Datasets:

scillm
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scientific_papers-archive

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0	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: additive models play an important role in semiparametric statistics . this paper gives learning rates for regularized kernel based methods for additive models . these learning rates compare favourably in particular in high dimensions to recent results on ...	many interesting results on learning rates of regularized kernel based models for additive models have been published when the focus is on sparsity and when the classical least squares loss function is used , see e.g. @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite and the references therein . of course , the least...
1	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we have studied the leptonic decay @xmath0 , via the decay channel @xmath1 , using a sample of tagged @xmath2 decays collected near the @xmath3 peak production energy in @xmath4 collisions with the cleo - c detector . we obtain @xmath5 and determine the dec...	the experimental determination of decay constants is one of the most important tests of calculations involving nonperturbative qcd . such calculations have been performed using various models @xcite or using lattice qcd ( lqcd ) .
2	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: in 84 , 258 ( 2000 ) , mateos conjectured that current reversal in a classical deterministic ratchet is associated with bifurcations from chaotic to periodic regimes . this is based on the comparison of the current and the bifurcation diagram as a function ...	recently attention has been focused on the behavior of deterministic chaotic ratchets@xcite as well as hamiltonian ratchets@xcite . chaotic systems are defined as those which are sensitively dependent on initial conditions . whether chaotic or not , the behavior of nonlinear systems including the transition from regul...
3	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the effect of a random phase diffuser on fluctuations of laser light ( scintillations ) is studied . not only spatial but also temporal phase variations introduced by the phase diffuser are analyzed . the explicit dependence of the scintillation index on ...	( see , for example , refs.@xcite-@xcite ) . this unfavourable effect limits the performance of communication channels . to mitigate this negative effect
4	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: with a special intention of clarifying the underlying spin contents of the nucleon , we investigate the generalized form factors of the nucleon , which are defined as the @xmath0-th @xmath1-moments of the generalized parton distribution functions , within the...	it has been revealed that the gpds , which can be measured through the so - called deeply - virtual compton scatterings ( dvcs ) or the deeply - virtual meson productions ( dvmp ) , contain surprisingly richer information than the standard parton distribution functions @xcite@xcite . roughly speaking , the gpds are gen...
5	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we improve the currently known thresholds for basisness of the family of periodically dilated @xmath0-sine functions . our findings rely on a beurling decomposition of the corresponding change of coordinates in terms of shift operators of infinite multiplic...	these are natural generalisations of the sine function , indeed @xmath11 and they are known to share a number of remarkable properties with their classical counterpart @xcite . among these properties lies the fundamental question of completeness and linear independence of the family @xmath12 where @xmath13 .
6	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we report on strong enhancement of mid - infrared second harmonic generation ( shg ) from sic nanopillars due to the resonant excitation of localized surface phonon - polaritons within the reststrahlen band . the magnitude of the shg peak at the monopole mo...	was constructed , with floquet boundary conditions along the @xmath30-axis and periodic boundary conditions along the @xmath31-axis , perpendicular to the plane of incidence . a _ p_-polarized plane wave at frequency @xmath32 was launched towards the sic structure at an incident angle of 25@xmath33 .
7	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: synaptic memory is considered to be the main element responsible for learning and cognition in humans . although traditionally non - volatile long - term plasticity changes have been implemented in nanoelectronic synapses for neuromorphic applications , rec...	a very popular instance is the simulation of a cat s brain on ibm s blue gene supercomputer where the power consumption was reported to be of the order of a few @xmath3 @xcite . while the power required to simulate the human brain will rise significantly as we proceed along the hierarchy in the animal kingdom , actual ...
8	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: this paper investigates , using prior shape models and the concept of ball scale ( b - scale ) , ways of automatically recognizing objects in 3d images without performing elaborate searches or optimization . that is , the goal is to place the model in a sin...	a novel , general method is introduced for object recognition to assist in segmentation ( delineation ) tasks . it exploits the pose relationship that can be encoded , via the concept of ball scale ( b - scale ) @xcite , between the binary training objects and their associated images . as an alternative to the manu...
9	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: long time coverage and high radial velocity precision have allowed for the discovery of additional objects in known planetary systems . many of the extrasolar planets detected have highly eccentric orbits , which raises the question of how likely those syst...	one such method , planet - planet scattering , occurs when multiple jovian planets form several astronomical units ( au ) from the host star and then interact , leaving one in an eccentric orbit and often ejecting the other @xcite . this method has been proposed to explain the architecture of the @xmath2 and planetary ...
10	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we study equilibrium configurations of swarming biological organisms subject to exogenous and pairwise endogenous forces . beginning with a discrete dynamical model , we derive a variational description of the corresponding continuum population density . ...	a typical modeling strategy is to treat each individual as a moving particle whose velocity is influenced by social ( interparticle ) attractive and repulsive forces @xcite . in contrast , the _ exogenous _ forces describe an individual s reaction to the environment , for instance a response to gravity , wind , a chemi...
11	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: i discuss new results on absolute branching ratios of charm mesons into specific exclusive final states , cabibbo suppressed decay rates , inclusive decays to @xmath0 mesons , limits on @xmath1 mixing , cp violation and t violation . preliminary results fro...	another important reason for detailed charm studies is that most @xmath8 s , @xmath999% , decay into charm , so knowledge about charm decays is particularly useful for @xmath8 decay studies . especially interesting are absolute branching ratios , resonant substructures in multi - body decays , phases on dalitz plots , ...
12	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: cut - sky orthogonal mode analyses of the @xmath0-dmr 53 and 90 ghz sky maps are used to determine the normalization of a variety of open cosmogonical models based on the cold dark matter scenario . to constrain the allowed cosmological - parameter range for ...	1995 ) , which would require an explanation . attempts to reconcile these favoured " flat spatial hypersurfaces with observational measures of a low value for the clustered - mass density parameter @xmath1 have concentrated on models in which one postulates the presence of a cosmological constant @xmath18 ( peebles 19...
13	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we present a two - channel model to describe the quantum state of two atoms with finite - range interaction near a feshbach resonance . this model provides a simple picture to analytically derive the wave function and the binding energy of the molecular bou...	feshbach molecules have special and unique properties . they typically populate only one weakly - bound quantum state , and the bound state can strongly couple to the scattering continuum via feshbach resonance .
14	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: large numbers of supernovae ( sne ) have been discovered in recent years , and many more will be found in the near future . once discovered , further study of a sn and its possible use as an astronomical tool ( e.g. , as a distance estimator ) require knowled...	1997 ; filippenko et al . 2001 ; dimai 2001 ; qiu & hu 2001 ) , wide - field , moderately deep surveys ( e.g. , reiss et al . 1998 ; gal - yam & maoz 1999 , 2002 ; hardin et al . 2000 ; schaefer 2000 ) , and cosmology - oriented , deep , high - redshift sn search projects ( perlmutter et al . 1997 ; schmidt et al .
15	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the general expression of the stern - gerlach force is deduced for a relativistic charged spin-@xmath0 particle which travels inside a time varying magnetic field . this result was obtained either by means of two lorentz boosts or starting from dirac s equa...	let us denote with @xmath1 the coordinates of a particle in the laboratory , and with @xmath2 the coordinates in the particle rest frame , prf . in the latter the sg force that represents the action of an inhomogeneous magnetic field on a particle endowed with a magnetic moment @xmath3 is f_sg = (^ * b ) = x ( ^ * b ) ...
16	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we calculate cross sections for low energy elastic exciton - exciton scattering within the effective mass approximation . unlike previous theoretical approaches , we give a complete , non - perturbative treatment of the four - particle scattering problem . ...	as is well - known in atomic physics , scattering lengths can be extremely sensitive to the details of the interactions between particles . in particular , the existence of a weakly bound or nearly bound state causes the scatter length to become quite large .
17	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we present a novel method for calculating the primordial non - gaussianity produced by super - horizon evolution during inflation . our method evolves the distribution of coarse - grained inflationary field values using a transport equation . we present s...	as observational data become more plentiful , it will be important to understand the non - gaussian signal expected in a wide variety of models , and to anticipate what conclusions can be drawn about early - universe physics from a prospective detection of primordial non - gaussianity . in this paper , we present a ...
18	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: for @xmath0 and @xmath1 , we consider certain admissible sequences of @xmath2 lattice paths in a colored @xmath3 square . we show that the number of such admissible sequences of lattice paths is given by the sum of squares of the number of standard young ta...	it is shown in ( @xcite , corollary 7.23.12 ) that the sum of squares of the number of standard young tableaux of partitions of @xmath4 with height less than or equal to @xmath11 is equal to the number of @xmath6-avoiding permutations of @xmath7 . in section [ multiplicities ] , we apply our results to the represent...
19	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: various new physics models predict a light cp - odd higgs boson ( labeled as @xmath0 ) and open up new decay modes for @xmath1-boson , such as @xmath2 , @xmath3 and @xmath4 , which could be explored at the gigaz option of the ilc . in this work we investiga...	this factory can be realized in the gigaz option of the international linear collider ( ilc)@xcite . the ilc is a proposed electron - positron collider with tunable energy ranging from @xmath12 to @xmath13 and polarized beams in its first phase , and the gigaz option corresponds to its operation on top of the resonance...
20	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: a positive , non - saturating and dominantly linear magnetoresistance is demonstrated to occur in the surface state of a topological insulator having a wavevector - linear energy dispersion together with a finite positive zeeman energy splitting . this line...	, this unexpected lmr has been reported in silver chalcogenide,@xcite indium antimonide,@xcite silicon,@xcite mnas - gaas composite material,@xcite and graphene.@xcite kapitza s linear law@xcite indicates that the metal shows a magnetoresistance linear in perpendicular magnetic field when it has an open fermi surfac...
21	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: dwarf galaxies in the local group provide a unique astrophysical laboratory . despite their proximity some of these systems still lack a reliable distance determination as well as studies of their stellar content and star formation history . we present firs...	we selected a sample of six local group dwarf irregular galaxies which are visible with the 0.8 m telescope of our institute at mt . the names and additional data from the literature compilation by mateo ( 1998 ) are shown in table 1 .
22	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the generation of hydrodynamic radiation in interactions of pulsed proton and laser beams with matter is explored . the beams were directed into a water target and the resulting acoustic signals were recorded with pressure sensitive sensors . measurements...	in the 1970s this idea was discussed within the dumand optical neutrino detector project @xcite and has been studied in connection with cherenkov neutrino detector projects since . the detection of such neutrinos is considerably more challenging than the search for high - energy neutrinos ( @xmath2 ) as currently pursu...
23	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the wide field camera 3 ( wfc3 ) on the _ hubble space telescope _ ( _ hst _ ) enabled the search for the first galaxies observed at @xmath0 ( @xmath1 myr after the big bang ) . to continue quantifying the number density of the most luminous galaxies ( @xmath...	can galaxies form with sufficient efficiency at such early times to provide enough reionizing photons ( e.g. @xcite ) , or is the process possibly driven by other classes of objects such as agn @xcite ? observationally , recent progress in near - ir detector technology has dramatically advanced our ability to search fo...
24	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: _ this paper presents invariants under gamma correction and similarity transformations . the invariants are local features based on differentials which are implemented using derivatives of the gaussian . the use of the proposed invariant representation is...	the geometric transformations of interest often include translation , rotation , and scaling , summarily referred to as _ similarity _ transformations . in a previous paper @xcite , building on work done by schmid and mohr @xcite , we have proposed differential invariants for those similarity transformations , plus _...
25	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we investigate the emergence of magnetic flux in the quiet sun at very small spatial scales , focusing on the magnetic connection between the photosphere and chromosphere . the observational data consist of spectropolarimetric measurements and filtergrams t...	smaller active regions consist of pores and contain an order of magnitude less flux , persisting over days to weeks . the smallest emerging regions detected to date are the so - called ephemeral regions .
26	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we apply the statefinder diagnostic to the torsion cosmology , in which an accounting for the accelerated universe is considered in term of a riemann - cartan geometry : dynamic scalar torsion . we find that there are some typical characteristic of the evol...	fundamental quantities are either geometrical ( if they are constructed from a spacetime geometry directly ) or physical ( if they depend upon physical fields ) . physical quantities are certainly model - dependent , while geometrical quantites are more universal .
27	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: matched - filtering for the identification of compact object mergers in gravitational - wave antenna data involves the comparison of the data stream to a bank of template gravitational waveforms . typically the template bank is constructed from phenomenologic...	it is important that rigorous detection algorithms be in place in order to maximize the number of detections of gravitational wave signals . the detection pipeline currently employed by ligo involves a matched - filtering process whereby signals are compared to a pre - constructed template bank of gravitational wavefor...
28	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we investigate an efficient quantum error correction of a fully correlated noise . suppose the noise is characterized by a quantum channel whose error operators take fully correlated forms given by @xmath0 , @xmath1 and @xmath2 , where @xmath3 is the number...	there are several proposals to fight against decoherence . quantum error correction , abriviated as qec hereafter , is one of the most promising candidate to suppress environmental noise , which leads to decoherence @xcite . by adding extra ancillary qubits , in analogy with classical error correction , it is possible ...
29	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: this is the first attempt to model the kinematics of a cme launch and the resulting euv dimming quantitatively with a self - consistent model . our 4d - model assumes self - similar expansion of a spherical cme geometry that consists of a cme front with den...	a statistical study on the simultaneous detection of euv dimmings and cmes has recently been performed by bewsher et al . this study based on soho / cds and lasco data confirms a 55% association rate of dimming events with cmes , and vice versa a 84% association rate of cmes with dimming events
30	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we construct a simply connected minimal complex surface of general type with @xmath0 and @xmath1 which has an involution such that the minimal resolution of the quotient by the involution is a simply connected minimal complex surface of general type with @xma...	j. keum - y . lee @xcite , calabri - ciliberto - mendes lopes @xcite , calabri - mendes lopes - pardini @xcite , y. lee - y .
31	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: no - scale structure of the khler potential is obtained in many types of supersymmetric models . in this paper , phenomenological aspects of these models are investigated with special attention to the current higgs mass bound at lep and @xmath0 result at th...	. mechanisms of susy breaking and its mediation to the minimal supersymmetric standard model ( mssm ) sector are one of the most important problems in the susy phenomenology . in many models , this dynamics is related to high energy physics far above the electroweak(ew ) scale , e.g. , gut scale or planck scale .
32	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the estimation of the number of passengers with the identical journey is a common problem for public transport authorities . this problem is also known as the origin - destination estimation ( od ) problem and it has been widely studied for the past thirty ...	a particular application of the od matrix estimation is in the area of public transport . in order to improve their service , the responsible managers are looking for on - going evaluation of the passenger flow and the reasons that would influence this flow .
33	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we propose and experimentally demonstrate a method for non - invasive measurements of cavity parameters by injection of squeezed vacuum into an optical cavity . the principle behind this technique is the destruction of the correlation between upper and lowe...	they include absorption and scattering losses due to impurities in the cavity material , and light - induced losses due to nonlinear processes . due to the extremely small mode volume and high q - factor of the cavity , the cavity build - up intensity is extremely high , even in the case of an input with small power ( ...
34	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: to investigate chemical reactivity of cu atomic - scale structures , we performed simulations based on the generalized gradient approximation in the density functional theory . an atomic layer of cu forming a triangular lattice ( tl ) was found to give a st...	we note that the simulations were often performed with respect to reactions on stable bulk surfaces . although the theoretical data suggested less reactivity of cu bulk surfaces for no@xmath0 reduction , there could be remarkable reactivity on some surface - like atomic structures of cu .
35	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the origin and chemical composition of ultra high energy cosmic rays is still an open question in astroparticle physics . the observed large - scale isotropy and also direct composition measurements can be interpreted as an extragalactic proton dominance ab...	very few astrophysical accelerators can generate crs with energies above the gzk cutoff ( see e.g. @xcite for a review ) and so far none of the candidate sources have been confirmed in our local environment . it has been speculated that decaying superheavy particles , possibly some new form of dark matter or remnants...
36	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the phenomenology of a system of two coupled quadratic maps is studied both analytically and numerically . conditions for synchronization are given and the bifurcations of periodic orbits from this regime are identified . in addition , we show that an arb...	, it is important to identify the dynamical mechanisms leading to multistability and , in particular , to construct simple models where this phenomenon might be under control . the first mathematical result in this direction was obtained by newhouse @xcite
37	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we report on an easy - to - evaluate expression for the prediction of the bend - loss for a large mode area photonic crystal fiber ( pcf ) with a triangular air - hole lattice . the expression is based on a recently proposed formulation of the v - parameter...	e.g. _ an effective core radius . in this paper we revisit the problem and show how macro - bending loss measurements on high - quality pcfs can be predicted with high accuracy using easy - to - evaluate empirical relations .
38	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we consider the markov random flight @xmath0 in the three - dimensional euclidean space @xmath1 with constant finite speed @xmath2 and the uniform choice of the initial and each new direction at random time instants that form a homogeneous poisson flow of rat...	* formulas ( 1.3 ) and ( 4.21 ) therein ) . it has an extremely complicated form of an integral with variable limits whose integrand involves inverse hyperbolic tangent function .
39	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the classical structure - function ( sf ) method in fully developed turbulence or for scaling processes in general is influenced by large - scale energetic structures , known as infrared effect . therefore , the extracted scaling exponents @xmath0 might be ...	note that for the self - similarity process , e.g. , fractional brownian motion ( fbm ) , the measured @xmath0 is linear with @xmath12 . while for the multifractal process , e.g. , turbulent velocity , it is usually convex with @xmath12 . other methods are available to extract the scaling exponent . for example , wavel...
40	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: making online resources more accessible to physically challenged library users is a topic deserving informed attention from astronomy librarians . recommendations like wcag 2.0 standards and section 508 , in the united states , have proven valuable , and so...	after all , its origins lie in looking at the skies . hence , it is a common belief that you need to use your sight to be able to study astronomy .
41	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we present an analysis of intermediate - dispersion spectra and photometric data of the newly identified cool , polluted white dwarf nltt 19868 . the spectra obtained with x - shooter on the very large telescope ( vlt)-melipal show strong lines of calcium , ...	several detailed studies of polluted white dwarfs have uncovered large variations in the composition of the accreted material . based on a study of ultraviolet ( uv ) spectra of a sample of white dwarfs ( 19000 < @xmath0 k ) , @xcite showed that the abundance diversity in the accreted material is similar to that observ...
42	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the remarkable sensitivity of the @xmath0-axis resistivity and magnetoresistance in cuprates to the spin ordering is used to clarify the doping - induced transformation from an antiferromagnetic ( af ) insulator to a superconducting ( sc ) metal in @xmath1ba@...	the destructive impact of static spin order on superconductivity was further supported by the observation of sc suppression at a peculiar 1/8 doping in la@xmath6ba@xmath7cuo@xmath8 @xcite . on the other hand , spin excitations are often suggested to provide glue for sc pairing , implying the ultimate importance of af c...
43	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: @xmath0as , @xmath1rb and @xmath2rb nuclear quadrupole resonance ( nqr ) and @xmath1rb nuclear magnetic resonance ( nmr ) measurements in rbfe@xmath3as@xmath3 iron - based superconductor are presented . we observe a marked broadening of @xmath0as nqr spectr...	2012x3yfz2 . 99 n. f. mott , proc . phys london , sect .
44	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: using the formalism of rigorous statistical mechanics , we study the phenomena of phase separation and freezing - point depression upon freezing of solutions . specifically , we devise an ising - based model of a solvent - solute system and show that , in t...	the corresponding phenomena in systems with several mixed components , particularly solutions , have long been well - understood on the level of theoretical physics . however , they have not received much mathematically rigorous attention and in particular have not been derived rigorously starting from a local interact...
45	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we report on a multi - frequency , multi - epoch campaign of very long baseline interferometry observations of the radio galaxy 1946 + 708 using the vlba and a global vlbi array . from these high - resolution observations we deduce the kinematic age of the ...	jet components en route between the core and the hot spots where they terminate , appear to move faster , and superluminal speeds in the jets are seen in a few sources ( taylor , readhead & pearson 2000 ) . the jets can be similar or much brighter than the counterjets .
46	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: one of the open problems in higher category theory is the systematic construction of the higher dimensional analogues of the gray tensor product . in this paper we continue the work of @xcite to adapt the machinery of globular operads @xcite to this task . ...	the problem of defining an n - categorical structure of a given type is that of defining the monad on the category @xmath8 of @xmath0-globular sets whose algebras are these structures . as explained in the introduction to @xcite , this approach works because the monads concerned have excellent formal properties , which...
47	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the longitudinal polarization of fermions ( tops and taus ) produced in sfermion decays to neutralinos or charginos can be a useful tool for the determination of susy parameters . we discuss this fermion polarization in the context of the mssm with complex ...	new sources of cp violation _ beyond _ the sm are therefore a necessity @xcite . supersymmetry ( susy ) is arguably the most attractive extension of the sm , as it solves , for instance , the problem of the instability of the electroweak symmetry - breaking scale against radiative corrections .
48	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we have observed an outburst of the t tauri star ex lup in march 1994 . we present both photometric ( bvr ) and spectroscopic ( low and medium resolution ) observations carried out during the decline after outburst . the star appears much bluer during out...	herbig ( 1977a ) assigned the spectral type of m0:ev using the 5850 - 6700 range . photographic and visual light - curves covering a century of observations revealed the irregular photometric behaviour of the star ( mclaughlin 1946 , bateson et al .
49	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the liquid - gas phase transition in hot neutron - rich nuclear matter is investigated within a self - consistent thermal model using different interactions with or without isospin and/or momentum dependence . the boundary of the phase - coexistence region ...	, the lg phase transition is expected to display some distinctly new features because of the isospin degree of freedom and the associated interactions and additional conservation laws@xcite . this expectation together with the need to understand better properties of asymmetric nuclear matter relevant for both nuclear p...
50	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the phase transition of the quantum spin-@xmath0 frustrated heisenberg antiferroferromagnet on an anisotropic square lattice is studied by using a variational treatment . the model is described by the heisenberg hamiltonian with two antiferromagnetic intera...	the criticality of this @xmath12 heisenberg model on a square lattice are relatively well known at @xmath13 . there are two magnetically long - range ordered phases at small and at large values of @xmath6 separated by an intermediate quantum paramagnetic phase without magnetic long - range order in the region between @...
51	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we study the generalized mutual information @xmath0 of the ground state of different critical quantum chains . the generalized mutual information definition that we use is based on the well established concept of the rnyi divergence . we calculate this quan...	the central charge of quantum spin chains has never been measured experimentally . recently other quantities , that are also dependent of the central charge has been proposed @xcite . among these proposals interesting measures that , from the numerical point of view , are also efficient in detecting the phase transitio...
52	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the quasiregular singularities ( horizons ) that form in the collision of cross polarized electromagnetic waves are , as in the linear polarized case , unstable . the validity of the helliwell - konkowski stability conjecture is tested for a number of exact...	naturally , this solution initiated a literature devoted entirely on the quest of stability of horizons formed hitherto . ch formed in spacetimes of cpw was shown by yurtsever to be unstable against plane - symmetric perturbations [ 3 ]
53	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we propose a tuner , suitable for adaptive control and ( in its discrete - time version ) adaptive filtering applications , that sets the second derivative of the parameter estimates rather than the first derivative as is done in the overwhelming majority of ...	maybe the most straightforward involve minimizing the prediction error via gradient - type algorithms of the form : @xmath8 where @xmath9 is a constant , symmetric , positive - definite gain matrix . let us define @xmath10 and analyze differential equations and , which under the assumption that @xmath11 is identically ...
54	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we introduce a new background field method for n=2 superspace . ( we treat projective hyperspace , but similar remarks apply for the harmonic case . ) in analogy to n=1 , background gauge fields are in the real representation , so the lowest - dimension pot...	in fact , background field formalism in harmonic superspace has quite a straightforward construction @xcite . although the construction has some subtleties , it has been refined in a series of papers along with relevant calculations @xcite . in this paper
55	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: a new numerical method is proposed for a 1-d inverse medium scattering problem with multi - frequency data . this method is based on the construction of a weighted cost functional . the weight is a carleman weight function ( cwf ) . in other words , this ...	therefore , one can hope to reconstruct only a very limited information about each target . so , we reconstruct only an estimate of the dielectric constant of each target . for each target ,
56	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: given a real number @xmath0 , we study the associated @xmath1-shift introduced in @xcite . we compares some aspects of the @xmath2-shift to the @xmath3-shift . when the expansion in base @xmath4 of @xmath5 is periodic with odd period or when @xmath6 is st...	various studies have focused on the similarities and differences between the two maps from several points of view . this paper fits in this last line of research .
57	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the sunspot number varies roughly periodically with time . however the individual cycle durations and the amplitudes are found to vary in an irregular manner . it is observed that the stronger cycles are having shorter rise times and vice versa . this l...	it says that there is an anti - correlation between the rise time and the peak sunspot number . we call this as we1 .
58	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: phylogenetic networks are mathematical structures for modeling and visualization of reticulation processes in the study of evolution . galled networks , reticulation visible networks , nearly - stable networks and stable - child networks are the four classe...	2015 ; mcbreen and lockhart 2006 ; marcussen et al . 2014 ) . in the past two decades , phylogenetic networks
59	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the jhu turbulence database @xcite can be used with a state of the art visualisation tool @xcite to generate high quality link : anc / dfdsubmissionquarterres.mpg[fluid dynamics videos ] . in this work we investigate the classical idea that smaller structur...	@xmath2 snapshots were stored , spread out evenly over a large eddy turnover time . more on the simulation and on accessing the data can be found at http://turbulence.pha.jhu.edu . in practical terms
60	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: electron injection from an adsorbed molecule to the substrate ( heterogeneous electron transfer ) is studied . one reaction coordinate is used to model this process . the surface phonons and/or the electron - hole pairs together with the internal degrees ...	the ultrafast nature of the charge injection from adsorbed molecules to the conduction band of semiconductor surfaces was shown in recent experiments @xcite . the theoretical description of such experiments demands an adequate treatment of the et dynamics to be able to describe short time - scale phenomena such as cohe...
61	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: during the past two years , the galactic black hole microquasar grs 1915 + 105 has exhibited a bewildering diversity of large amplitude , chaotic variability in x - rays . although it is generally accepted that the variability in this source results from a...	the combination of relativistic constraints and radio measurements at hi indicate that the source lies behind the sagittarius arm at a distance of 12.5 @xmath3 kpc ( mirabel & rodrigues 1994 ) . interstellar extinction limits optical / ir studies to weak detections at wavelengths less than 1 micron ( mirabel et al .
62	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: recent studies of lensing clusters reveal that it might be fairly common for a galaxy cluster that the x - ray center has an obvious offset from its gravitational center which is measured by strong lensing . we argue that if these offsets exist , then x - r...	good agreements between these methods have been found on scales larger than cluster cores . however , joint measurements of lensing and x - rays often identify large discrepancies in the gravitational masses within the central regions of clusters by the two methods , and the lensing mass has always been found to be @xm...
63	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we study a family of double confluent heun equations that are linearizations of nonlinear equations on two - torus modeling the josephson effect in superconductivity . they have the form @xmath0 , where @xmath1 is a family of differential operators of order...	the main results , their existence and uniqueness ( theorems [ noncom ] and [ xi=0 ] ) are stated in subsection 1.1 . applications to monodromy eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of homogeneous double confluent heun equations and to nonlinear equations modeling josephson effect are presented in subsection 1.1 , sections 4 ...
64	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the statistical model of chase and mekjian , which offers an analytic solution for the canonical ensemble of non - interacting fragments , is investigated for it s thermodynamic behavior . various properties of the model , which exhibits a first - order pha...	we consider the statistical approach@xcite where one considers sampling all configurations of non - interacting clusters . recently , chase and mekjian@xcite derived relations which allow the exact calculation of the canonical partition function for such a system . by eliminating the need for computationally intensive ...
65	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we study the implication of the time - dependent cp asymmetry in @xmath0 decays on the extraction of weak phases taking into account the precise measurement of @xmath1 , obtained from the `` gold - plated''mode @xmath2 . predictions and uncertainties for th...	the current @xmath3-factories measurements have been averaged to yield @xcite : @xmath10 on the theoretical side , the analysis is challenging due to the need to know the ratio of penguin - to - tree amplitude contributing to this process . in this talk , we present the result of @xcite , where a transparent method of ...
66	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the stability of a recently proposed general relativistic model of galaxies is studied in some detail . this model is a general relativistic version of the well known miyamoto - nagai model that represents well a thick galactic disk . the stability of the...	static thin disk solutions were first studied by @xcite and @xcite , where they considered disks without radial pressure . disks with radial pressure and with radial tension had been considered by @xcite and @xcite , respectively .
67	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: * _ abstract _ : * in this paper , we present a new pipeline which automatically identifies and annotates axoplasmic reticula , which are small subcellular structures present only in axons . we run our algorithm on the kasthuri11 dataset , which was color c...	specifically , the objective is to achieve an operating point with high precision , to enable robust contextual inference . there has been very little previous work towards this end @xcite .
68	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the recent data on @xmath0dijet excess reported by cdf may be interpreted as the associated production of a @xmath1 and a new particle of mass about 150 gev which subsequently decays into two hadron jets . we study the possibility of explaining the @xmath0d...	the @xmath0dijet production has a few pb cross - section which is much larger than standard model ( sm ) expectation . the dijet system may be interpreted as an unidentified resonance with mass around 150 gev which predominantly decays into two hadron jets .
69	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we present a statistical x - ray study of spiral galaxies in the hubble deep field - north and its flanking fields using the chandra deep field north 1 ms dataset . we find that @xmath0 galaxies with @xmath1 have ratios of x - ray to @xmath2-band luminosi...	rosati et al . , in prep . ) . galaxies with @xmath8 are detected in appreciable numbers at 0.52 kev fluxes below @xmath9 erg @xmath6 s@xmath7 ( e.g. , paper ii ) ; the cdf - n survey goes almost two orders of magnitude fainter , detecting significant numbers of normal galaxies among the population of x - ray sour...
70	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the asymmetric spin - orbit interactions play a crucial role in realizing topological phases in noncentrosymmetric superconductor ( ncs ) . we investigate the edge states and the vortex core states in the @xmath0-wave ncs with dresselhaus ( 110 ) spin - orb...	the signatures of mfs have also been reported in the superconducting insb nanowire @xcite , @xmath3 @xcite and topological insulator josephson junction @xcite . to obtain a readily manipulated majorana platform for tqc , more experimental confirmations and theoretical proposals are therefore highly desirable . in th...
71	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: in this work , we consider a tight binding lattice with two non - hermitian impurities . the system is described by a non - hermitian generalization of the aubry andre model . we show for the first time that there exists topologically nontrivial edge stat...	remarkably , topological phase is not restricted to two and three dimensional systems . of special importance in the context of localization and topological phase in 1d is the aubry and andre ( aa ) model @xcite .
72	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: an important concern in the application of gamma - ray bursts ( grbs ) to cosmology is that the calibration of grb luminosity / energy relations depends on the cosmological model , due to the lack of a sufficient low - redshift grb sample . in this paper , ...	observations of sn ia provide a powerful probe in the modern cosmology . phillips ( 1993 ) found that there is an intrinsic relation between the peak luminosity and the shape of the light curve of sne ia .
73	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the question of which two - qubit states are steerable ( i.e. permit a demonstration of epr - steering ) remains open . here , a strong necessary condition is obtained for the steerability of two - qubit states having maximally - mixed reduced states , via ...	the product - states appearing in such a mixture comprise a local hidden state ( lhs ) model for any measurements undertaken by alice and bob . at the strongest end of the spectrum are quantum systems whose measurement correlations can violate a bell inequality @xcite , hence demonstrating ( modulo loopholes @xcit...
74	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: although the generation of disoriented chiral condensates ( dccs ) , where the order parameter for chiral symmetry breaking is misaligned with respect to the vacuum direction in isospin state , is quite natural in the theory of strong interactions , they have...	the nature and reality of centauro events started a long debate , that includes the reexamination of the original emulsion chamber plates , and is still not resolved @xcite . nevertheless , centauro events were certainly an experimental motivation for the development of the theory of disoriented chiral condensates (...
75	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we study the cool gas around a galaxy at @xmath0 using keck / lris spectroscopy of a bright ( @xmath1 ) background galaxy at @xmath2 at a transverse distance of @xmath3 kpc . the background galaxy spectrum reveals strong , , , and absorption at the redshift...	* ) and have used qso spectroscopy of various rest - frame ultraviolet transitions to constrain the nature of baryonic processes in the outer regions of galaxies , e.g. , feedback , accretion , and cooling @xcite . these transitions include ly@xmath9 and lines that probe cooler , photoionized gas @xcite , and and doub...
76	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we propose a scheme for tunable coupling of phase - coupled flux qubits . the phase - coupling scheme can provide a strong coupling strength of the order of josephson coupling energy of josephson junctions in the connecting loop , while the previously studi...	recently much theoretical efforts have been devoted on the study about the controllable coupling of charge @xcite , charge - phase @xcite and flux qubits @xcite . for flux qubits the controllable coupling schemes use inductive coupling , but it is too weak to perform efficient two - qubit gate operations . hence , whil...
77	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: proposition algebra is based on hoare s conditional connective , which is a ternary connective comparable to if - then - else and used in the setting of propositional logic . conditional statements are provided with a simple semantics that is based on evalu...	@xmath6 , first @xmath2 is evaluated , and depending on that evaluation result , then either @xmath1 or @xmath7 is evaluated ( and the other is not ) and determines the evaluation value . this evaluation strategy is a form of _ short - circuit _ evaluation . in @xcite , hoare proves that propositional logic is characte...
78	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: a theoretical study is presented of surface waves at a monomolecular surfactant film between an isotropic liquid and a nematic liquid crystal for the case when the surfactant film is in the isotropic two - dimensional fluid phase and induces homeotropic ( nor...	the scattering of light on surface waves is a powerful tool for probing the properties of surfactant films at fluid interfaces @xcite , and a variety of systems have been recently investigated using this method ( e.g. refs @xcite , see also the review by cicuta and hopkinson @xcite ) . recently , the application of s...
79	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we study three - dimensional bosonic cluster interacting through van der waals potential at large scattering length . we use faddeev - type decomposition of the many - body wave function which includes all possible two - body correlations . at large scatter...	weakly interacting dilute bose gas , the gas like state becomes unstable as @xmath1 increases @xcite . however the efimov effect in quantum three - body systems leads to different concept of universality .
80	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: this article reviews the use of single electron spins to compute . in classical computing schemes , a binary bit is represented by the spin polarization of a single electron confined in a quantum dot . if a weak magnetic field is present , the spin orient...	first , there is the possibility of lower power dissipation in switching logic gates . in charge based devices , such as metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors , switching between logic 0 and logic 1 is accomplished by moving charges into and out of the transistor channel .
81	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the last part of sps5 dealt with the circumstellar environment . structures are indeed found around several types of massive stars , such as blue and red supergiants , as well as wrs and lbvs . as shown in the last years , the potential of ir for their st...	these episodes of enhanced mass - loss have gained more attention , as they seem more crucial than ever in the evolution of massive stars . another reason to study the close environment of massive stars is to better understand the evolution of supernova remnants ( snrs ) .
82	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: this paper presents the i - band data obtained by the eso imaging survey ( eis ) over two patches of the sky , 6 square degrees each , centered at @xmath0 , @xmath1 , and @xmath2 , @xmath3 . the data are being made public in the form of object catalogs and ...	originally , the eis observations were expected to be carried out in two passbands ( v and i ) . however , because of time constraints and the prospect of supplementing the eis observations at the ntt with the new wide - field imager for the 2.2 m eso / mpia telescope , preference was given to increase the area covered...
83	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: a multi - resolution bead - spring model for polymer dynamics is developed as a generalization of the rouse model . a polymer chain is described using beads of variable sizes connected by springs with variable spring constants . a numerical scheme which can...	hydrodynamic forces between beads and excluded volume effects are neglected in the model in favour of simplicity and computational speed , but the model manages to agree with several properties of polymer chains from experiments @xcite . other models exist , for example the zimm model introduces hydrodynamic forces @...
84	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: interval exchange maps are related to geodesic flows on translation surfaces ; they correspond to the first return maps of the vertical flow on a transverse segment . the rauzy - veech induction on the space of interval exchange maps provides a powerful too...	it is well known that the continued fractions encode cutting sequences of hyperbolic geodesics on the poincar upper half - plane . similarly , the rauzy - veech induction ( analogous to euclidean algorithm ) provides a discrete model for the teichmller geodesics flow ( @xcite ) . using this relation h. masur in @x...
85	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: we investigate if consequential angular momentum losses ( caml ) or an intrinsic deformation of the donor star in cvs could increase the cv bounce period from the canonical theoretical value @xmath0 min to the observed value @xmath1 min , and if a variation o...	so far theoretical models have been unable to reproduce the precise position of the observed short - period cut - off and observed shape of the cv orbital period distribution near this cut - off . this is summarised in figure [ combined ] .
86	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: building on work of saxl , we classify the multiplicity - free permutation characters of all symmetric groups of degree @xmath0 or more . a corollary is a complete list of the irreducible characters of symmetric groups ( again of degree @xmath0 or more ) whic...	let @xmath5 be the permutation character of the action of @xmath1 on the cosets of @xmath37 . let @xmath97 be the number of orbits of @xmath37 on @xmath98-subsets of @xmath96 .
87	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: the nonlinear propagation of electromagnetic ( em ) electron - cyclotron waves ( whistlers ) along an external magnetic field , and their modulation by electrostatic small but finite amplitude ion - acoustic density perturbations are investigated in a uniform...	stenzel in his classic paper stenzel demonstrated experimentally the creation of magnetic field - aligned density perturbations excited by the ponderomotive force exerted by the em whistlers . whistler waves are important not only in space plasmas due to wave - particle interactions , but also in laboratory plasmas as ...
88	Suppose that you have an abstract for a scientific paper: interference of fractionally charged quasi - particles is expected to lead to aharonov - bohm oscillations with periods larger than the flux quantum @xmath0 . however , according to the byers - yang theorem , observables of an electronic system are invariant ...	this behavior originates from an interplay between the landau quantization of the orbital motion of electrons @xcite and interaction effects , which leads to the formation of a bulk energy gap . as a consequence an incompressible state is formed in the bulk of the 2deg . at the edge of

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Dataset Card for "scientific_papers"

Dataset Summary

Scientific papers datasets contains two sets of long and structured documents. The datasets are obtained from ArXiv and PubMed OpenAccess repositories.

Both "arxiv" and "pubmed" have two features:

article: the body of the document, paragraphs separated by "/n".
abstract: the abstract of the document, paragraphs separated by "/n".
section_names: titles of sections, separated by "/n".

Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

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Languages

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Dataset Structure

Data Instances

arxiv

Size of downloaded dataset files: 4.50 GB
Size of the generated dataset: 7.58 GB
Total amount of disk used: 12.09 GB

An example of 'train' looks as follows.

This example was too long and was cropped:

{
    "abstract": "\" we have studied the leptonic decay @xmath0 , via the decay channel @xmath1 , using a sample of tagged @xmath2 decays collected...",
    "article": "\"the leptonic decays of a charged pseudoscalar meson @xmath7 are processes of the type @xmath8 , where @xmath9 , @xmath10 , or @...",
    "section_names": "[sec:introduction]introduction\n[sec:detector]data and the cleo- detector\n[sec:analysys]analysis method\n[sec:conclusion]summary"
}

pubmed

Size of downloaded dataset files: 4.50 GB
Size of the generated dataset: 2.51 GB
Total amount of disk used: 7.01 GB

An example of 'validation' looks as follows.

This example was too long and was cropped:

{
    "abstract": "\" background and aim : there is lack of substantial indian data on venous thromboembolism ( vte ) . \\n the aim of this study was...",
    "article": "\"approximately , one - third of patients with symptomatic vte manifests pe , whereas two - thirds manifest dvt alone .\\nboth dvt...",
    "section_names": "\"Introduction\\nSubjects and Methods\\nResults\\nDemographics and characteristics of venous thromboembolism patients\\nRisk factors ..."
}

Data Fields

The data fields are the same among all splits.

arxiv

article: a string feature.
abstract: a string feature.
section_names: a string feature.

pubmed

article: a string feature.
abstract: a string feature.
section_names: a string feature.

Data Splits

name	train	validation	test
arxiv	203037	6436	6440
pubmed	119924	6633	6658

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

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Source Data

Initial Data Collection and Normalization

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Who are the source language producers?

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Annotations

Considerations for Using the Data

Social Impact of Dataset

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Discussion of Biases

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Other Known Limitations

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Additional Information

Dataset Curators

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Licensing Information

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Citation Information

@article{Cohan_2018,
   title={A Discourse-Aware Attention Model for Abstractive Summarization of
            Long Documents},
   url={http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/n18-2097},
   DOI={10.18653/v1/n18-2097},
   journal={Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of
          the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language
          Technologies, Volume 2 (Short Papers)},
   publisher={Association for Computational Linguistics},
   author={Cohan, Arman and Dernoncourt, Franck and Kim, Doo Soon and Bui, Trung and Kim, Seokhwan and Chang, Walter and Goharian, Nazli},
   year={2018}
}