Federated Department Stores Posts Profit  NEW YORK (Reuters) - Federated Department Stores Inc.  &lt;A HREF="http://www.investor.reuters.com/FullQuote.aspx?ticker=FD.N target=/stocks/quickinfo/fullquote"&gt;FD.N&lt;/A&gt;, parent of Macy's and Bloomingdale's, posted  higher-than-expected quarterly earnings on Wednesday and said  it was encouraged by October sales, nudging its shares up.