The lotus leaf is the leaf of the perennial aquatic herb lotus, and its chemical constituents are mainly nuciferine, citric acid, malic acid, gluconic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid and other anti-mitotic alkaline components. Lotus leaf contains a variety of alkaloids, brass glycosides, lotus leaf glycosides and other components, which can effectively reduce cholesterol and triglyceride, and has a good effect on patients with hyperlipidemia and obesity. The extract and decoction of lotus leaf can dilate blood vessels, clear heat and relieve summer heat, and have the effect of lowering blood pressure. Some experts point out that lotus leaf is a good medicine for weight loss.

Question: Which of the followings, if true, can best support the views of the above experts?

Choices:
- The lotus leaf promotes the peristalsis of the intestines and stomach and clears the stool in the body.
- Lotus leaf tea is a kind of food, not medicine, which has the advantages of non-toxic and safety.
- After soaking in water, lotus leaf tea becomes a liquid food, which is quickly absorbed in the stomach, with a short time, high concentration and greater stimulation.
- After taking the product made from lotus leaf, a fat isolation film is formed on the intestinal wall of the human body, which can effectively prevent the absorption of fat.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / and
              :op1 (z2 / leaf
                       :part-of (z3 / plant
                                    :wiki "Taxodium_distichum"
                                    :name (z4 / name
                                              :op1 "lotus")
                                    :mod (z5 / herb)
                                    :mod (z6 / aquatic)
                                    :mod (z7 / perennial))
                       :domain (z8 / lotus)
                       :source (z9 / plant
                                   :wiki "Taxodium_distichum"
                                   :name (z10 / name
                                              :op1 "lotus")
                                   :mod (z11 / herb)))
              :op2 (z12 / constituent
                        :mod (z13 / chemical)
                        :poss z2
                        :domain (z14 / and
                                     :op1 (z15 / nuciferine)
                                     :op2 (z16 / citric)
                                     :op3 (z17 / malic)
                                     :op4 (z18 / gluconic)
                                     :op5 (z19 / oxalic)
                                     :op6 (z20 / succinic)
                                     :op7 (z21 / component
                                               :mod (z22 / alkaline)
                                               :ARG0-of (z23 / counter-01
                                                             :ARG1 (z24 / methamphetamine))
                                               :mod (z25 / other))
                                     :mod (z26 / main))))
    :snt2 (z27 / contain-01
               :ARG0 (z28 / leaf
                          :mod (z29 / lotus))
               :ARG1 (z30 / variety
                          :consist-of (z31 / alkaloid)
                          :example (z32 / and
                                        :op1 (z33 / glycoside
                                                  :mod (z34 / brass))
                                        :op2 (z35 / glycoside
                                                  :mod (z36 / lotus))
                                        :op3 (z37 / component
                                                  :mod (z38 / other))
                                        :ARG0-of (z39 / reduce-01
                                                      :ARG1 (z40 / and
                                                                 :op1 (z41 / cholesterol)
                                                                 :op2 (z42 / triglyceride))
                                                      :ARG1-of (z43 / effective-04))
                                        :ARG0-of (z44 / affect-01
                                                      :ARG2 (z45 / patient
                                                                 :ARG0-of (z46 / have-03
                                                                               :ARG1 (z47 / and
                                                                                :op1 (z48 / hyperlipidemia)
                                                                                :op2 (z49 / obesity))))
                                                      :ARG1-of (z50 / good-02)))))
    :snt3 (z51 / and
               :op1 (z52 / possible-01
                         :ARG1 (z53 / dilate-01
                                    :ARG0 (z54 / leaf
                                               :mod (z55 / lotus))
                                    :ARG1 (z56 / vessel
                                               :mod (z57 / blood))))
               :op2 (z58 / clear-01
                         :ARG0 z54
                         :ARG1 (z59 / heat))
               :op3 (z60 / relieve-01
                         :ARG0 z54
                         :ARG1 (z61 / heat
                                    :time (z62 / date-entity
                                               :season (z63 / summer))))
               :op4 (z64 / affect-01
                         :ARG0 z54
                         :ARG1 (z65 / lower-05
                                    :ARG0 z54
                                    :ARG1 (z66 / pressure
                                               :mod (z67 / blood))))
               :op5 (z68 / possible-01
                         :ARG1 (z69 / and
                                    :op1 (z70 / dilate-01
                                              :ARG0 (z71 / and
                                                         :op1 (z72 / extract-01
                                                                   :ARG1 (z73 / leaf
                                                                              :mod (z74 / lotus)))
                                                         :op2 (z75 / decoction))
                                              :ARG1 (z76 / vessel
                                                         :mod (z77 / blood)))
                                    :op2 (z78 / relieve-01
                                              :ARG0 z71
                                              :ARG1 (z79 / heat)))
                         :op6 (z80 / affect-01
                                   :ARG0 z42
                                   :ARG1 (z81 / and
                                              :op1 (z82 / dilate-01
                                                        :ARG0 z42
                                                        :ARG1 (z83 / vessel
                                                                   :mod (z84 / blood)))
                                              :op2 (z85 / clear-01
                                                        :ARG0 z42
                                                        :ARG1 z72)))
                         :op7 (z86 / affect-01
                                   :ARG0 z42
                                   :ARG1 (z87 / and
                                              :op1 (z88 / and
                                                        :op1 (z89 / depress-01
                                                                  :ARG0 z42
                                                                  :ARG1 (z90 / patient
                                                                             :ARG0-of (z91 / have-03
                                                                                :ARG1 (z92 / hyperlipidemia))))
                                                        :op2 (z93 / obesity)))
                                   :ARG1-of (z94 / good-02)))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ and(z1) ∧ :op1(z1, z2) ∧ leaf(z2) ∧ :part(z3, z2) ∧ plant(z3) ∧ :wiki(z3, "Taxodium_distichum") ∧ :name(z3, z4) ∧ name(z4) ∧ :op1(z4, "lotus") ∧ :mod(z3, z5) ∧ herb(z5) ∧ :mod(z3, z6) ∧ aquatic(z6) ∧ :mod(z3, z7) ∧ perennial(z7) ∧ :domain(z2, z8) ∧ lotus(z8) ∧ :source(z2, z9) ∧ plant(z9) ∧ :wiki(z9, "Taxodium_distichum") ∧ :name(z9, z10) ∧ name(z10) ∧ :op1(z10, "lotus") ∧ :mod(z9, z11) ∧ herb(z11) ∧ :op2(z1, z12) ∧ constituent(z12) ∧ :mod(z12, z13) ∧ chemical(z13) ∧ :poss(z12, z2) ∧ :domain(z12, z14) ∧ and(z14) ∧ :op1(z14, z15) ∧ nuciferine(z15) ∧ :op2(z14, z16) ∧ citric(z16) ∧ :op3(z14, z17) ∧ malic(z17) ∧ :op4(z14, z18) ∧ gluconic(z18) ∧ :op5(z14, z19) ∧ oxalic(z19) ∧ :op6(z14, z20) ∧ succinic(z20) ∧ :op7(z14, z21) ∧ component(z21) ∧ :mod(z21, z22) ∧ alkaline(z22) ∧ :ARG0(z23, z21) ∧ counter-01(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z24) ∧ methamphetamine(z24) ∧ :mod(z21, z25) ∧ other(z25) ∧ :mod(z14, z26) ∧ main(z26) ∧ :snt2(z0, z27) ∧ contain-01(z27) ∧ :ARG0(z27, z28) ∧ leaf(z28) ∧ :mod(z28, z29) ∧ lotus(z29) ∧ :ARG1(z27, z30) ∧ variety(z30) ∧ :consist(z31, z30) ∧ alkaloid(z31) ∧ :example(z30, z32) ∧ and(z32) ∧ :op1(z32, z33) ∧ glycoside(z33) ∧ :mod(z33, z34) ∧ brass(z34) ∧ :op2(z32, z35) ∧ glycoside(z35) ∧ :mod(z35, z36) ∧ lotus(z36) ∧ :op3(z32, z37) ∧ component(z37) ∧ :mod(z37, z38) ∧ other(z38) ∧ :ARG0(z39, z32) ∧ reduce-01(z39) ∧ :ARG1(z39, z40) ∧ and(z40) ∧ :op1(z40, z41) ∧ cholesterol(z41) ∧ :op2(z40, z42) ∧ triglyceride(z42) ∧ :ARG1(z43, z39) ∧ effective-04(z43) ∧ :ARG0(z44, z32) ∧ affect-01(z44) ∧ :ARG2(z44, z45) ∧ patient(z45) ∧ :ARG0(z46, z45) ∧ have-03(z46) ∧ :ARG1(z46, z47) ∧ and(z47) ∧ :op1(z47, z48) ∧ hyperlipidemia(z48) ∧ :op2(z47, z49) ∧ obesity(z49) ∧ :ARG1(z50, z44) ∧ good-02(z50) ∧ :snt3(z0, z51) ∧ and(z51) ∧ :op1(z51, z52) ∧ possible-01(z52) ∧ :ARG1(z52, z53) ∧ dilate-01(z53) ∧ :ARG0(z53, z54) ∧ leaf(z54) ∧ :mod(z54, z55) ∧ lotus(z55) ∧ :ARG1(z53, z56) ∧ vessel(z56) ∧ :mod(z56, z57) ∧ blood(z57) ∧ :op2(z51, z58) ∧ clear-01(z58) ∧ :ARG0(z58, z54) ∧ :ARG1(z58, z59) ∧ heat(z59) ∧ :op3(z51, z60) ∧ relieve-01(z60) ∧ :ARG0(z60, z54) ∧ :ARG1(z60, z61) ∧ heat(z61) ∧ :time(z61, z62) ∧ date-entity(z62) ∧ :season(z62, z63) ∧ summer(z63) ∧ :op4(z51, z64) ∧ affect-01(z64) ∧ :ARG0(z64, z54) ∧ :ARG1(z64, z65) ∧ lower-05(z65) ∧ :ARG0(z65, z54) ∧ :ARG1(z65, z66) ∧ pressure(z66) ∧ :mod(z66, z67) ∧ blood(z67) ∧ :op5(z51, z68) ∧ possible-01(z68) ∧ :ARG1(z68, z69) ∧ and(z69) ∧ :op1(z69, z70) ∧ dilate-01(z70) ∧ :ARG0(z70, z71) ∧ and(z71) ∧ :op1(z71, z72) ∧ extract-01(z72) ∧ :ARG1(z72, z73) ∧ leaf(z73) ∧ :mod(z73, z74) ∧ lotus(z74) ∧ :op2(z71, z75) ∧ decoction(z75) ∧ :ARG1(z70, z76) ∧ vessel(z76) ∧ :mod(z76, z77) ∧ blood(z77) ∧ :op2(z69, z78) ∧ relieve-01(z78) ∧ :ARG0(z78, z71) ∧ :ARG1(z78, z79) ∧ heat(z79) ∧ :op6(z68, z80) ∧ affect-01(z80) ∧ :ARG0(z80, z42) ∧ :ARG1(z80, z81) ∧ and(z81) ∧ :op1(z81, z82) ∧ dilate-01(z82) ∧ :ARG0(z82, z42) ∧ :ARG1(z82, z83) ∧ vessel(z83) ∧ :mod(z83, z84) ∧ blood(z84) ∧ :op2(z81, z85) ∧ clear-01(z85) ∧ :ARG0(z85, z42) ∧ :ARG1(z85, z72) ∧ :op7(z68, z86) ∧ affect-01(z86) ∧ :ARG0(z86, z42) ∧ :ARG1(z86, z87) ∧ and(z87) ∧ :op1(z87, z88) ∧ and(z88) ∧ :op1(z88, z89) ∧ depress-01(z89) ∧ :ARG0(z89, z42) ∧ :ARG1(z89, z90) ∧ patient(z90) ∧ :ARG0(z91, z90) ∧ have-03(z91) ∧ :ARG1(z91, z92) ∧ hyperlipidemia(z92) ∧ :op2(z88, z93) ∧ obesity(z93) ∧ :ARG1(z94, z86) ∧ good-02(z94)


Public empowerment refers to the active participation of the public and the full expression of their interests in the process of formulation, implementation, evaluation and supervision of public policy, so as to promote the democratization and scientization of the process of public policy.

Question: Which of the following options belongs to public empowerment?

Choices:
- On the eve of Ching Ming Festival's arrival, some members of the public, with the support of the Municipal Civilization Office, set up a civilized sacrificial sweeping website, calling on the public not to set off firecrackers or burn paper money, but to use green and environmentally friendly ways such as virtual flowers and electronic candles.
- After being elected as a deputy to the Municipal people's Congress, Xiao Li, a courier, submitted a bill on how to protect the rights and interests of couriers and promote the healthy development of the express industry on the basis of extensive visits and full investigation.
- A city will hold a hearing on natural gas price adjustment. The relevant departments require all streets and neighborhood committees under their jurisdiction to do a good job in publicity and mobilization and to elect public representatives according to the quota, so as to ensure openness, fairness and impartiality.
- In the process of formulating the development plan of a county in the next five years, the county party committee and the county government solicited a lot of valuable opinions by holding residents' symposiums, expert hearings and other forms.

(z0 / refer-01
    :ARG1 (z1 / empower-01
              :ARG1 (z2 / public))
    :ARG2 (z3 / and
              :op1 (z4 / participate-01
                       :ARG0 z2
                       :ARG1 (z5 / process-02
                                 :ARG1 (z6 / and
                                           :op1 (z7 / formulate-01
                                                    :ARG1 (z8 / policy-01
                                                              :ARG2 z2))
                                           :op2 (z9 / implement-01
                                                    :ARG1 z8)
                                           :op3 (z10 / evaluate-01
                                                     :ARG1 z8)
                                           :op4 (z11 / supervise-01
                                                     :ARG1 z8)))
                       :ARG1-of (z12 / activity-06
                                     :ARG0 z2))
              :op2 (z13 / express-01
                        :ARG0 z2
                        :ARG1 (z14 / interest-01
                                   :ARG1 z2
                                   :ARG2 z5)
                        :ARG1-of (z15 / full-09))
              :purpose (z16 / promote-02
                            :ARG0 z3
                            :ARG1 (z17 / and
                                       :op1 (z18 / democratize-01
                                                 :ARG1 (z19 / process-02
                                                            :ARG1 z8))
                                       :op2 (z20 / scientize-01
                                                 :ARG1 z19)))
              :ARG1-of (z21 / full-09))
    :ARG1-of (z22 / refer-01
                  :ARG2 (z23 / and
                             :op1 (z24 / go-01
                                       :direction (z25 / out))
                             :op2 (z26 / blow-01))))


Since the outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2008, the United States, Japan, Europe and other developed economies have fallen into the dilemma of weak economic growth, and their economic growth has always been significantly lower than the pre-crisis level. According to the secular stagnation theory, this is because the equilibrium real interest rate continues to decline and has fallen into the negative range. The central bank is constrained by the zero zero limit and it is difficult to lower the real interest rate to the equilibrium real interest rate. Therefore, the relatively high real interest rate leads to the continuous suppression of aggregate demand (especially investment demand). That is why, even with zero interest rates in the US, Japan and Europe, output gaps remain negative and recovery is hard to achieve. According to this theory, some argue that China's economy also faces a lack of investment demand and a prolonged period of stagnation.

Question: Which of the following, if true, most refutes the above view?

Choices:
- China's lack of investment demand is mainly reflected in the sharp decline in private investment demand
- China's real interest rate has a wider range of adjustment and is therefore easier to fall to the equilibrium real rate
- Even if the stagnation theory were true, China's equilibrium real interest rate is still greater than zero
- The sharp decline in China's investment growth is at odds with the theory's emphasis on deficient investment demand

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / and
              :op1 (z2 / fall-07
                       :ARG1 (z3 / and
                                 :op1 (z4 / country
                                          :wiki "United_States"
                                          :name (z5 / name
                                                    :op1 "United"
                                                    :op2 "States"))
                                 :op2 (z6 / country
                                          :wiki "Japan"
                                          :name (z7 / name
                                                    :op1 "Japan"))
                                 :op3 (z8 / continent
                                          :wiki "Europe"
                                          :name (z9 / name
                                                    :op1 "Europe"))
                                 :op4 (z10 / economy
                                           :ARG1-of (z11 / develop-02)
                                           :mod (z12 / other)))
                       :ARG2 (z13 / dilemma
                                  :topic (z14 / grow-01
                                              :ARG1 (z15 / economy)
                                              :ARG1-of (z16 / weak-02)))
                       :time (z17 / since
                                  :op1 (z18 / break-out
                                            :ARG1 (z19 / crisis
                                                       :mod (z20 / finance)
                                                       :mod (z21 / globe))
                                            :time (z22 / date-entity
                                                       :year 2008))))
              :op2 (z23 / have-degree-91
                        :ARG1 (z24 / grow-01
                                   :ARG1 (z25 / economy
                                              :poss z3))
                        :ARG2 (z26 / low-04
                                   :ARG1 z24)
                        :ARG3 (z27 / more
                                   :ARG1-of (z28 / significant-02))
                        :ARG4 (z29 / level
                                   :time (z30 / before
                                              :op1 z18))
                        :time (z31 / always))
              :ARG1-of (z32 / say-01
                            :ARG0 (z33 / theory
                                       :topic (z34 / stagnate-01
                                                   :mod (z35 / secular)))))
    :snt2 (z36 / cause-01
               :ARG0 (z37 / and
                          :op1 (z38 / continue-01
                                    :ARG1 (z39 / decline-01
                                               :ARG1 (z40 / rate
                                                          :mod (z41 / interest)
                                                          :ARG1-of (z42 / real-04)
                                                          :mod (z43 / equilibrium))))
                          :op2 (z44 / fall-01
                                    :ARG1 z40
                                    :ARG4 (z45 / range-01
                                               :ARG2 (z46 / negative-02))))
               :ARG1 (z47 / and
                          :op1 (z48 / constrain-01
                                    :ARG0 (z49 / limit
                                               :mod (z50 / zero))
                                    :ARG1 (z51 / bank
                                               :mod (z52 / central)))
                          :op2 (z53 / difficult
                                    :domain (z54 / lower-05
                                                 :ARG1 (z55 / rate
                                                            :mod (z56 / interest)
                                                            :ARG1-of (z57 / real-04))
                                                 :ARG4 (z58 / rate
                                                            :mod (z59 / equilibrium)
                                                            :mod z41)))))
    :snt3 (z60 / cause-01
               :ARG1 (z61 / lead-03
                          :ARG0 (z62 / rate
                                     :ARG1-of (z63 / high-02)
                                     :ARG1-of (z64 / real-04)
                                     :ARG1-of (z65 / relative-05))
                          :ARG2 (z66 / suppress-01
                                     :ARG1 (z67 / demand-01
                                                :ARG1 (z68 / aggregate)
                                                :ARG1-of (z69 / mean-01
                                                              :ARG2 (z70 / demand-01
                                                                         :ARG1 (z71 / invest-01)
                                                                         :mod (z72 / especially))))
                                     :ARG1-of (z73 / continue-01))))
    :snt4 (z74 / cause-01
               :ARG0 (z75 / that)
               :ARG1 (z76 / and
                          :op1 (z77 / remain-01
                                    :ARG1 (z78 / gap
                                               :mod (z79 / output))
                                    :ARG3 (z80 / negative-02))
                          :op2 (z81 / hard-02
                                    :ARG1 (z82 / achieve-01
                                               :ARG1 (z83 / recover-01)))
                          :concession (z84 / even-with
                                           :op1 (z85 / rate
                                                     :mod (z1000 / interest)
                                                     :mod (z1001 / zero)
                                                     :location (z1002 / and
                                                                      :op1 (z1003 / country
                                                                                :wiki "United_States"
                                                                                :name (z1004 / name
                                                                                :op1 "US"))
                                                                      :op2 (z1005 / country
                                                                                :wiki "Japan"
                                                                                :name (z1006 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Japan"))
                                                                      :op3 (z1007 / continent
                                                                                :wiki "Europe"
                                                                                :name (z1008 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Europe")))))))
    :snt5 (z1009 / say-01
                 :ARG0 (z1010 / theory
                              :mod (z1011 / secular))
                 :ARG1 (z1012 / face-01
                              :ARG0 (z1013 / economy
                                           :poss (z1014 / country
                                                        :wiki "China"
                                                        :name (z1015 / name
                                                                     :op1 "China")))
                              :ARG1 (z1016 / and
                                           :op1 (z1017 / lack-01
                                                       :ARG1 (z1018 / demand-01
                                                                    :ARG1 (z1019 / invest-01)))
                                           :op2 (z1020 / period
                                                       :ARG1-of (z1021 / prolong-01)
                                                       :duration-of (z1022 / stagnate-01))
                                           :mod (z1023 / also))))
    :snt6 (z1024 / argue-01
                 :ARG0 (z1025 / some)
                 :ARG1 (z1026 / face-01
                              :ARG0 (z1027 / and
                                           :op1 (z1028 / country
                                                       :wiki "United_States"
                                                       :name (z1029 / name
                                                                    :op1 "United"
                                                                    :op2 "States"))
                                           :op2 (z1030 / country
                                                       :wiki "Japan"
                                                       :name (z86 / name
                                                                  :op1 "Japan"))
                                           :op3 (z87 / continent
                                                     :wiki "Europe"
                                                     :name (z88 / name
                                                                :op1 "Europe")))
                              :ARG1 (z89 / dilemma
                                         :topic (z90 / grow-01
                                                     :ARG1 (z91 / economy)))
                              :time (z92 / since
                                         :op1 (z93 / break-out
                                                   :ARG1 (z94 / crisis
                                                              :mod (z95 / finance)
                                                              :mod (z96 / globe))
                                                   :time (z97 / date-entity
                                                              :year 2008))))
                 :snt7 (z98 / have-degree-91
                            :ARG1 (z99 / grow-01
                                       :ARG1 (z100 / economy
                                                   :poss (z101 / and
                                                               :op1 (z102 / country
                                                                          :wiki "United_States"
                                                                          :name (z1031 / name
                                                                                :op1 "United"
                                                                                :op2 "States"))
                                                               :op2 (z1032 / country
                                                                           :wiki "Japan"
                                                                           :name (z1033 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Japan"))
                                                               :op3 (z1034 / continent
                                                                           :wiki "Europe"
                                                                           :name (z103 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Europe"))))
                                       :ARG1-of (z104 / weak-02))
                            :ARG2 (z105 / low-04
                                        :ARG1 z99
                                        :ARG3 (z106 / more
                                                    :ARG1-of (z1035 / significant-02))
                                        :ARG4 (z1036 / level
                                                     :time (z1037 / before
                                                                  :op1 (z1038 / crisis))))
                            :time (z1039 / always)))
    :snt8 (z1040 / cause-01
                 :ARG0 (z1041 / theory
                              :mod (z1042 / this))
                 :ARG1 (z1043 / and
                              :op1 (z1044 / constrain-01
                                          :ARG1 (z1045 / limit
                                                       :mod (z1046 / zero)))
                              :op2 (z1047 / lower-05
                                          :ARG1 (z1048 / rate
                                                       :mod (z1049 / interest)
                                                       :ARG1-of (z1050 / real-04)
                                                       :ARG1-of (z1051 / real-04)))))
    :snt9 (z1052 / have-degree-91
                 :ARG1 (z1053 / rate
                              :mod (z1054 / rate
                                          :mod (z1055 / interest)
                                          :ARG1-of (z1056 / real-04)
                                          :ARG1-of (z1057 / real-04)
                                          :ARG1-of (z1058 / high-02)
                                          :ARG1-of (z1059 / real-04)))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ and(z1) ∧ :op1(z1, z2) ∧ fall-07(z2) ∧ :ARG1(z2, z3) ∧ and(z3) ∧ :op1(z3, z4) ∧ country(z4) ∧ :wiki(z4, "United_States") ∧ :name(z4, z5) ∧ name(z5) ∧ :op1(z5, "United") ∧ :op2(z5, "States") ∧ :op2(z3, z6) ∧ country(z6) ∧ :wiki(z6, "Japan") ∧ :name(z6, z7) ∧ name(z7) ∧ :op1(z7, "Japan") ∧ :op3(z3, z8) ∧ continent(z8) ∧ :wiki(z8, "Europe") ∧ :name(z8, z9) ∧ name(z9) ∧ :op1(z9, "Europe") ∧ :op4(z3, z10) ∧ economy(z10) ∧ :ARG1(z11, z10) ∧ develop-02(z11) ∧ :mod(z10, z12) ∧ other(z12) ∧ :ARG2(z2, z13) ∧ dilemma(z13) ∧ :topic(z13, z14) ∧ grow-01(z14) ∧ :ARG1(z14, z15) ∧ economy(z15) ∧ :ARG1(z16, z14) ∧ weak-02(z16) ∧ :time(z2, z17) ∧ since(z17) ∧ :op1(z17, z18) ∧ break-out(z18) ∧ :ARG1(z18, z19) ∧ crisis(z19) ∧ :mod(z19, z20) ∧ finance(z20) ∧ :mod(z19, z21) ∧ globe(z21) ∧ :time(z18, z22) ∧ date-entity(z22) ∧ :year(z22, 2008) ∧ :op2(z1, z23) ∧ have-degree-91(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z24) ∧ grow-01(z24) ∧ :ARG1(z24, z25) ∧ economy(z25) ∧ :poss(z25, z3) ∧ :ARG2(z23, z26) ∧ low-04(z26) ∧ :ARG1(z26, z24) ∧ :ARG3(z23, z27) ∧ more(z27) ∧ :ARG1(z28, z27) ∧ significant-02(z28) ∧ :ARG4(z23, z29) ∧ level(z29) ∧ :time(z29, z30) ∧ before(z30) ∧ :op1(z30, z18) ∧ :time(z23, z31) ∧ always(z31) ∧ :ARG1(z32, z1) ∧ say-01(z32) ∧ :ARG0(z32, z33) ∧ theory(z33) ∧ :topic(z33, z34) ∧ stagnate-01(z34) ∧ :mod(z34, z35) ∧ secular(z35) ∧ :snt2(z0, z36) ∧ cause-01(z36) ∧ :ARG0(z36, z37) ∧ and(z37) ∧ :op1(z37, z38) ∧ continue-01(z38) ∧ :ARG1(z38, z39) ∧ decline-01(z39) ∧ :ARG1(z39, z40) ∧ rate(z40) ∧ :mod(z40, z41) ∧ interest(z41) ∧ :ARG1(z42, z40) ∧ real-04(z42) ∧ :mod(z40, z43) ∧ equilibrium(z43) ∧ :op2(z37, z44) ∧ fall-01(z44) ∧ :ARG1(z44, z40) ∧ :ARG4(z44, z45) ∧ range-01(z45) ∧ :ARG2(z45, z46) ∧ negative-02(z46) ∧ :ARG1(z36, z47) ∧ and(z47) ∧ :op1(z47, z48) ∧ constrain-01(z48) ∧ :ARG0(z48, z49) ∧ limit(z49) ∧ :mod(z49, z50) ∧ zero(z50) ∧ :ARG1(z48, z51) ∧ bank(z51) ∧ :mod(z51, z52) ∧ central(z52) ∧ :op2(z47, z53) ∧ difficult(z53) ∧ :domain(z53, z54) ∧ lower-05(z54) ∧ :ARG1(z54, z55) ∧ rate(z55) ∧ :mod(z55, z56) ∧ interest(z56) ∧ :ARG1(z57, z55) ∧ real-04(z57) ∧ :ARG4(z54, z58) ∧ rate(z58) ∧ :mod(z58, z59) ∧ equilibrium(z59) ∧ :mod(z58, z41) ∧ :snt3(z0, z60) ∧ cause-01(z60) ∧ :ARG1(z60, z61) ∧ lead-03(z61) ∧ :ARG0(z61, z62) ∧ rate(z62) ∧ :ARG1(z63, z62) ∧ high-02(z63) ∧ :ARG1(z64, z62) ∧ real-04(z64) ∧ :ARG1(z65, z62) ∧ relative-05(z65) ∧ :ARG2(z61, z66) ∧ suppress-01(z66) ∧ :ARG1(z66, z67) ∧ demand-01(z67) ∧ :ARG1(z67, z68) ∧ aggregate(z68) ∧ :ARG1(z69, z67) ∧ mean-01(z69) ∧ :ARG2(z69, z70) ∧ demand-01(z70) ∧ :ARG1(z70, z71) ∧ invest-01(z71) ∧ :mod(z70, z72) ∧ especially(z72) ∧ :ARG1(z73, z66) ∧ continue-01(z73) ∧ :snt4(z0, z74) ∧ cause-01(z74) ∧ :ARG0(z74, z75) ∧ that(z75) ∧ :ARG1(z74, z76) ∧ and(z76) ∧ :op1(z76, z77) ∧ remain-01(z77) ∧ :ARG1(z77, z78) ∧ gap(z78) ∧ :mod(z78, z79) ∧ output(z79) ∧ :ARG3(z77, z80) ∧ negative-02(z80) ∧ :op2(z76, z81) ∧ hard-02(z81) ∧ :ARG1(z81, z82) ∧ achieve-01(z82) ∧ :ARG1(z82, z83) ∧ recover-01(z83) ∧ :concession(z76, z84) ∧ even-with(z84) ∧ :op1(z84, z85) ∧ rate(z85) ∧ :mod(z85, z1000) ∧ interest(z1000) ∧ :mod(z85, z1001) ∧ zero(z1001) ∧ :location(z85, z1002) ∧ and(z1002) ∧ :op1(z1002, z1003) ∧ country(z1003) ∧ :wiki(z1003, "United_States") ∧ :name(z1003, z1004) ∧ name(z1004) ∧ :op1(z1004, "US") ∧ :op2(z1002, z1005) ∧ country(z1005) ∧ :wiki(z1005, "Japan") ∧ :name(z1005, z1006) ∧ name(z1006) ∧ :op1(z1006, "Japan") ∧ :op3(z1002, z1007) ∧ continent(z1007) ∧ :wiki(z1007, "Europe") ∧ :name(z1007, z1008) ∧ name(z1008) ∧ :op1(z1008, "Europe") ∧ :snt5(z0, z1009) ∧ say-01(z1009) ∧ :ARG0(z1009, z1010) ∧ theory(z1010) ∧ :mod(z1010, z1011) ∧ secular(z1011) ∧ :ARG1(z1009, z1012) ∧ face-01(z1012) ∧ :ARG0(z1012, z1013) ∧ economy(z1013) ∧ :poss(z1013, z1014) ∧ country(z1014) ∧ :wiki(z1014, "China") ∧ :name(z1014, z1015) ∧ name(z1015) ∧ :op1(z1015, "China") ∧ :ARG1(z1012, z1016) ∧ and(z1016) ∧ :op1(z1016, z1017) ∧ lack-01(z1017) ∧ :ARG1(z1017, z1018) ∧ demand-01(z1018) ∧ :ARG1(z1018, z1019) ∧ invest-01(z1019) ∧ :op2(z1016, z1020) ∧ period(z1020) ∧ :ARG1(z1021, z1020) ∧ prolong-01(z1021) ∧ :duration(z1022, z1020) ∧ stagnate-01(z1022) ∧ :mod(z1016, z1023) ∧ also(z1023) ∧ :snt6(z0, z1024) ∧ argue-01(z1024) ∧ :ARG0(z1024, z1025) ∧ some(z1025) ∧ :ARG1(z1024, z1026) ∧ face-01(z1026) ∧ :ARG0(z1026, z1027) ∧ and(z1027) ∧ :op1(z1027, z1028) ∧ country(z1028) ∧ :wiki(z1028, "United_States") ∧ :name(z1028, z1029) ∧ name(z1029) ∧ :op1(z1029, "United") ∧ :op2(z1029, "States") ∧ :op2(z1027, z1030) ∧ country(z1030) ∧ :wiki(z1030, "Japan") ∧ :name(z1030, z86) ∧ name(z86) ∧ :op1(z86, "Japan") ∧ :op3(z1027, z87) ∧ continent(z87) ∧ :wiki(z87, "Europe") ∧ :name(z87, z88) ∧ name(z88) ∧ :op1(z88, "Europe") ∧ :ARG1(z1026, z89) ∧ dilemma(z89) ∧ :topic(z89, z90) ∧ grow-01(z90) ∧ :ARG1(z90, z91) ∧ economy(z91) ∧ :time(z1026, z92) ∧ since(z92) ∧ :op1(z92, z93) ∧ break-out(z93) ∧ :ARG1(z93, z94) ∧ crisis(z94) ∧ :mod(z94, z95) ∧ finance(z95) ∧ :mod(z94, z96) ∧ globe(z96) ∧ :time(z93, z97) ∧ date-entity(z97) ∧ :year(z97, 2008) ∧ :snt7(z1024, z98) ∧ have-degree-91(z98) ∧ :ARG1(z98, z99) ∧ grow-01(z99) ∧ :ARG1(z99, z100) ∧ economy(z100) ∧ :poss(z100, z101) ∧ and(z101) ∧ :op1(z101, z102) ∧ country(z102) ∧ :wiki(z102, "United_States") ∧ :name(z102, z1031) ∧ name(z1031) ∧ :op1(z1031, "United") ∧ :op2(z1031, "States") ∧ :op2(z101, z1032) ∧ country(z1032) ∧ :wiki(z1032, "Japan") ∧ :name(z1032, z1033) ∧ name(z1033) ∧ :op1(z1033, "Japan") ∧ :op3(z101, z1034) ∧ continent(z1034) ∧ :wiki(z1034, "Europe") ∧ :name(z1034, z103) ∧ name(z103) ∧ :op1(z103, "Europe") ∧ :ARG1(z104, z99) ∧ weak-02(z104) ∧ :ARG2(z98, z105) ∧ low-04(z105) ∧ :ARG1(z105, z99) ∧ :ARG3(z105, z106) ∧ more(z106) ∧ :ARG1(z1035, z106) ∧ significant-02(z1035) ∧ :ARG4(z105, z1036) ∧ level(z1036) ∧ :time(z1036, z1037) ∧ before(z1037) ∧ :op1(z1037, z1038) ∧ crisis(z1038) ∧ :time(z98, z1039) ∧ always(z1039) ∧ :snt8(z0, z1040) ∧ cause-01(z1040) ∧ :ARG0(z1040, z1041) ∧ theory(z1041) ∧ :mod(z1041, z1042) ∧ this(z1042) ∧ :ARG1(z1040, z1043) ∧ and(z1043) ∧ :op1(z1043, z1044) ∧ constrain-01(z1044) ∧ :ARG1(z1044, z1045) ∧ limit(z1045) ∧ :mod(z1045, z1046) ∧ zero(z1046) ∧ :op2(z1043, z1047) ∧ lower-05(z1047) ∧ :ARG1(z1047, z1048) ∧ rate(z1048) ∧ :mod(z1048, z1049) ∧ interest(z1049) ∧ :ARG1(z1050, z1048) ∧ real-04(z1050) ∧ :ARG1(z1051, z1048) ∧ real-04(z1051) ∧ :snt9(z0, z1052) ∧ have-degree-91(z1052) ∧ :ARG1(z1052, z1053) ∧ rate(z1053) ∧ :mod(z1053, z1054) ∧ rate(z1054) ∧ :mod(z1054, z1055) ∧ interest(z1055) ∧ :ARG1(z1056, z1054) ∧ real-04(z1056) ∧ :ARG1(z1057, z1054) ∧ real-04(z1057) ∧ :ARG1(z1058, z1054) ∧ high-02(z1058) ∧ :ARG1(z1059, z1054) ∧ real-04(z1059)


Columbus voyaged to discover the New American Continent, which promoted the process of modern history. Some 50,000 years ago, hunter-gatherers from northern Asia crossed the ice age frozen Bering Strait into America. Recently, scholars claimed to have evidence that Ming dynasty navigator Zheng He discovered the Americas 72 years before Columbus.

Question: Which of the following can be inferred?

Choices:
- After the nomads of Asia, Columbus's discovery made little sense.
- Even if Zheng He's arrival in America is confirmed, it won't be as significant as Columbus's.
- The abovementioned scholars tried to overturn the history of the Asian nomads who first arrived in America.
- If Zheng He's trip to America is confirmed, Zheng He's achievement may be above Columbus's.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / voyage-01
              :ARG0 (z2 / person
                        :wiki "Christopher_Columbus"
                        :name (z3 / name
                                  :op1 "Columbus"))
              :purpose (z4 / discover-01
                           :ARG0 z2
                           :ARG1 (z5 / continent
                                     :wiki "New_Americas"
                                     :name (z6 / name
                                               :op1 "New"
                                               :op2 "America"
                                               :op3 "Continent")
                                     :ARG0-of (z7 / promote-02
                                                  :ARG1 (z8 / process-02
                                                            :ARG1 (z9 / history
                                                                      :ARG1-of (z10 / modern-02)))))))
    :snt2 (z11 / cross-02
               :ARG0 (z12 / person
                          :ARG0-of (z13 / hunt-01)
                          :source (z14 / world-region
                                       :wiki "Northern_Asia"
                                       :name (z15 / name
                                                  :op1 "Northern"
                                                  :op2 "Asia"))
                          :ARG0-of (z16 / hunt-01))
               :ARG1 (z17 / strait
                          :wiki "Bering_Strait"
                          :name (z18 / name
                                     :op1 "Bering"
                                     :op2 "Strait")
                          :ARG1-of (z19 / freeze-01)
                          :mod (z20 / ice))
               :destination (z21 / continent
                                 :wiki "Americas"
                                 :name (z22 / name
                                            :op1 "America"))
               :time (z23 / before
                          :op1 (z24 / discover-01
                                    :ARG0 z2
                                    :ARG1 z21)
                          :quant (z25 / temporal-quantity
                                      :quant 72
                                      :unit (z26 / year))))
    :snt3 (z27 / claim-01
               :ARG0 (z28 / scholar)
               :ARG1 (z29 / have-03
                          :ARG0 z28
                          :ARG1 (z30 / evidence-01
                                     :ARG1 (z31 / discover-01
                                                :ARG0 (z32 / person
                                                           :wiki "Zheng_He"
                                                           :name (z33 / name
                                                                      :op1 "Zheng"
                                                                      :op2 "He")
                                                           :ARG0-of (z34 / have-org-role-91
                                                                         :ARG1 (z35 / dynasty
                                                                                :wiki "Ming_dynasty"
                                                                                :name (z36 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Ming"
                                                                                :op2 "Dynasty"))
                                                                         :ARG2 (z37 / navigator)))
                                                :ARG1 z21
                                                :time (z38 / before
                                                           :op1 (z39 / person
                                                                     :wiki "Christopher_Columbus"
                                                                     :name (z40 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Columbus"))
                                                           :quant (z41 / temporal-quantity
                                                                       :quant 72
                                                                       :unit (z42 / year))))))
               :time (z43 / recent))
    :snt4 (z44 / cross-02
               :ARG0 (z45 / person
                          :ARG0-of (z46 / hunt-01)
                          :source (z47 / continent
                                       :wiki "Asia"
                                       :name (z48 / name
                                                  :op1 "Asia")))
               :ARG1 (z49 / continent
                          :wiki "Americas"
                          :name (z50 / name
                                     :op1 "America"))
               :time (z51 / before
                          :op1 (z52 / age-01
                                    :ARG1 z45
                                    :ARG2 (z53 / temporal-quantity
                                               :quant 50000
                                               :unit (z54 / year))))
               :direction (z55 / into
                               :op1 (z56 / continent
                                         :wiki "Americas"
                                         :name (z57 / name
                                                    :op1 "America"))))
    :snt5 (z58 / be-temporally-at-91
               :ARG1 (z59 / cross-02
                          :ARG0 (z60 / person
                                     :ARG0-of (z61 / hunt-01)
                                     :source (z62 / north
                                                  :part-of (z63 / continent
                                                                :wiki "Asia"
                                                                :name (z64 / name
                                                                           :op1 "Asia"))))
                          :ARG1 (z65 / strait
                                     :wiki "Bering_Strait"
                                     :name (z66 / name
                                                :op1 "Bering"
                                                :op2 "Strait")
                                     :ARG1-of (z67 / freeze-01)
                                     :mod (z68 / ice))
                          :time (z69 / before
                                     :op1 (z70 / age-01
                                               :ARG1 z45
                                               :ARG2 (z71 / temporal-quantity
                                                          :quant 72
                                                          :unit (z72 / year))))))
    :snt6 (z73 / age-01
               :ARG1 (z74 / person
                          :wiki "Christopher_Columbus"
                          :name (z75 / name
                                     :op1 "Columbus"))
               :ARG2 (z76 / age-01
                          :ARG1 z74
                          :ARG2 (z77 / temporal-quantity
                                     :quant 1
                                     :unit (z78 / year))))
    :snt7 (z79 / claim-01
               :ARG0 (z80 / scholar)
               :ARG1 (z81 / have-03
                          :ARG0 z80
                          :ARG1 (z82 / evidence-01
                                     :ARG1 (z83 / discover-01
                                                :ARG0 (z84 / person
                                                           :wiki "Zheng_He"
                                                           :name (z85 / name
                                                                      :op1 "Zheng"
                                                                      :op2 "He")
                                                           :ARG0-of (z86 / navigate-01)
                                                           :time (z87 / before
                                                                      :op1 (z88 / person
                                                                                :wiki "Christopher_Columbus"
                                                                                :name (z89 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Columbus")))))))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ voyage-01(z1) ∧ :ARG0(z1, z2) ∧ person(z2) ∧ :wiki(z2, "Christopher_Columbus") ∧ :name(z2, z3) ∧ name(z3) ∧ :op1(z3, "Columbus") ∧ :purpose(z1, z4) ∧ discover-01(z4) ∧ :ARG0(z4, z2) ∧ :ARG1(z4, z5) ∧ continent(z5) ∧ :wiki(z5, "New_Americas") ∧ :name(z5, z6) ∧ name(z6) ∧ :op1(z6, "New") ∧ :op2(z6, "America") ∧ :op3(z6, "Continent") ∧ :ARG0(z7, z5) ∧ promote-02(z7) ∧ :ARG1(z7, z8) ∧ process-02(z8) ∧ :ARG1(z8, z9) ∧ history(z9) ∧ :ARG1(z10, z9) ∧ modern-02(z10) ∧ :snt2(z0, z11) ∧ cross-02(z11) ∧ :ARG0(z11, z12) ∧ person(z12) ∧ :ARG0(z13, z12) ∧ hunt-01(z13) ∧ :source(z12, z14) ∧ world-region(z14) ∧ :wiki(z14, "Northern_Asia") ∧ :name(z14, z15) ∧ name(z15) ∧ :op1(z15, "Northern") ∧ :op2(z15, "Asia") ∧ :ARG0(z16, z12) ∧ hunt-01(z16) ∧ :ARG1(z11, z17) ∧ strait(z17) ∧ :wiki(z17, "Bering_Strait") ∧ :name(z17, z18) ∧ name(z18) ∧ :op1(z18, "Bering") ∧ :op2(z18, "Strait") ∧ :ARG1(z19, z17) ∧ freeze-01(z19) ∧ :mod(z17, z20) ∧ ice(z20) ∧ :destination(z11, z21) ∧ continent(z21) ∧ :wiki(z21, "Americas") ∧ :name(z21, z22) ∧ name(z22) ∧ :op1(z22, "America") ∧ :time(z11, z23) ∧ before(z23) ∧ :op1(z23, z24) ∧ discover-01(z24) ∧ :ARG0(z24, z2) ∧ :ARG1(z24, z21) ∧ :quant(z23, z25) ∧ temporal-quantity(z25) ∧ :quant(z25, 72) ∧ :unit(z25, z26) ∧ year(z26) ∧ :snt3(z0, z27) ∧ claim-01(z27) ∧ :ARG0(z27, z28) ∧ scholar(z28) ∧ :ARG1(z27, z29) ∧ have-03(z29) ∧ :ARG0(z29, z28) ∧ :ARG1(z29, z30) ∧ evidence-01(z30) ∧ :ARG1(z30, z31) ∧ discover-01(z31) ∧ :ARG0(z31, z32) ∧ person(z32) ∧ :wiki(z32, "Zheng_He") ∧ :name(z32, z33) ∧ name(z33) ∧ :op1(z33, "Zheng") ∧ :op2(z33, "He") ∧ :ARG0(z34, z32) ∧ have-org-role-91(z34) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z35) ∧ dynasty(z35) ∧ :wiki(z35, "Ming_dynasty") ∧ :name(z35, z36) ∧ name(z36) ∧ :op1(z36, "Ming") ∧ :op2(z36, "Dynasty") ∧ :ARG2(z34, z37) ∧ navigator(z37) ∧ :ARG1(z31, z21) ∧ :time(z31, z38) ∧ before(z38) ∧ :op1(z38, z39) ∧ person(z39) ∧ :wiki(z39, "Christopher_Columbus") ∧ :name(z39, z40) ∧ name(z40) ∧ :op1(z40, "Columbus") ∧ :quant(z38, z41) ∧ temporal-quantity(z41) ∧ :quant(z41, 72) ∧ :unit(z41, z42) ∧ year(z42) ∧ :time(z27, z43) ∧ recent(z43) ∧ :snt4(z0, z44) ∧ cross-02(z44) ∧ :ARG0(z44, z45) ∧ person(z45) ∧ :ARG0(z46, z45) ∧ hunt-01(z46) ∧ :source(z45, z47) ∧ continent(z47) ∧ :wiki(z47, "Asia") ∧ :name(z47, z48) ∧ name(z48) ∧ :op1(z48, "Asia") ∧ :ARG1(z44, z49) ∧ continent(z49) ∧ :wiki(z49, "Americas") ∧ :name(z49, z50) ∧ name(z50) ∧ :op1(z50, "America") ∧ :time(z44, z51) ∧ before(z51) ∧ :op1(z51, z52) ∧ age-01(z52) ∧ :ARG1(z52, z45) ∧ :ARG2(z52, z53) ∧ temporal-quantity(z53) ∧ :quant(z53, 50000) ∧ :unit(z53, z54) ∧ year(z54) ∧ :direction(z44, z55) ∧ into(z55) ∧ :op1(z55, z56) ∧ continent(z56) ∧ :wiki(z56, "Americas") ∧ :name(z56, z57) ∧ name(z57) ∧ :op1(z57, "America") ∧ :snt5(z0, z58) ∧ be-temporally-at-91(z58) ∧ :ARG1(z58, z59) ∧ cross-02(z59) ∧ :ARG0(z59, z60) ∧ person(z60) ∧ :ARG0(z61, z60) ∧ hunt-01(z61) ∧ :source(z60, z62) ∧ north(z62) ∧ :part(z63, z62) ∧ continent(z63) ∧ :wiki(z63, "Asia") ∧ :name(z63, z64) ∧ name(z64) ∧ :op1(z64, "Asia") ∧ :ARG1(z59, z65) ∧ strait(z65) ∧ :wiki(z65, "Bering_Strait") ∧ :name(z65, z66) ∧ name(z66) ∧ :op1(z66, "Bering") ∧ :op2(z66, "Strait") ∧ :ARG1(z67, z65) ∧ freeze-01(z67) ∧ :mod(z65, z68) ∧ ice(z68) ∧ :time(z59, z69) ∧ before(z69) ∧ :op1(z69, z70) ∧ age-01(z70) ∧ :ARG1(z70, z45) ∧ :ARG2(z70, z71) ∧ temporal-quantity(z71) ∧ :quant(z71, 72) ∧ :unit(z71, z72) ∧ year(z72) ∧ :snt6(z0, z73) ∧ age-01(z73) ∧ :ARG1(z73, z74) ∧ person(z74) ∧ :wiki(z74, "Christopher_Columbus") ∧ :name(z74, z75) ∧ name(z75) ∧ :op1(z75, "Columbus") ∧ :ARG2(z73, z76) ∧ age-01(z76) ∧ :ARG1(z76, z74) ∧ :ARG2(z76, z77) ∧ temporal-quantity(z77) ∧ :quant(z77, 1) ∧ :unit(z77, z78) ∧ year(z78) ∧ :snt7(z0, z79) ∧ claim-01(z79) ∧ :ARG0(z79, z80) ∧ scholar(z80) ∧ :ARG1(z79, z81) ∧ have-03(z81) ∧ :ARG0(z81, z80) ∧ :ARG1(z81, z82) ∧ evidence-01(z82) ∧ :ARG1(z82, z83) ∧ discover-01(z83) ∧ :ARG0(z83, z84) ∧ person(z84) ∧ :wiki(z84, "Zheng_He") ∧ :name(z84, z85) ∧ name(z85) ∧ :op1(z85, "Zheng") ∧ :op2(z85, "He") ∧ :ARG0(z86, z84) ∧ navigate-01(z86) ∧ :time(z84, z87) ∧ before(z87) ∧ :op1(z87, z88) ∧ person(z88) ∧ :wiki(z88, "Christopher_Columbus") ∧ :name(z88, z89) ∧ name(z89) ∧ :op1(z89, "Columbus")


Debate coach: Britta' s command of the historical facts was better than Robert' s, and that led to the distinct impression that Britta won the debate. But it' s also important to evaluate how reasonable the debaters arguments were, regardless of their ability to bring the facts to bear in those arguments. When you take that into consideration, Robert' s debate performance was as good as Britta' s.

Question: The debate coach's argument depends on the assumption that

Choices:
- winning a debate requires having a good command of the facts
- Robert's arguments were more reasonable than Britta' s
- Britta's arguments were quite unreasonable
- good debate performances require very reasonable arguments

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / say-01
              :ARG0 (z2 / person
                        :ARG0-of (z3 / coach-01
                                     :ARG2 (z4 / debate-01)))
              :ARG1 (z5 / and
                        :op1 (z6 / have-degree-91
                                 :ARG1 (z7 / command-02
                                           :ARG0 (z8 / person
                                                     :wiki "Britta_Gingrich"
                                                     :name (z9 / name
                                                               :op1 "Britta"))
                                           :ARG1 (z10 / fact
                                                      :mod (z11 / history)))
                                 :ARG2 (z12 / good-02
                                            :ARG1 z7)
                                 :ARG3 (z13 / more)
                                 :ARG4 (z14 / command-02
                                            :ARG0 (z15 / person
                                                       :wiki -
                                                       :name (z16 / name
                                                                  :op1 "Robert"))
                                            :ARG1 z10))
                        :op2 (z17 / lead-03
                                  :ARG0 z7
                                  :ARG2 (z18 / impression-03
                                             :ARG1 (z19 / win-01
                                                        :ARG0 z8
                                                        :ARG2 z4)
                                             :mod (z20 / distinct)))))
    :snt2 (z21 / important-01
               :ARG1 (z22 / evaluate-01
                          :ARG1 (z23 / reasonable-02
                                     :ARG1 (z24 / argue-01
                                                :ARG0 (z25 / person
                                                           :ARG0-of (z26 / debate-01)))
                                     :ARG2-of (z27 / have-degree-91
                                                   :ARG1 z24
                                                   :ARG3 (z28 / so)))
                          :ARG1-of (z29 / regardless-91
                                        :ARG2 (z30 / capable-01
                                                   :ARG1 z25
                                                   :ARG2 (z31 / bring-01
                                                              :ARG0 z25
                                                              :ARG1 (z32 / fact)
                                                              :ARG2 (z33 / bear-01
                                                                         :ARG0 z32
                                                                         :ARG1 z32)))))
               :mod (z34 / also))
    :snt3 (z35 / important-01
               :ARG1 (z36 / evaluate-01
                          :ARG1 (z37 / reasonable-02
                                     :ARG1 (z38 / argue-01
                                                :ARG0 (z39 / person
                                                           :ARG0-of (z40 / debate-01)))
                                     :ARG2-of (z41 / have-degree-91
                                                   :ARG1 z38
                                                   :ARG3 (z42 / so)))))
    :snt4 (z43 / have-degree-91
               :ARG1 (z44 / perform-01
                          :ARG0 (z45 / person
                                     :wiki -
                                     :name (z46 / name
                                                :op1 "Robert"))
                          :ARG1 (z47 / debate-01))
               :ARG2 (z48 / good-02
                          :ARG1 z44)
               :ARG3 (z49 / equal)
               :ARG4 (z50 / perform-01
                          :ARG0 (z51 / person
                                     :wiki "Britta_Gingrich"
                                     :name (z52 / name
                                                :op1 "Britta"))
                          :ARG1 z47)
               :condition (z53 / consider-02
                               :ARG0 (z54 / you)
                               :ARG1 (z55 / that)))
    :snt5 (z56 / have-degree-91
               :ARG1 (z57 / perform-01
                          :ARG0 (z58 / person
                                     :wiki -
                                     :name (z59 / name
                                                :op1 "Robert"))
                          :ARG1 (z60 / debate-01))
               :ARG2 (z61 / good-02
                          :ARG1 z57)
               :ARG3 (z62 / equal)
               :ARG4 (z63 / perform-01
                          :ARG0 (z64 / person
                                     :wiki "Britta_Gingrich"
                                     :name (z65 / name
                                                :op1 "Britta"))
                          :ARG1 (z66 / debate-01)))
    :snt6 (z67 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z68 / have-degree-91
                          :ARG1 (z69 / perform-01
                                     :ARG0 (z70 / person
                                                :wiki "Robert_Gingrich"
                                                :name (z71 / name
                                                           :op1 "Robert"))
                                     :ARG1 (z72 / debate-01))
                          :ARG2 (z73 / good-02
                                     :ARG1 z69)
                          :ARG3 (z74 / equal)
                          :ARG4 (z75 / perform-02
                                     :ARG0 (z76 / person
                                                :wiki "Britta_Gingrich"
                                                :name (z77 / name
                                                           :op1 "Britta"))
                                     :ARG1 (z78 / debate-01))))
    :ARG2 (z79 / take-01
               :ARG0 (z80 / you)
               :ARG1 (z81 / that)
               :ARG3 (z82 / into
                          :op1 (z83 / consider-02
                                    :ARG0 z80
                                    :ARG1 z81))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ say-01(z1) ∧ :ARG0(z1, z2) ∧ person(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z3, z2) ∧ coach-01(z3) ∧ :ARG2(z3, z4) ∧ debate-01(z4) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z5) ∧ and(z5) ∧ :op1(z5, z6) ∧ have-degree-91(z6) ∧ :ARG1(z6, z7) ∧ command-02(z7) ∧ :ARG0(z7, z8) ∧ person(z8) ∧ :wiki(z8, "Britta_Gingrich") ∧ :name(z8, z9) ∧ name(z9) ∧ :op1(z9, "Britta") ∧ :ARG1(z7, z10) ∧ fact(z10) ∧ :mod(z10, z11) ∧ history(z11) ∧ :ARG2(z6, z12) ∧ good-02(z12) ∧ :ARG1(z12, z7) ∧ :ARG3(z6, z13) ∧ more(z13) ∧ :ARG4(z6, z14) ∧ command-02(z14) ∧ :ARG0(z14, z15) ∧ person(z15) ∧ :wiki(z15, -) ∧ :name(z15, z16) ∧ name(z16) ∧ :op1(z16, "Robert") ∧ :ARG1(z14, z10) ∧ :op2(z5, z17) ∧ lead-03(z17) ∧ :ARG0(z17, z7) ∧ :ARG2(z17, z18) ∧ impression-03(z18) ∧ :ARG1(z18, z19) ∧ win-01(z19) ∧ :ARG0(z19, z8) ∧ :ARG2(z19, z4) ∧ :mod(z18, z20) ∧ distinct(z20) ∧ :snt2(z0, z21) ∧ important-01(z21) ∧ :ARG1(z21, z22) ∧ evaluate-01(z22) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z23) ∧ reasonable-02(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z24) ∧ argue-01(z24) ∧ :ARG0(z24, z25) ∧ person(z25) ∧ :ARG0(z26, z25) ∧ debate-01(z26) ∧ :ARG2(z27, z23) ∧ have-degree-91(z27) ∧ :ARG1(z27, z24) ∧ :ARG3(z27, z28) ∧ so(z28) ∧ :ARG1(z29, z22) ∧ regardless-91(z29) ∧ :ARG2(z29, z30) ∧ capable-01(z30) ∧ :ARG1(z30, z25) ∧ :ARG2(z30, z31) ∧ bring-01(z31) ∧ :ARG0(z31, z25) ∧ :ARG1(z31, z32) ∧ fact(z32) ∧ :ARG2(z31, z33) ∧ bear-01(z33) ∧ :ARG0(z33, z32) ∧ :ARG1(z33, z32) ∧ :mod(z21, z34) ∧ also(z34) ∧ :snt3(z0, z35) ∧ important-01(z35) ∧ :ARG1(z35, z36) ∧ evaluate-01(z36) ∧ :ARG1(z36, z37) ∧ reasonable-02(z37) ∧ :ARG1(z37, z38) ∧ argue-01(z38) ∧ :ARG0(z38, z39) ∧ person(z39) ∧ :ARG0(z40, z39) ∧ debate-01(z40) ∧ :ARG2(z41, z37) ∧ have-degree-91(z41) ∧ :ARG1(z41, z38) ∧ :ARG3(z41, z42) ∧ so(z42) ∧ :snt4(z0, z43) ∧ :condition(z43, z53) ∧ consider-02(z53) ∧ :ARG0(z53, z54) ∧ you(z54) ∧ :ARG1(z53, z55) ∧ that(z55) ∧ have-degree-91(z43) ∧ :ARG1(z43, z44) ∧ perform-01(z44) ∧ :ARG0(z44, z45) ∧ person(z45) ∧ :wiki(z45, -) ∧ :name(z45, z46) ∧ name(z46) ∧ :op1(z46, "Robert") ∧ :ARG1(z44, z47) ∧ debate-01(z47) ∧ :ARG2(z43, z48) ∧ good-02(z48) ∧ :ARG1(z48, z44) ∧ :ARG3(z43, z49) ∧ equal(z49) ∧ :ARG4(z43, z50) ∧ perform-01(z50) ∧ :ARG0(z50, z51) ∧ person(z51) ∧ :wiki(z51, "Britta_Gingrich") ∧ :name(z51, z52) ∧ name(z52) ∧ :op1(z52, "Britta") ∧ :ARG1(z50, z47) ∧ :snt5(z0, z56) ∧ have-degree-91(z56) ∧ :ARG1(z56, z57) ∧ perform-01(z57) ∧ :ARG0(z57, z58) ∧ person(z58) ∧ :wiki(z58, -) ∧ :name(z58, z59) ∧ name(z59) ∧ :op1(z59, "Robert") ∧ :ARG1(z57, z60) ∧ debate-01(z60) ∧ :ARG2(z56, z61) ∧ good-02(z61) ∧ :ARG1(z61, z57) ∧ :ARG3(z56, z62) ∧ equal(z62) ∧ :ARG4(z56, z63) ∧ perform-01(z63) ∧ :ARG0(z63, z64) ∧ person(z64) ∧ :wiki(z64, "Britta_Gingrich") ∧ :name(z64, z65) ∧ name(z65) ∧ :op1(z65, "Britta") ∧ :ARG1(z63, z66) ∧ debate-01(z66) ∧ :snt6(z0, z67) ∧ have-concession-91(z67) ∧ :ARG1(z67, z68) ∧ have-degree-91(z68) ∧ :ARG1(z68, z69) ∧ perform-01(z69) ∧ :ARG0(z69, z70) ∧ person(z70) ∧ :wiki(z70, "Robert_Gingrich") ∧ :name(z70, z71) ∧ name(z71) ∧ :op1(z71, "Robert") ∧ :ARG1(z69, z72) ∧ debate-01(z72) ∧ :ARG2(z68, z73) ∧ good-02(z73) ∧ :ARG1(z73, z69) ∧ :ARG3(z68, z74) ∧ equal(z74) ∧ :ARG4(z68, z75) ∧ perform-02(z75) ∧ :ARG0(z75, z76) ∧ person(z76) ∧ :wiki(z76, "Britta_Gingrich") ∧ :name(z76, z77) ∧ name(z77) ∧ :op1(z77, "Britta") ∧ :ARG1(z75, z78) ∧ debate-01(z78) ∧ :ARG2(z0, z79) ∧ take-01(z79) ∧ :ARG0(z79, z80) ∧ you(z80) ∧ :ARG1(z79, z81) ∧ that(z81) ∧ :ARG3(z79, z82) ∧ into(z82) ∧ :op1(z82, z83) ∧ consider-02(z83) ∧ :ARG0(z83, z80) ∧ :ARG1(z83, z81)


In a go competition, the contestant Chen Hua squeezed his knuckles from time to time, and the sound interfered with the opponent's thinking. During the interval between the closures of the game, the referee warned Chen Hua that if he squeezed his knuckles and made a sound again during the game, he would be ruled against the rules. In response, Chen Hua retorted that squeezing his knuckles was habitual and not intentional, so he should not be convicted of violating the rules.

Question: Which of the following, if true, can best support Chen Hua's rebuttal to the referee?

Choices:
- In this competition, the opponent opened and closed the folding fan from time to time, and the sound disturbed Chen Hua's thinking
- In the go match, only the player's deliberate behavior can become the basis for punishment
- In this competition, the opponent himself did not protest against Chen Hua's interference
- Chen Hua has always been arrogant, and the referee has long been dissatisfied with him

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / and
              :op1 (z2 / squeeze-01
                       :ARG0 (z3 / person
                                 :wiki -
                                 :name (z4 / name
                                           :op1 "Chen"
                                           :op2 "Hua")
                                 :ARG0-of (z5 / compete-01
                                              :ARG3 (z6 / go-01)))
                       :ARG1 (z7 / knuckle
                                 :part-of z3)
                       :frequency (z8 / time-to-time)
                       :subevent-of (z9 / compete-01
                                        :ARG0 z3
                                        :ARG3 z6))
              :op2 (z10 / interfere-01
                        :ARG0 (z11 / sound)
                        :ARG1 (z12 / think-01
                                   :ARG0 (z13 / person
                                              :ARG0-of (z14 / oppose-01
                                                            :ARG1 z3))))
              :op3 (z15 / rule-01
                        :ARG1 z3
                        :ARG3 (z16 / against
                                   :op1 (z17 / rule))
                        :condition (z18 / and
                                        :op1 (z19 / squeeze-01
                                                  :ARG0 z3
                                                  :ARG1 z7)
                                        :op2 (z20 / make-01
                                                  :ARG0 z3
                                                  :ARG1 (z21 / sound)
                                                  :mod (z22 / again)
                                                  :time z20))
                        :time (z23 / interval
                                   :time (z24 / between
                                              :op1 (z25 / close-01
                                                        :ARG1 (z26 / game)))))
              :snt2 (z27 / warn-01
                         :ARG0 (z28 / person
                                    :ARG0-of (z29 / referee-01))
                         :ARG1 (z30 / rule-01
                                    :ARG1 z3
                                    :ARG3 (z31 / against
                                               :op1 (z32 / rule))
                                    :condition (z33 / and
                                                    :op1 (z34 / squeeze-01
                                                              :ARG0 z3
                                                              :ARG1 (z35 / knuckle
                                                                         :part-of z3))
                                                    :op2 (z36 / make-01
                                                              :ARG0 z3
                                                              :ARG1 (z37 / sound)
                                                              :mod (z38 / again)
                                                              :time z26)))
                         :ARG2 (z39 / person
                                    :wiki -
                                    :name (z40 / name
                                               :op1 "Chen"
                                               :op2 "Hua")
                                    :ARG0-of (z41 / compete-01
                                                  :ARG3 (z42 / go-01)))
                         :time (z43 / date-entity
                                    :month 1))
              :snt3 (z44 / respond-01
                         :ARG0 (z45 / person
                                    :wiki -
                                    :name (z46 / name
                                               :op1 "Chen"
                                               :op2 "Hua"))
                         :ARG2 (z47 / retort-01
                                    :ARG0 z45
                                    :ARG1 (z48 / and
                                               :op1 (z49 / habitual
                                                         :domain (z50 / squeeze-01
                                                                      :ARG0 z45
                                                                      :ARG1 (z51 / knuckle
                                                                                :part-of z45)))
                                               :op2 (z52 / intend-01
                                                         :polarity -
                                                         :ARG0 z45
                                                         :ARG1 z50)
                                               :ARG0-of (z53 / cause-01
                                                             :ARG1 (z54 / recommend-01
                                                                        :polarity -
                                                                        :ARG1 (z55 / convict-01
                                                                                :ARG1 z45
                                                                                :ARG2 (z56 / violate-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z45
                                                                                :ARG1 (z57 / rule))))))))
              :snt4 (z58 / have-concession-91
                         :ARG1 (z59 / cause-01
                                    :ARG0 (z60 / and
                                               :op1 (z61 / habitual
                                                         :domain (z62 / squeeze-01
                                                                      :ARG0 z45
                                                                      :ARG1 (z63 / knuckle
                                                                                :part-of z45)))
                                               :op2 (z64 / intend-01
                                                         :polarity -
                                                         :ARG0 z45
                                                         :ARG1 z62))
                                    :ARG1 (z65 / recommend-01
                                               :ARG1 (z66 / convict-01
                                                          :polarity -
                                                          :ARG1 z45
                                                          :ARG2 (z67 / violate-01
                                                                     :ARG0 z45
                                                                     :ARG1 (z68 / rule)))))
                         :ARG2 (z69 / go-01))
              :snt5 (z70 / break-16
                         :ARG0 (z71 / person
                                    :wiki -
                                    :name (z72 / name
                                               :op1 "Chen"
                                               :op2 "Hua")
                                    :ARG0-of (z73 / compete-01
                                                  :ARG3 (z74 / go-01)))
                         :ARG1 (z75 / break-16
                                    :ARG0 z42
                                    :ARG1 (z76 / and
                                               :op1 (z77 / time)
                                               :op2 (z78 / time))))
              :snt6 (z79 / interfere-01
                         :ARG0 (z80 / sound)
                         :ARG1 (z81 / think-01
                                    :ARG0 (z82 / person
                                               :ARG0-of (z83 / oppose-01
                                                             :ARG1 z45))))
              :snt7 (z84 / intercede-01
                         :ARG0 z80
                         :ARG1 (z85 / and
                                    :op1 (z86 / squeeze-01
                                              :ARG0 (z87 / knuckle
                                                         :part-of (z88 / person
                                                                       :wiki -
                                                                       :name (z89 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Chen"
                                                                                :op2 "Hua")))
                                              :op2 (z90 / sound))))
              :snt8 (z91 / intercede-01
                         :ARG0 (z96 / game)
                         :ARG1 (z92 / close-01
                                    :ARG1 (z93 / game)))
              :snt9 (z94 / interval
                         :time-of (z95 / close-01
                                       :ARG1 z96))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ and(z1) ∧ :op1(z1, z2) ∧ squeeze-01(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z2, z3) ∧ person(z3) ∧ :wiki(z3, -) ∧ :name(z3, z4) ∧ name(z4) ∧ :op1(z4, "Chen") ∧ :op2(z4, "Hua") ∧ :ARG0(z5, z3) ∧ compete-01(z5) ∧ :ARG3(z5, z6) ∧ go-01(z6) ∧ :ARG1(z2, z7) ∧ knuckle(z7) ∧ :part(z3, z7) ∧ :frequency(z2, z8) ∧ time-to-time(z8) ∧ :subevent(z9, z2) ∧ compete-01(z9) ∧ :ARG0(z9, z3) ∧ :ARG3(z9, z6) ∧ :op2(z1, z10) ∧ interfere-01(z10) ∧ :ARG0(z10, z11) ∧ sound(z11) ∧ :ARG1(z10, z12) ∧ think-01(z12) ∧ :ARG0(z12, z13) ∧ person(z13) ∧ :ARG0(z14, z13) ∧ oppose-01(z14) ∧ :ARG1(z14, z3) ∧ :op3(z1, z15) ∧ :condition(z15, z18) ∧ and(z18) ∧ :op1(z18, z19) ∧ squeeze-01(z19) ∧ :ARG0(z19, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z19, z7) ∧ :op2(z18, z20) ∧ make-01(z20) ∧ :ARG0(z20, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z20, z21) ∧ sound(z21) ∧ :mod(z20, z22) ∧ again(z22) ∧ :time(z20, z20) ∧ rule-01(z15) ∧ :ARG1(z15, z3) ∧ :ARG3(z15, z16) ∧ against(z16) ∧ :op1(z16, z17) ∧ rule(z17) ∧ :time(z15, z23) ∧ interval(z23) ∧ :time(z23, z24) ∧ between(z24) ∧ :op1(z24, z25) ∧ close-01(z25) ∧ :ARG1(z25, z26) ∧ game(z26) ∧ :snt2(z1, z27) ∧ warn-01(z27) ∧ :ARG0(z27, z28) ∧ person(z28) ∧ :ARG0(z29, z28) ∧ referee-01(z29) ∧ :ARG1(z27, z30) ∧ :condition(z30, z33) ∧ and(z33) ∧ :op1(z33, z34) ∧ squeeze-01(z34) ∧ :ARG0(z34, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z35) ∧ knuckle(z35) ∧ :part(z3, z35) ∧ :op2(z33, z36) ∧ make-01(z36) ∧ :ARG0(z36, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z36, z37) ∧ sound(z37) ∧ :mod(z36, z38) ∧ again(z38) ∧ :time(z36, z26) ∧ rule-01(z30) ∧ :ARG1(z30, z3) ∧ :ARG3(z30, z31) ∧ against(z31) ∧ :op1(z31, z32) ∧ rule(z32) ∧ :ARG2(z27, z39) ∧ person(z39) ∧ :wiki(z39, -) ∧ :name(z39, z40) ∧ name(z40) ∧ :op1(z40, "Chen") ∧ :op2(z40, "Hua") ∧ :ARG0(z41, z39) ∧ compete-01(z41) ∧ :ARG3(z41, z42) ∧ go-01(z42) ∧ :time(z27, z43) ∧ date-entity(z43) ∧ :month(z43, 1) ∧ :snt3(z1, z44) ∧ respond-01(z44) ∧ :ARG0(z44, z45) ∧ person(z45) ∧ :wiki(z45, -) ∧ :name(z45, z46) ∧ name(z46) ∧ :op1(z46, "Chen") ∧ :op2(z46, "Hua") ∧ :ARG2(z44, z47) ∧ retort-01(z47) ∧ :ARG0(z47, z45) ∧ :ARG1(z47, z48) ∧ and(z48) ∧ :op1(z48, z49) ∧ habitual(z49) ∧ :domain(z49, z50) ∧ squeeze-01(z50) ∧ :ARG0(z50, z45) ∧ :ARG1(z50, z51) ∧ knuckle(z51) ∧ :part(z45, z51) ∧ ¬(:op2(z48, z52) ∧ intend-01(z52) ∧ :ARG0(z52, z45) ∧ :ARG1(z52, z50)) ∧ :ARG0(z53, z48) ∧ cause-01(z53) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z53, z54) ∧ recommend-01(z54) ∧ :ARG1(z54, z55) ∧ convict-01(z55) ∧ :ARG1(z55, z45) ∧ :ARG2(z55, z56) ∧ violate-01(z56) ∧ :ARG0(z56, z45) ∧ :ARG1(z56, z57) ∧ rule(z57)) ∧ :snt4(z1, z58) ∧ have-concession-91(z58) ∧ :ARG1(z58, z59) ∧ cause-01(z59) ∧ :ARG0(z59, z60) ∧ and(z60) ∧ :op1(z60, z61) ∧ habitual(z61) ∧ :domain(z61, z62) ∧ squeeze-01(z62) ∧ :ARG0(z62, z45) ∧ :ARG1(z62, z63) ∧ knuckle(z63) ∧ :part(z45, z63) ∧ ¬(:op2(z60, z64) ∧ intend-01(z64) ∧ :ARG0(z64, z45) ∧ :ARG1(z64, z62)) ∧ :ARG1(z59, z65) ∧ recommend-01(z65) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z65, z66) ∧ convict-01(z66) ∧ :ARG1(z66, z45) ∧ :ARG2(z66, z67) ∧ violate-01(z67) ∧ :ARG0(z67, z45) ∧ :ARG1(z67, z68) ∧ rule(z68)) ∧ :ARG2(z58, z69) ∧ go-01(z69) ∧ :snt5(z1, z70) ∧ break-16(z70) ∧ :ARG0(z70, z71) ∧ person(z71) ∧ :wiki(z71, -) ∧ :name(z71, z72) ∧ name(z72) ∧ :op1(z72, "Chen") ∧ :op2(z72, "Hua") ∧ :ARG0(z73, z71) ∧ compete-01(z73) ∧ :ARG3(z73, z74) ∧ go-01(z74) ∧ :ARG1(z70, z75) ∧ break-16(z75) ∧ :ARG0(z75, z42) ∧ :ARG1(z75, z76) ∧ and(z76) ∧ :op1(z76, z77) ∧ time(z77) ∧ :op2(z76, z78) ∧ time(z78) ∧ :snt6(z1, z79) ∧ interfere-01(z79) ∧ :ARG0(z79, z80) ∧ sound(z80) ∧ :ARG1(z79, z81) ∧ think-01(z81) ∧ :ARG0(z81, z82) ∧ person(z82) ∧ :ARG0(z83, z82) ∧ oppose-01(z83) ∧ :ARG1(z83, z45) ∧ :snt7(z1, z84) ∧ intercede-01(z84) ∧ :ARG0(z84, z80) ∧ :ARG1(z84, z85) ∧ and(z85) ∧ :op1(z85, z86) ∧ squeeze-01(z86) ∧ :ARG0(z86, z87) ∧ knuckle(z87) ∧ :part(z88, z87) ∧ person(z88) ∧ :wiki(z88, -) ∧ :name(z88, z89) ∧ name(z89) ∧ :op1(z89, "Chen") ∧ :op2(z89, "Hua") ∧ :op2(z86, z90) ∧ sound(z90) ∧ :snt8(z1, z91) ∧ intercede-01(z91) ∧ :ARG0(z91, z96) ∧ game(z96) ∧ :ARG1(z91, z92) ∧ close-01(z92) ∧ :ARG1(z92, z93) ∧ game(z93) ∧ :snt9(z1, z94) ∧ interval(z94) ∧ :time(z95, z94) ∧ close-01(z95) ∧ :ARG1(z95, z96)


The goal of education is not to teach students how to implement the norms set for themselves by others, but to help them understand how norms should be formed and how to participate in the creation of reasonable social norms. In other words, we should not teach them how to be obedient, but how to manage themselves, how to challenge unreasonable social norms and how to create new systems.

Question: Which of the following options is most likely to criticize this passage?

Choices:
- Hinder students from innovating.
- Blindly ask students to follow the rules.
- Do not provide students with opportunities for social practice.
- Do not pay attention to improving students' self-management ability.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / have-purpose-91
              :ARG1 (z2 / educate-01)
              :ARG2 (z3 / contrast-01
                        :ARG1 (z4 / have-purpose-91
                                  :polarity -
                                  :ARG1 z2
                                  :ARG2 (z5 / teach-01
                                            :ARG0 (z6 / person
                                                      :ARG0-of (z7 / study-01))
                                            :ARG1 (z8 / implement-01
                                                      :ARG0 z6
                                                      :ARG1 (z9 / norm
                                                                :ARG1-of (z10 / set-02
                                                                              :ARG0 (z11 / other)
                                                                              :beneficiary z6)))
                                            :ARG2 (z12 / person
                                                       :ARG0-of z7)))
                        :ARG2 (z13 / have-purpose-91
                                   :ARG1 z2
                                   :ARG2 (z14 / help-01
                                              :ARG0 z6
                                              :ARG1 (z15 / understand-01
                                                         :ARG0 z12
                                                         :ARG1 (z16 / and
                                                                    :op1 (z17 / recommend-01
                                                                              :ARG1 (z18 / form-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z19 / norm)))
                                                                    :op2 (z20 / recommend-01
                                                                              :ARG1 (z21 / participate-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z12
                                                                                :ARG1 (z22 / create-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z23 / norm
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z24 / reasonable-02)
                                                                                :mod (z25 / social)))))))
                                              :ARG2 z12)))
              :snt2 (z26 / recommend-01
                         :ARG1 (z27 / contrast-01
                                    :ARG1 (z28 / recommend-01
                                               :polarity -
                                               :ARG1 (z29 / teach-01
                                                          :ARG0 (z30 / we)
                                                          :ARG1 (z31 / thing
                                                                     :manner-of (z32 / obey-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z31))
                                                          :ARG2 (z33 / they)))
                                    :ARG2 (z34 / recommend-01
                                               :ARG1 (z35 / teach-01
                                                          :ARG0 z30
                                                          :ARG1 (z36 / and
                                                                     :op1 (z37 / thing
                                                                               :manner-of (z38 / manage-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z31
                                                                                :ARG1 z31))
                                                                     :op2 (z39 / thing
                                                                               :manner-of (z40 / challenge-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z31
                                                                                :ARG1 (z41 / norm
                                                                                :mod z25
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z42 / reasonable-02
                                                                                :polarity -))))
                                                                     :op3 (z43 / thing
                                                                               :manner-of (z44 / create-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z31
                                                                                :ARG1 (z45 / system
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z46 / new-01)))))
                                                          :ARG2 z33))
                                    :ARG1-of (z47 / word-01
                                                  :mod (z48 / other))))
              :snt3 (z49 / recommend-01
                         :ARG1 (z50 / teach-01
                                    :polarity -
                                    :ARG0 (z51 / we)
                                    :ARG1 (z52 / thing
                                               :manner-of (z53 / obey-01
                                                               :ARG0 z31))
                                    :ARG2 (z54 / they)))
              :snt4 (z55 / contrast-01
                         :ARG1 (z56 / have-purpose-91
                                    :ARG1 (z57 / have-purpose-91
                                               :ARG1 (z58 / educate-01)
                                               :ARG2 (z59 / teach-01
                                                          :ARG1 (z60 / thing
                                                                     :manner-of (z61 / implement-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z44
                                                                                :ARG1 (z62 / norm
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z63 / set-02
                                                                                :ARG0 (z64 / person
                                                                                :mod (z65 / other))
                                                                                :ARG2 z44))))
                                                          :ARG2 (z66 / person
                                                                     :ARG0-of (z67 / study-01))))
                                    :ARG2 (z68 / have-purpose-91
                                               :ARG1 z58
                                               :ARG2 (z69 / and
                                                          :op1 (z70 / work-01
                                                                    :ARG0 z66
                                                                    :ARG1 (z71 / form-01
                                                                               :ARG1 (z72 / norm)
                                                                               :ARG1-of (z73 / recommend-01)))
                                                          :op2 (z74 / understand-01
                                                                    :ARG0 z66
                                                                    :ARG1 (z75 / thing
                                                                               :manner-of (z76 / form-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z77 / norm
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z78 / form-01)
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z79 / recommend-01)))))))))
              :snt5 (z80 / have-concession-91
                         :ARG1 (z81 / recommend-01
                                    :polarity -
                                    :ARG1 (z82 / teach-01
                                               :ARG0 (z83 / we)
                                               :ARG1 (z84 / thing
                                                          :manner-of (z85 / manage-01
                                                                          :ARG0 z53
                                                                          :ARG1 z53))
                                               :ARG2 z53))
                         :ARG2 (z86 / recommend-01
                                    :ARG1 (z87 / and
                                               :op1 (z88 / challenge-01
                                                         :ARG0 z53
                                                         :ARG1 (z89 / norm
                                                                    :mod (z90 / social)
                                                                    :ARG1-of (z91 / reasonable-02
                                                                                :polarity -))
                                                         :op2 (z92 / create-01
                                                                   :ARG0 z53
                                                                   :ARG1 (z93 / system
                                                                              :ARG1-of (z94 / new-01)))))))
              :snt6 (z95 / recommend-01
                         :ARG1 (z96 / teach-01
                                    :ARG0 (z97 / we)
                                    :ARG1 (z98 / thing
                                               :manner-of (z99 / manage-01
                                                               :ARG0 z53
                                                               :ARG1 z53))
                                    :ARG2 (z100 / person
                                                :ARG0-of (z101 / have-rel-role-91
                                                               :ARG1 z53))))
              :snt7 (z102 / contrast-01
                          :ARG1 (z103 / recommend-01
                                      :polarity -
                                      :ARG1 (z1000 / teach-01
                                                   :ARG0 (z1001 / we)
                                                   :ARG1 (z1002 / thing
                                                                :manner-of (z1003 / manage-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z53
                                                                                :ARG1 z53)))
                                      :ARG2 (z1004 / teach-01
                                                   :ARG0 z1001
                                                   :ARG1 (z1005 / and
                                                                :op1 (z1006 / thing
                                                                            :manner-of (z1007 / manage-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z53
                                                                                :ARG1 z53)
                                                                            :op2 (z1008 / challenge-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z53
                                                                                :ARG1 (z1009 / norm
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z1010 / reasonable-02
                                                                                :polarity -)
                                                                                :mod (z1011 / social))))
                                                                :op3 (z1012 / create-01
                                                                            :ARG0 z53
                                                                            :ARG1 (z104 / system
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z105 / new-01)))))))
              :snt8 (z1013 / recommend-01
                           :ARG1 (z1014 / teach-01
                                        :ARG0 (z1015 / we)
                                        :ARG1 (z1016 / form-01
                                                     :ARG0 z53
                                                     :ARG1 (z1017 / thing
                                                                  :manner-of (z1018 / form-01
                                                                                :ARG0 z53
                                                                                :ARG1 (z1019 / norm
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z1020 / reasonable-02
                                                                                :polarity -))))))))
    :snt9 (z1021 / recommend-01
                 :ARG1 (z1022 / learn-01
                              :ARG0 (z106 / we)
                              :ARG1 (z107 / thing
                                          :manner-of (z1023 / form-01
                                                            :ARG0 z53
                                                            :ARG1 (z1024 / form-01
                                                                         :ARG1 (z108 / norm
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z1025 / form-01)
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z1026 / reasonable-02
                                                                                :polarity -))))))
                 :ARG2 (z1027 / person
                              :ARG0-of (z1028 / have-rel-role-91
                                              :ARG1 (z1029 / person
                                                           :ARG0-of (z1030 / study-01))
                                              :ARG2 (z1031 / have-rel-role-91
                                                           :ARG2 (z1032 / member))))))