The network not only discovers problems, but sometimes acts as a clue provider and supervisor to solve problems. Compared with various supervision and management mechanisms, the supervision ability of the network has shown an advanced trend. It'seems that the clues of many problems are always exposed on the network before they are investigated and then solved. In this regard, we should be soberly aware that although network supervision has played a significant role at present, it is by no means a normal way of supervision and accountability in a society under the rule of law, nor should it become a mainstream way of supervision. How to give full play to the due role of the original supervision mechanism is an urgent problem in front of us.

Question: Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?

Choices:
- The society ruled by law cannot mainly rely on the network for effective supervision
- The network has more advanced supervision ability than other supervision mechanisms
- Network supervision can play a better role on the basis of self-improvement
- An important way of supervision in today's society is network supervision

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / and
              :op1 (z2 / discover-01
                       :ARG0 (z3 / network)
                       :ARG1 (z4 / problem))
              :op2 (z5 / act-01
                       :ARG0 z3
                       :ARG1 (z6 / and
                                 :op1 (z7 / provide-01
                                          :ARG0 z3
                                          :ARG1 (z8 / clue))
                                 :op2 (z9 / supervise-01
                                          :ARG0 z3
                                          :ARG1 (z10 / solve-01
                                                     :ARG0 z3
                                                     :ARG1 z4)))
                       :frequency (z11 / sometimes))
              :op3 (z12 / show-01
                        :ARG0 (z13 / capable-01
                                   :ARG1 z3
                                   :ARG2 (z14 / supervise-01
                                              :ARG0 z3)
                                   :ARG1-of (z15 / compare-01
                                                 :ARG2 (z16 / and
                                                            :op1 (z17 / mechanism
                                                                      :mod (z18 / various)
                                                                      :ARG0-of (z19 / supervise-01))
                                                            :op2 (z20 / mechanism
                                                                      :ARG0-of (z21 / manage-01)
                                                                      :mod (z22 / various)))))
                        :ARG1 (z23 / trend-01
                                   :ARG1 z13
                                   :ARG1-of (z24 / advanced-02))))
    :snt2 (z25 / expose-01
               :ARG1 (z26 / clue
                          :poss (z27 / problem
                                     :quant (z28 / many)))
               :location (z29 / network)
               :time (z30 / always)
               :time (z31 / before
                          :op1 (z32 / and
                                    :op1 (z33 / investigate-01
                                              :ARG1 z26)
                                    :op2 (z34 / solve-01
                                              :ARG1 z26
                                              :time (z35 / then)))))
    :snt3 (z36 / seem-01
               :ARG1 (z37 / it)
               :ARG2 (z38 / expose-01
                          :ARG1 (z39 / clue
                                     :poss (z40 / problem
                                                :quant (z41 / many)))
                          :location z29
                          :time (z42 / always)
                          :time (z43 / before
                                     :op1 (z44 / and
                                               :op1 (z45 / investigate-01
                                                         :ARG1 z33)
                                               :op2 (z46 / solve-01
                                                         :ARG1 z33)))))
    :snt4 (z47 / recommend-01
               :ARG1 (z48 / realize-01
                          :ARG0 (z49 / we)
                          :ARG1 (z50 / and
                                     :op1 (z51 / way
                                               :ARG1-of (z52 / normal-02
                                                             :polarity -)
                                               :domain (z53 / supervise-01
                                                            :ARG0 (z54 / network)
                                                            :location (z55 / society
                                                                           :prep-under (z56 / rule
                                                                                :mod (z57 / law))))
                                               :domain z53)
                                     :op2 (z58 / recommend-01
                                               :polarity -
                                               :ARG1 (z59 / become-01
                                                          :ARG1 z53
                                                          :ARG2 (z60 / way
                                                                     :ARG1-of (z61 / mainstream-02)
                                                                     :instrument-of (z62 / supervise-01)))))
                          :concession (z63 / play-02
                                           :ARG0 (z64 / supervise-01
                                                      :ARG0 (z65 / network))
                                           :ARG1 (z66 / role
                                                      :ARG1-of (z67 / significant-02))
                                           :time (z68 / present)))
               :manner (z69 / sober)
               :ARG1-of (z70 / regard-01
                             :mod (z71 / this)))
    :snt5 (z72 / problem
               :mod (z73 / urgent)
               :location (z74 / in-front-of
                              :op1 (z75 / we))
               :domain (z76 / thing
                            :manner-of (z77 / play-02
                                            :ARG0 (z78 / supervise-01
                                                       :ARG0 (z79 / network))
                                            :ARG1 (z80 / role
                                                       :ARG1-of (z81 / significant-02))
                                            :time (z82 / present))))
    :snt6 (z83 / recommend-01
               :ARG1 (z84 / become-01
                          :polarity -
                          :ARG1 z50
                          :ARG2 (z85 / way
                                     :manner-of (z86 / supervise-01)
                                     :ARG1-of (z87 / mainstream-02))
                          :location (z88 / society
                                         :prep-under (z89 / rule
                                                          :mod (z90 / law)))))
    :snt7 (z91 / show-01
               :ARG0 (z1000 / capable-01
                            :ARG1 (z1001 / network)
                            :ARG2 (z1002 / supervise-01)
                            :ARG1-of (z1003 / compare-01
                                            :ARG2 (z1004 / and
                                                         :op1 (z1005 / mechanism
                                                                     :mod (z1006 / various)
                                                                     :ARG0-of (z1007 / supervise-01))
                                                         :op2 (z1008 / mechanism
                                                                     :mod (z1009 / manage-01)))))
               :ARG1 (z1010 / trend
                            :ARG1-of (z1011 / advanced-02))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ and(z1) ∧ :op1(z1, z2) ∧ discover-01(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z2, z3) ∧ network(z3) ∧ :ARG1(z2, z4) ∧ problem(z4) ∧ :op2(z1, z5) ∧ act-01(z5) ∧ :ARG0(z5, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z5, z6) ∧ and(z6) ∧ :op1(z6, z7) ∧ provide-01(z7) ∧ :ARG0(z7, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z7, z8) ∧ clue(z8) ∧ :op2(z6, z9) ∧ supervise-01(z9) ∧ :ARG0(z9, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z9, z10) ∧ solve-01(z10) ∧ :ARG0(z10, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z10, z4) ∧ :frequency(z5, z11) ∧ sometimes(z11) ∧ :op3(z1, z12) ∧ show-01(z12) ∧ :ARG0(z12, z13) ∧ capable-01(z13) ∧ :ARG1(z13, z3) ∧ :ARG2(z13, z14) ∧ supervise-01(z14) ∧ :ARG0(z14, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z15, z13) ∧ compare-01(z15) ∧ :ARG2(z15, z16) ∧ and(z16) ∧ :op1(z16, z17) ∧ mechanism(z17) ∧ :mod(z17, z18) ∧ various(z18) ∧ :ARG0(z19, z17) ∧ supervise-01(z19) ∧ :op2(z16, z20) ∧ mechanism(z20) ∧ :ARG0(z21, z20) ∧ manage-01(z21) ∧ :mod(z20, z22) ∧ various(z22) ∧ :ARG1(z12, z23) ∧ trend-01(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z13) ∧ :ARG1(z24, z23) ∧ advanced-02(z24) ∧ :snt2(z0, z25) ∧ expose-01(z25) ∧ :ARG1(z25, z26) ∧ clue(z26) ∧ :poss(z26, z27) ∧ problem(z27) ∧ :quant(z27, z28) ∧ many(z28) ∧ :location(z25, z29) ∧ network(z29) ∧ :time(z25, z30) ∧ always(z30) ∧ :time(z25, z31) ∧ before(z31) ∧ :op1(z31, z32) ∧ and(z32) ∧ :op1(z32, z33) ∧ investigate-01(z33) ∧ :ARG1(z33, z26) ∧ :op2(z32, z34) ∧ solve-01(z34) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z26) ∧ :time(z34, z35) ∧ then(z35) ∧ :snt3(z0, z36) ∧ seem-01(z36) ∧ :ARG1(z36, z37) ∧ it(z37) ∧ :ARG2(z36, z38) ∧ expose-01(z38) ∧ :ARG1(z38, z39) ∧ clue(z39) ∧ :poss(z39, z40) ∧ problem(z40) ∧ :quant(z40, z41) ∧ many(z41) ∧ :location(z38, z29) ∧ :time(z38, z42) ∧ always(z42) ∧ :time(z38, z43) ∧ before(z43) ∧ :op1(z43, z44) ∧ and(z44) ∧ :op1(z44, z45) ∧ investigate-01(z45) ∧ :ARG1(z45, z33) ∧ :op2(z44, z46) ∧ solve-01(z46) ∧ :ARG1(z46, z33) ∧ :snt4(z0, z47) ∧ recommend-01(z47) ∧ :ARG1(z47, z48) ∧ realize-01(z48) ∧ :ARG0(z48, z49) ∧ we(z49) ∧ :ARG1(z48, z50) ∧ and(z50) ∧ :op1(z50, z51) ∧ way(z51) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z52, z51) ∧ normal-02(z52)) ∧ :domain(z51, z53) ∧ supervise-01(z53) ∧ :ARG0(z53, z54) ∧ network(z54) ∧ :location(z53, z55) ∧ society(z55) ∧ :prep-under(z55, z56) ∧ rule(z56) ∧ :mod(z56, z57) ∧ law(z57) ∧ :domain(z51, z53) ∧ ¬(:op2(z50, z58) ∧ recommend-01(z58) ∧ :ARG1(z58, z59) ∧ become-01(z59) ∧ :ARG1(z59, z53) ∧ :ARG2(z59, z60) ∧ way(z60) ∧ :ARG1(z61, z60) ∧ mainstream-02(z61) ∧ :instrument(z62, z60) ∧ supervise-01(z62)) ∧ :concession(z48, z63) ∧ play-02(z63) ∧ :ARG0(z63, z64) ∧ supervise-01(z64) ∧ :ARG0(z64, z65) ∧ network(z65) ∧ :ARG1(z63, z66) ∧ role(z66) ∧ :ARG1(z67, z66) ∧ significant-02(z67) ∧ :time(z63, z68) ∧ present(z68) ∧ :manner(z47, z69) ∧ sober(z69) ∧ :ARG1(z70, z47) ∧ regard-01(z70) ∧ :mod(z70, z71) ∧ this(z71) ∧ :snt5(z0, z72) ∧ problem(z72) ∧ :mod(z72, z73) ∧ urgent(z73) ∧ :location(z72, z74) ∧ in-front-of(z74) ∧ :op1(z74, z75) ∧ we(z75) ∧ :domain(z72, z76) ∧ thing(z76) ∧ :manner(z77, z76) ∧ play-02(z77) ∧ :ARG0(z77, z78) ∧ supervise-01(z78) ∧ :ARG0(z78, z79) ∧ network(z79) ∧ :ARG1(z77, z80) ∧ role(z80) ∧ :ARG1(z81, z80) ∧ significant-02(z81) ∧ :time(z77, z82) ∧ present(z82) ∧ :snt6(z0, z83) ∧ recommend-01(z83) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z83, z84) ∧ become-01(z84) ∧ :ARG1(z84, z50) ∧ :ARG2(z84, z85) ∧ way(z85) ∧ :manner(z86, z85) ∧ supervise-01(z86) ∧ :ARG1(z87, z85) ∧ mainstream-02(z87) ∧ :location(z84, z88) ∧ society(z88) ∧ :prep-under(z88, z89) ∧ rule(z89) ∧ :mod(z89, z90) ∧ law(z90)) ∧ :snt7(z0, z91) ∧ show-01(z91) ∧ :ARG0(z91, z1000) ∧ capable-01(z1000) ∧ :ARG1(z1000, z1001) ∧ network(z1001) ∧ :ARG2(z1000, z1002) ∧ supervise-01(z1002) ∧ :ARG1(z1003, z1000) ∧ compare-01(z1003) ∧ :ARG2(z1003, z1004) ∧ and(z1004) ∧ :op1(z1004, z1005) ∧ mechanism(z1005) ∧ :mod(z1005, z1006) ∧ various(z1006) ∧ :ARG0(z1007, z1005) ∧ supervise-01(z1007) ∧ :op2(z1004, z1008) ∧ mechanism(z1008) ∧ :mod(z1008, z1009) ∧ manage-01(z1009) ∧ :ARG1(z91, z1010) ∧ trend(z1010) ∧ :ARG1(z1011, z1010) ∧ advanced-02(z1011)


Situation: In the island nation of Bezun, the government taxes gasoline heavily in order to induce people not to drive. It uses the revenue from the gasoline tax to subsidize electricity in order to reduce prices charged for electricity. Analysis: The greater the success achieved in meeting the first of these objectives, the less will be the success achieved in meeting the second.

Question: The analysis provided for the situation above would be most appropriate in which one of the following situations?

Choices:
- A mail-order store imposes a stiff surcharge for overnight delivery in order to limit use of this option. The store uses revenue from the surcharge to pay the extra expenses it incurs for providing the overnight delivery service.
- The park management charges an admission fee so that a park's users will contribute to the park's upkeep. In order to keep admission fees low, the management does not finance any new projects from them.
- The highway administration charges a toll for crossing a bridge in order to get motorists to use other routes. It uses the revenue from that toll to generate a reserve fund in order to be able one day to build a new bridge.
- A library charges a late fee in order to induce borrowers to return books promptly. The library uses revenue from the late fee to send reminders to tardy borrowers in order to reduce the incidence of overdue books.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / situation
              :topic (z2 / tax-01
                         :ARG0 (z3 / government-organization
                                   :ARG0-of (z4 / govern-01))
                         :ARG1 (z5 / gasoline)
                         :manner (z6 / heavy)
                         :location (z7 / nation
                                       :wiki "Bezun"
                                       :name (z8 / name
                                                 :op1 "Bezun")
                                       :mod (z9 / island))
                         :purpose (z10 / induce-01
                                       :ARG0 z3
                                       :ARG1 (z11 / person)
                                       :ARG2 (z12 / drive-01
                                                  :polarity -
                                                  :ARG0 z11))
                         :location (z13 / city
                                        :wiki "Bezun"
                                        :name (z14 / name
                                                   :op1 "Bezun"))))
    :snt2 (z15 / use-01
               :ARG0 (z16 / it)
               :ARG1 (z17 / revenue
                          :source (z18 / tax-01
                                       :ARG1 (z19 / gasoline)))
               :ARG2 (z20 / subsidize-01
                          :ARG0 z16
                          :ARG1 (z21 / electricity)
                          :purpose (z22 / reduce-01
                                        :ARG0 z16
                                        :ARG1 (z23 / monetary-quantity
                                                   :ARG2-of (z24 / price-01
                                                                 :ARG1 z21)
                                                   :ARG1-of (z25 / charge-01
                                                                 :ARG3 z21)))))
    :snt3 (z26 / analyze-01
               :ARG1 (z27 / correlate-91
                          :ARG1 (z28 / more
                                     :ARG3-of (z29 / have-degree-91
                                                   :ARG1 (z30 / succeed-01
                                                              :ARG1 (z31 / meet-01
                                                                         :ARG1 (z32 / objective
                                                                                :ord (z33 / ordinal-entity
                                                                                :value 1)
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z34 / include-91
                                                                                :ARG2 (z35 / objective
                                                                                :mod (z36 / this))))))
                                                   :ARG2 (z37 / great)))
                          :ARG2 (z38 / less
                                     :ARG3-of (z39 / have-quant-91
                                                   :ARG1 (z40 / succeed-01
                                                              :ARG1 (z41 / meet-01
                                                                         :ARG1 (z42 / objective
                                                                                :ord (z43 / ordinal-entity
                                                                                :value 2)
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z44 / include-91
                                                                                :ARG2 z35))))))))
    :snt4 (z45 / correlate-91
               :ARG1 (z46 / more
                          :ARG3-of (z47 / have-degree-91
                                        :ARG1 (z48 / succeed-01
                                                   :ARG1 (z49 / meet-01
                                                              :ARG1 (z50 / objective
                                                                         :ord (z51 / ordinal-entity
                                                                                :value 1)
                                                                         :ARG1-of (z52 / include-91
                                                                                :ARG2 z35))))
                                        :ARG2 (z53 / great)))
               :ARG2 (z54 / less
                          :ARG3-of (z55 / have-degree-91
                                        :ARG1 (z56 / succeed-01
                                                   :ARG1 (z57 / meet-01
                                                              :ARG1 (z58 / objective
                                                                         :ord (z59 / ordinal-entity
                                                                                :value 2)
                                                                         :ARG1-of (z60 / include-91
                                                                                :ARG2 z35))))))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ situation(z1) ∧ :topic(z1, z2) ∧ tax-01(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z2, z3) ∧ government-organization(z3) ∧ :ARG0(z4, z3) ∧ govern-01(z4) ∧ :ARG1(z2, z5) ∧ gasoline(z5) ∧ :manner(z2, z6) ∧ heavy(z6) ∧ :location(z2, z7) ∧ nation(z7) ∧ :wiki(z7, "Bezun") ∧ :name(z7, z8) ∧ name(z8) ∧ :op1(z8, "Bezun") ∧ :mod(z7, z9) ∧ island(z9) ∧ :purpose(z2, z10) ∧ induce-01(z10) ∧ :ARG0(z10, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z10, z11) ∧ person(z11) ∧ ¬(:ARG2(z10, z12) ∧ drive-01(z12) ∧ :ARG0(z12, z11)) ∧ :location(z2, z13) ∧ city(z13) ∧ :wiki(z13, "Bezun") ∧ :name(z13, z14) ∧ name(z14) ∧ :op1(z14, "Bezun") ∧ :snt2(z0, z15) ∧ use-01(z15) ∧ :ARG0(z15, z16) ∧ it(z16) ∧ :ARG1(z15, z17) ∧ revenue(z17) ∧ :source(z17, z18) ∧ tax-01(z18) ∧ :ARG1(z18, z19) ∧ gasoline(z19) ∧ :ARG2(z15, z20) ∧ subsidize-01(z20) ∧ :ARG0(z20, z16) ∧ :ARG1(z20, z21) ∧ electricity(z21) ∧ :purpose(z20, z22) ∧ reduce-01(z22) ∧ :ARG0(z22, z16) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z23) ∧ monetary-quantity(z23) ∧ :ARG2(z24, z23) ∧ price-01(z24) ∧ :ARG1(z24, z21) ∧ :ARG1(z25, z23) ∧ charge-01(z25) ∧ :ARG3(z25, z21) ∧ :snt3(z0, z26) ∧ analyze-01(z26) ∧ :ARG1(z26, z27) ∧ correlate-91(z27) ∧ :ARG1(z27, z28) ∧ more(z28) ∧ :ARG3(z29, z28) ∧ have-degree-91(z29) ∧ :ARG1(z29, z30) ∧ succeed-01(z30) ∧ :ARG1(z30, z31) ∧ meet-01(z31) ∧ :ARG1(z31, z32) ∧ objective(z32) ∧ :ord(z32, z33) ∧ ordinal-entity(z33) ∧ :value(z33, 1) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z32) ∧ include-91(z34) ∧ :ARG2(z34, z35) ∧ objective(z35) ∧ :mod(z35, z36) ∧ this(z36) ∧ :ARG2(z29, z37) ∧ great(z37) ∧ :ARG2(z27, z38) ∧ less(z38) ∧ :ARG3(z39, z38) ∧ have-quant-91(z39) ∧ :ARG1(z39, z40) ∧ succeed-01(z40) ∧ :ARG1(z40, z41) ∧ meet-01(z41) ∧ :ARG1(z41, z42) ∧ objective(z42) ∧ :ord(z42, z43) ∧ ordinal-entity(z43) ∧ :value(z43, 2) ∧ :ARG1(z44, z42) ∧ include-91(z44) ∧ :ARG2(z44, z35) ∧ :snt4(z0, z45) ∧ correlate-91(z45) ∧ :ARG1(z45, z46) ∧ more(z46) ∧ :ARG3(z47, z46) ∧ have-degree-91(z47) ∧ :ARG1(z47, z48) ∧ succeed-01(z48) ∧ :ARG1(z48, z49) ∧ meet-01(z49) ∧ :ARG1(z49, z50) ∧ objective(z50) ∧ :ord(z50, z51) ∧ ordinal-entity(z51) ∧ :value(z51, 1) ∧ :ARG1(z52, z50) ∧ include-91(z52) ∧ :ARG2(z52, z35) ∧ :ARG2(z47, z53) ∧ great(z53) ∧ :ARG2(z45, z54) ∧ less(z54) ∧ :ARG3(z55, z54) ∧ have-degree-91(z55) ∧ :ARG1(z55, z56) ∧ succeed-01(z56) ∧ :ARG1(z56, z57) ∧ meet-01(z57) ∧ :ARG1(z57, z58) ∧ objective(z58) ∧ :ord(z58, z59) ∧ ordinal-entity(z59) ∧ :value(z59, 2) ∧ :ARG1(z60, z58) ∧ include-91(z60) ∧ :ARG2(z60, z35)


There are more users of the cable TV pay channels in city X than in city Y, so citizens of city X are more aware of international current affairs than citizens of city Y.

Question: If the followings are true, except for which one, will weaken the above argument?

Choices:
- The monthly rental fee of the cable TV pay channels in city X is lower than that of similar channels in city Y.
- The survey shows that citizens of city X spend less time watching TV than citizens of city Y.
- The cable TV pay channels in city X are all entertainment programs.
- Most citizens of city Y work in city X and usually only return to city Y on weekends.

(z0 / cause-01
    :ARG0 (z1 / have-quant-91
              :ARG1 (z2 / person
                        :ARG0-of (z3 / use-01
                                     :ARG1 (z4 / channel
                                               :mod (z5 / pay)
                                               :medium (z6 / television
                                                           :mod (z7 / cable))))
                        :location (z8 / city
                                      :mod (z9 / variable
                                               :wiki -
                                               :name (z10 / name
                                                          :op1 "X"))))
              :ARG3 (z11 / more)
              :ARG4 (z12 / person
                         :ARG0-of (z13 / use-01
                                       :ARG1 (z14 / channel
                                                  :mod z5
                                                  :medium z6))
                         :location (z15 / city
                                        :mod (z16 / variable
                                                  :wiki -
                                                  :name (z17 / name
                                                             :op1 "Y")))))
    :ARG1 (z18 / realize-01
               :ARG0 (z19 / citizen
                          :mod z8)
               :ARG1 (z20 / affair-02
                          :ARG2 (z21 / international)
                          :time (z22 / current))
               :ARG2-of (z23 / have-degree-91
                             :ARG1 z19
                             :ARG3 (z24 / more)
                             :ARG4 (z25 / citizen
                                        :mod z15))
               :ARG1-of (z26 / cause-01
                             :ARG0 (z27 / be-located-at-91
                                        :ARG1 (z28 / person
                                                   :ARG0-of (z29 / use-01
                                                                 :ARG1 (z30 / channel
                                                                            :mod z5
                                                                            :medium z6)))
                                        :ARG2 z15)))
    :ARG1-of (z31 / cause-01
                  :ARG0 (z32 / go-01
                             :ARG1 (z33 / citizen
                                        :mod z8)
                             :ARG4 (z34 / citizen
                                        :mod z15)
                             :direction (z35 / out))))

cause-01(z0) ∧ :ARG0(z0, z1) ∧ have-quant-91(z1) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z2) ∧ person(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z3, z2) ∧ use-01(z3) ∧ :ARG1(z3, z4) ∧ channel(z4) ∧ :mod(z4, z5) ∧ pay(z5) ∧ :medium(z4, z6) ∧ television(z6) ∧ :mod(z6, z7) ∧ cable(z7) ∧ :location(z2, z8) ∧ city(z8) ∧ :mod(z8, z9) ∧ variable(z9) ∧ :wiki(z9, -) ∧ :name(z9, z10) ∧ name(z10) ∧ :op1(z10, "X") ∧ :ARG3(z1, z11) ∧ more(z11) ∧ :ARG4(z1, z12) ∧ person(z12) ∧ :ARG0(z13, z12) ∧ use-01(z13) ∧ :ARG1(z13, z14) ∧ channel(z14) ∧ :mod(z14, z5) ∧ :medium(z14, z6) ∧ :location(z12, z15) ∧ city(z15) ∧ :mod(z15, z16) ∧ variable(z16) ∧ :wiki(z16, -) ∧ :name(z16, z17) ∧ name(z17) ∧ :op1(z17, "Y") ∧ :ARG1(z0, z18) ∧ realize-01(z18) ∧ :ARG0(z18, z19) ∧ citizen(z19) ∧ :mod(z19, z8) ∧ :ARG1(z18, z20) ∧ affair-02(z20) ∧ :ARG2(z20, z21) ∧ international(z21) ∧ :time(z20, z22) ∧ current(z22) ∧ :ARG2(z23, z18) ∧ have-degree-91(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z19) ∧ :ARG3(z23, z24) ∧ more(z24) ∧ :ARG4(z23, z25) ∧ citizen(z25) ∧ :mod(z25, z15) ∧ :ARG1(z26, z18) ∧ cause-01(z26) ∧ :ARG0(z26, z27) ∧ be-located-at-91(z27) ∧ :ARG1(z27, z28) ∧ person(z28) ∧ :ARG0(z29, z28) ∧ use-01(z29) ∧ :ARG1(z29, z30) ∧ channel(z30) ∧ :mod(z30, z5) ∧ :medium(z30, z6) ∧ :ARG2(z27, z15) ∧ :ARG1(z31, z0) ∧ cause-01(z31) ∧ :ARG0(z31, z32) ∧ go-01(z32) ∧ :ARG1(z32, z33) ∧ citizen(z33) ∧ :mod(z33, z8) ∧ :ARG4(z32, z34) ∧ citizen(z34) ∧ :mod(z34, z15) ∧ :direction(z32, z35) ∧ out(z35)


A person with a type B lipid profile is at much greater risk of heart disease than a person with a type A lipid profile. In an experiment, both type A volunteers and type B volunteers were put on a low-fat diet. The cholesterol levels of the type B volunteers soon dropped substantially, although their lipid profiles were unchanged. The type A volunteers, however, showed no benefit from the diet, and 40 percent of them actually shifted to type B profiles.

Question: If the information above is true, which one of the following must also be true?

Choices:
- The reduction in cholesterol levels in the volunteers is solely responsible for the change in their lipid profiles.
- Apart from adopting the low-fat diet, most of the volunteers did not substantially change any aspect of their lifestyle that would have affected their cholesterol levels or lipid profiles.
- For at least some of the volunteers in the experiment, the risk of heart disease increased after having been put on the low-fat diet.
- In the experiment, most of the volunteers had their risk of heart disease reduced at least marginally as a result of having been put on the diet.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / risk-01
              :ARG0 (z2 / person
                        :ARG0-of (z3 / have-03
                                     :ARG1 (z4 / profile
                                               :mod (z5 / lipid)
                                               :mod (z6 / type
                                                        :mod (z7 / string-entity
                                                                 :value "B")))))
              :ARG2 (z8 / disease
                        :mod (z9 / heart))
              :ARG1-of (z10 / have-degree-91
                            :ARG2 (z11 / great)
                            :ARG3 (z12 / more
                                       :quant (z13 / much))
                            :ARG4 (z14 / person
                                       :ARG0-of (z15 / have-03
                                                     :ARG1 (z16 / profile
                                                                :mod (z17 / lipid)
                                                                :mod (z18 / type
                                                                          :mod (z19 / type
                                                                                :mod (z20 / string-entity
                                                                                :value "A"))))))))
    :snt2 (z21 / put-01
               :ARG1 (z22 / and
                          :op1 (z23 / person
                                    :ARG0-of (z24 / volunteer-01)
                                    :mod (z25 / type
                                              :mod (z26 / type
                                                        :mod (z27 / type
                                                                  :mod "A"))))
                          :op2 (z28 / person
                                    :ARG0-of (z29 / volunteer-01)
                                    :mod (z30 / type
                                              :mod (z31 / type
                                                        :mod "B"))))
               :ARG2 (z32 / diet
                          :consist-of (z33 / fat
                                           :ARG1-of (z34 / low-04)))
               :purpose (z35 / experiment-01))
    :snt3 (z36 / drop-01
               :ARG1 (z37 / level
                          :mod (z38 / cholesterol)
                          :poss (z39 / person
                                     :ARG0-of (z40 / volunteer-01)
                                     :mod (z41 / type
                                               :mod (z42 / string-entity
                                                         :value "B"))))
               :time (z43 / soon)
               :manner (z44 / substantial)
               :concession (z45 / change-01
                                :polarity -
                                :ARG1 (z46 / profile
                                           :mod (z47 / lipid)
                                           :poss z39)))
    :snt4 (z48 / contrast-01
               :ARG2 (z49 / and
                          :op1 (z50 / show-01
                                    :polarity -
                                    :ARG0 (z51 / person
                                               :ARG0-of (z52 / volunteer-01)
                                               :mod (z53 / type
                                                         :mod (z54 / type
                                                                   :mod "A")))
                                    :ARG1 (z55 / benefit-01
                                               :ARG0 (z56 / diet)
                                               :ARG1 z51))
                          :op2 (z57 / shift-01
                                    :ARG1 (z58 / person
                                               :ARG1-of (z59 / include-91
                                                             :ARG2 z51
                                                             :ARG3 (z60 / percentage-entity
                                                                        :value 40)))
                                    :ARG2 (z61 / profile
                                               :mod (z62 / type
                                                         :mod (z63 / string-entity
                                                                   :value "B")))
                                    :ARG1-of (z64 / actual-02))))
    :snt5 (z65 / experiment-01
               :ARG1 (z66 / put-03
                          :ARG1 (z67 / and
                                     :op1 (z68 / person
                                               :ARG0-of (z69 / volunteer-01)
                                               :mod (z70 / type
                                                         :mod (z71 / type
                                                                   :mod "A")))
                                     :op2 (z72 / person
                                               :ARG0-of (z73 / volunteer-01)
                                               :mod (z74 / type
                                                         :mod (z75 / type
                                                                   :mod "B"))))
                          :ARG2 (z76 / go-01
                                     :ARG1 z67
                                     :ARG2 (z77 / lunch-01)
                                     :manner (z78 / lunch-01)))
               :snt6 (z79 / and
                          :op1 (z80 / go-01
                                    :ARG1 (z81 / person
                                               :ARG0-of (z82 / volunteer-01)
                                               :mod (z83 / type
                                                         :mod "A"))
                                    :ARG2 (z84 / go-01
                                               :ARG1 z81
                                               :ARG4 (z85 / doorstep)))
                          :op2 (z86 / go-01
                                    :ARG1 (z87 / person
                                               :ARG0-of (z88 / volunteer-01)
                                               :mod (z89 / type
                                                         :mod "B_)_)"
                                                         :ARG2 (z90 / go-01
                                                                    :ARG1 z81
                                                                    :ARG4 z85))))
                          :snt7 (z91 / have-concession-91
                                     :ARG1 (z92 / and
                                                :op1 (z93 / show-01
                                                          :polarity -
                                                          :ARG0 (z94 / person
                                                                     :ARG0-of (z95 / volunteer-01)
                                                                     :mod (z96 / type
                                                                               :mod (z97 / type
                                                                                :mod "A_)_)_)"
                                                                                :ARG1 (z98 / benefit-01
                                                                                :ARG0 (z99 / diet)))
                                                                               :op2 (z100 / shift-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z101 / person
                                                                                :ARG0-of (z102 / volunteer-01)
                                                                                :mod (z103 / type
                                                                                :mod "B_)_)"
                                                                                :ARG2 (z104 / profile
                                                                                :mod z96)
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z105 / actual-02))))
                                                                               :snt8 (z106 / have-concession-91
                                                                                :ARG1 (z1000 / drop-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z1001 / level
                                                                                :mod (z1002 / cholesterol)
                                                                                :poss (z1003 / person
                                                                                :ARG0-of (z1004 / volunteer-01)
                                                                                :mod (z1005 / type
                                                                                :mod (z1006 / type
                                                                                :mod "B_)_)_)_)"
                                                                                :manner (z1007 / substantial))
                                                                                :time (z1008 / soon))
                                                                                :snt9 (z1009 / have-concession-91
                                                                                :ARG1 (z1010 / change-01
                                                                                :polarity -
                                                                                :ARG1 (z1011 / profile
                                                                                :mod (z1012 / lipid)
                                                                                :poss z1009))
                                                                                :ARG2 (z1013 / change-01
                                                                                :polarity -)))
                                                                                :snt10 (z1014 / contrast-01
                                                                                :ARG2 (z1015 / put-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z1016 / person
                                                                                :ARG0-of (z1017 / volunteer-01)
                                                                                :mod (z1018 / type
                                                                                :mod (z1019 / type
                                                                                :mod "A"))))
                                                                                :ARG2 (z107 / diet))
                                                                                :prep-in (z1020 / experiment-01))
                                                                                :snt11 (z1021 / put-on-12
                                                                                :ARG1 (z1022 / diet)
                                                                                :ARG2-of (z1023 / have-degree-91
                                                                                :ARG1 (z1024 / risk-01
                                                                                :ARG2 (z1025 / disease
                                                                                :mod (z1026 / heart))
                                                                                :ARG3 (z1027 / great)
                                                                                :ARG4 (z1028 / more
                                                                                :quant (z1029 / much)))))
                                                                                :snt12 (z1030 / put-03
                                                                                :ARG1 (z1031 / and
                                                                                :op1 (z1032 / person
                                                                                :ARG0-of (z108 / volunteer-01))
                                                                                :op2 (z1033 / person
                                                                                :ARG0-of (z1034 / volunteer-01)
                                                                                :mod (z1035 / type
                                                                                :mod (z1036 / type
                                                                                :mod "A_)_)_)_)"
                                                                                :prep-in (z1037 / type
                                                                                :mod (z1038 / type
                                                                                :mod (z1039 / type
                                                                                :mod "B_)_)_)"
                                                                                :prep-in (z1040 / and-incomplete)
                                                                                :prep-in (z1041 / name
                                                                                :op1 (z1042 / name
                                                                                :op1 "A"
                                                                                :op2 "A"))
                                                                                :prep-in (z1043 / name
                                                                                :op1 "A"
                                                                                :op2 "Reader"))
                                                                                :prep-in (z1044 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Reader"))
                                                                                :prep-in (z1045 / and-in-mind)
                                                                                :prep-in (z1046 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Reader"))
                                                                                :prep-for "(o3000 / older"
                                                                                :op1 (z1047 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Reader"))))))))))))))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ risk-01(z1) ∧ :ARG0(z1, z2) ∧ person(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z3, z2) ∧ have-03(z3) ∧ :ARG1(z3, z4) ∧ profile(z4) ∧ :mod(z4, z5) ∧ lipid(z5) ∧ :mod(z4, z6) ∧ type(z6) ∧ :mod(z6, z7) ∧ string-entity(z7) ∧ :value(z7, "B") ∧ :ARG2(z1, z8) ∧ disease(z8) ∧ :mod(z8, z9) ∧ heart(z9) ∧ :ARG1(z10, z1) ∧ have-degree-91(z10) ∧ :ARG2(z10, z11) ∧ great(z11) ∧ :ARG3(z10, z12) ∧ more(z12) ∧ :quant(z12, z13) ∧ much(z13) ∧ :ARG4(z10, z14) ∧ person(z14) ∧ :ARG0(z15, z14) ∧ have-03(z15) ∧ :ARG1(z15, z16) ∧ profile(z16) ∧ :mod(z16, z17) ∧ lipid(z17) ∧ :mod(z16, z18) ∧ type(z18) ∧ :mod(z18, z19) ∧ type(z19) ∧ :mod(z19, z20) ∧ string-entity(z20) ∧ :value(z20, "A") ∧ :snt2(z0, z21) ∧ put-01(z21) ∧ :ARG1(z21, z22) ∧ and(z22) ∧ :op1(z22, z23) ∧ person(z23) ∧ :ARG0(z24, z23) ∧ volunteer-01(z24) ∧ :mod(z23, z25) ∧ type(z25) ∧ :mod(z25, z26) ∧ type(z26) ∧ :mod(z26, z27) ∧ type(z27) ∧ :mod(z27, "A") ∧ :op2(z22, z28) ∧ person(z28) ∧ :ARG0(z29, z28) ∧ volunteer-01(z29) ∧ :mod(z28, z30) ∧ type(z30) ∧ :mod(z30, z31) ∧ type(z31) ∧ :mod(z31, "B") ∧ :ARG2(z21, z32) ∧ diet(z32) ∧ :consist(z33, z32) ∧ fat(z33) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z33) ∧ low-04(z34) ∧ :purpose(z21, z35) ∧ experiment-01(z35) ∧ :snt3(z0, z36) ∧ drop-01(z36) ∧ :ARG1(z36, z37) ∧ level(z37) ∧ :mod(z37, z38) ∧ cholesterol(z38) ∧ :poss(z37, z39) ∧ person(z39) ∧ :ARG0(z40, z39) ∧ volunteer-01(z40) ∧ :mod(z39, z41) ∧ type(z41) ∧ :mod(z41, z42) ∧ string-entity(z42) ∧ :value(z42, "B") ∧ :time(z36, z43) ∧ soon(z43) ∧ :manner(z36, z44) ∧ substantial(z44) ∧ ¬(:concession(z36, z45) ∧ change-01(z45) ∧ :ARG1(z45, z46) ∧ profile(z46) ∧ :mod(z46, z47) ∧ lipid(z47) ∧ :poss(z46, z39)) ∧ :snt4(z0, z48) ∧ contrast-01(z48) ∧ :ARG2(z48, z49) ∧ and(z49) ∧ ¬(:op1(z49, z50) ∧ show-01(z50) ∧ :ARG0(z50, z51) ∧ person(z51) ∧ :ARG0(z52, z51) ∧ volunteer-01(z52) ∧ :mod(z51, z53) ∧ type(z53) ∧ :mod(z53, z54) ∧ type(z54) ∧ :mod(z54, "A") ∧ :ARG1(z50, z55) ∧ benefit-01(z55) ∧ :ARG0(z55, z56) ∧ diet(z56) ∧ :ARG1(z55, z51)) ∧ :op2(z49, z57) ∧ shift-01(z57) ∧ :ARG1(z57, z58) ∧ person(z58) ∧ :ARG1(z59, z58) ∧ include-91(z59) ∧ :ARG2(z59, z51) ∧ :ARG3(z59, z60) ∧ percentage-entity(z60) ∧ :value(z60, 40) ∧ :ARG2(z57, z61) ∧ profile(z61) ∧ :mod(z61, z62) ∧ type(z62) ∧ :mod(z62, z63) ∧ string-entity(z63) ∧ :value(z63, "B") ∧ :ARG1(z64, z57) ∧ actual-02(z64) ∧ :snt5(z0, z65) ∧ experiment-01(z65) ∧ :ARG1(z65, z66) ∧ put-03(z66) ∧ :ARG1(z66, z67) ∧ and(z67) ∧ :op1(z67, z68) ∧ person(z68) ∧ :ARG0(z69, z68) ∧ volunteer-01(z69) ∧ :mod(z68, z70) ∧ type(z70) ∧ :mod(z70, z71) ∧ type(z71) ∧ :mod(z71, "A") ∧ :op2(z67, z72) ∧ person(z72) ∧ :ARG0(z73, z72) ∧ volunteer-01(z73) ∧ :mod(z72, z74) ∧ type(z74) ∧ :mod(z74, z75) ∧ type(z75) ∧ :mod(z75, "B") ∧ :ARG2(z66, z76) ∧ go-01(z76) ∧ :ARG1(z76, z67) ∧ :ARG2(z76, z77) ∧ lunch-01(z77) ∧ :manner(z76, z78) ∧ lunch-01(z78) ∧ :snt6(z65, z79) ∧ and(z79) ∧ :op1(z79, z80) ∧ go-01(z80) ∧ :ARG1(z80, z81) ∧ person(z81) ∧ :ARG0(z82, z81) ∧ volunteer-01(z82) ∧ :mod(z81, z83) ∧ type(z83) ∧ :mod(z83, "A") ∧ :ARG2(z80, z84) ∧ go-01(z84) ∧ :ARG1(z84, z81) ∧ :ARG4(z84, z85) ∧ doorstep(z85) ∧ :op2(z79, z86) ∧ go-01(z86) ∧ :ARG1(z86, z87) ∧ person(z87) ∧ :ARG0(z88, z87) ∧ volunteer-01(z88) ∧ :mod(z87, z89) ∧ type(z89) ∧ :mod(z89, "B_)_)") ∧ :ARG2(z89, z90) ∧ go-01(z90) ∧ :ARG1(z90, z81) ∧ :ARG4(z90, z85) ∧ :snt7(z79, z91) ∧ have-concession-91(z91) ∧ :ARG1(z91, z92) ∧ and(z92) ∧ ¬(:op1(z92, z93) ∧ show-01(z93) ∧ :ARG0(z93, z94) ∧ person(z94) ∧ :ARG0(z95, z94) ∧ volunteer-01(z95) ∧ :mod(z94, z96) ∧ type(z96) ∧ :mod(z96, z97) ∧ type(z97) ∧ :mod(z97, "A_)_)_)") ∧ :ARG1(z97, z98) ∧ benefit-01(z98) ∧ :ARG0(z98, z99) ∧ diet(z99) ∧ :op2(z96, z100) ∧ shift-01(z100) ∧ :ARG1(z100, z101) ∧ person(z101) ∧ :ARG0(z102, z101) ∧ volunteer-01(z102) ∧ :mod(z101, z103) ∧ type(z103) ∧ :mod(z103, "B_)_)") ∧ :ARG2(z103, z104) ∧ profile(z104) ∧ :mod(z104, z96) ∧ :ARG1(z105, z103) ∧ actual-02(z105) ∧ :snt8(z96, z106) ∧ have-concession-91(z106) ∧ :ARG1(z106, z1000) ∧ drop-01(z1000) ∧ :ARG1(z1000, z1001) ∧ level(z1001) ∧ :mod(z1001, z1002) ∧ cholesterol(z1002) ∧ :poss(z1001, z1003) ∧ person(z1003) ∧ :ARG0(z1004, z1003) ∧ volunteer-01(z1004) ∧ :mod(z1003, z1005) ∧ type(z1005) ∧ :mod(z1005, z1006) ∧ type(z1006) ∧ :mod(z1006, "B_)_)_)_)") ∧ :manner(z1006, z1007) ∧ substantial(z1007) ∧ :time(z1005, z1008) ∧ soon(z1008) ∧ :snt9(z1003, z1009) ∧ have-concession-91(z1009) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z1009, z1010) ∧ change-01(z1010) ∧ :ARG1(z1010, z1011) ∧ profile(z1011) ∧ :mod(z1011, z1012) ∧ lipid(z1012) ∧ :poss(z1011, z1009)) ∧ ¬(:ARG2(z1009, z1013) ∧ change-01(z1013)) ∧ :snt10(z1001, z1014) ∧ contrast-01(z1014) ∧ :ARG2(z1014, z1015) ∧ put-01(z1015) ∧ :ARG1(z1015, z1016) ∧ person(z1016) ∧ :ARG0(z1017, z1016) ∧ volunteer-01(z1017) ∧ :mod(z1016, z1018) ∧ type(z1018) ∧ :mod(z1018, z1019) ∧ type(z1019) ∧ :mod(z1019, "A") ∧ :ARG2(z1014, z107) ∧ diet(z107) ∧ :prep-in(z1001, z1020) ∧ experiment-01(z1020) ∧ :snt11(z1000, z1021) ∧ put-on-12(z1021) ∧ :ARG1(z1021, z1022) ∧ diet(z1022) ∧ :ARG2(z1023, z1021) ∧ have-degree-91(z1023) ∧ :ARG1(z1023, z1024) ∧ risk-01(z1024) ∧ :ARG2(z1024, z1025) ∧ disease(z1025) ∧ :mod(z1025, z1026) ∧ heart(z1026) ∧ :ARG3(z1024, z1027) ∧ great(z1027) ∧ :ARG4(z1024, z1028) ∧ more(z1028) ∧ :quant(z1028, z1029) ∧ much(z1029) ∧ :snt12(z1000, z1030) ∧ put-03(z1030) ∧ :ARG1(z1030, z1031) ∧ and(z1031) ∧ :op1(z1031, z1032) ∧ person(z1032) ∧ :ARG0(z108, z1032) ∧ volunteer-01(z108) ∧ :op2(z1031, z1033) ∧ person(z1033) ∧ :ARG0(z1034, z1033) ∧ volunteer-01(z1034) ∧ :mod(z1033, z1035) ∧ type(z1035) ∧ :mod(z1035, z1036) ∧ type(z1036) ∧ :mod(z1036, "A_)_)_)_)") ∧ :prep-in(z1036, z1037) ∧ type(z1037) ∧ :mod(z1037, z1038) ∧ type(z1038) ∧ :mod(z1038, z1039) ∧ type(z1039) ∧ :mod(z1039, "B_)_)_)") ∧ :prep-in(z1039, z1040) ∧ and-incomplete(z1040) ∧ :prep-in(z1039, z1041) ∧ name(z1041) ∧ :op1(z1041, z1042) ∧ name(z1042) ∧ :op1(z1042, "A") ∧ :op2(z1042, "A") ∧ :prep-in(z1039, z1043) ∧ name(z1043) ∧ :op1(z1043, "A") ∧ :op2(z1043, "Reader") ∧ :prep-in(z1038, z1044) ∧ name(z1044) ∧ :op1(z1044, "Reader") ∧ :prep-in(z1037, z1045) ∧ and-in-mind(z1045) ∧ :prep-in(z1037, z1046) ∧ name(z1046) ∧ :op1(z1046, "Reader") ∧ :prep-for(z1036, "(o3000 / older") ∧ :op1(z1036, z1047) ∧ name(z1047) ∧ :op1(z1047, "Reader"))


There are three traditional standards of civilization, namely writing, bronzes and cities. However, many archaeologists later discovered that due to the differences in civilizations in different regions, this criterion not only does not work, but also hinders archaeological work. Nowadays, the international standard for judging civilization is mainly: it has entered the state and social form, and has a set of etiquette system and governance management system. Although the Liangzhu culture did not have bronze wares and relatively mature characters, it had an early state and social form, a relatively complete etiquette system and management system, and many elements of oriental civilization. Some archaeological researchers of the Liangzhu Culture even believe that the Liangzhu Culture is a comprehensive civilization in the early East.

Question: Which of the followings is the emphasis of this text?

Choices:
- Cities should be the primary criterion for identifying civilization
- Liangzhu culture conforms to the prevailing standards of civilization judgment
- Traditional criteria for judging civilizations still have realistic significance
- Liangzhu culture subverts the traditional understanding of civilization

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / standard-02
              :quant 3
              :ARG1 (z2 / civilization)
              :ARG2 (z3 / and
                        :op1 (z4 / write-01)
                        :op2 (z5 / bronze)
                        :op3 (z6 / city))
              :mod (z7 / tradition))
    :snt2 (z8 / contrast-01
              :ARG2 (z9 / discover-01
                        :ARG0 (z10 / archaeologist
                                   :quant (z11 / many))
                        :ARG1 (z12 / and
                                   :op1 (z13 / work-09
                                             :polarity -
                                             :ARG1 (z14 / criterion
                                                        :mod (z15 / this))
                                             :ARG1-of (z16 / cause-01
                                                           :ARG0 (z17 / differ-02
                                                                      :ARG1 (z18 / civilization
                                                                                :location (z19 / region
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z20 / differ-02))))))
                                   :op2 (z21 / hinder-01
                                             :ARG0 z14
                                             :ARG1 (z22 / work-01
                                                        :ARG1 (z23 / archaeology))
                                             :mod (z24 / also)))
                        :time (z25 / after)))
    :snt3 (z26 / standard-02
               :ARG1 (z27 / judge-01
                          :ARG1 (z28 / civilization)
                          :ARG2 (z29 / and
                                     :op1 (z30 / enter-01
                                               :ARG0 z28
                                               :ARG1 (z31 / and
                                                          :op1 (z32 / state)
                                                          :op2 (z33 / social)))
                                     :op2 (z34 / have-03
                                               :ARG0 z28
                                               :ARG1 (z35 / set
                                                          :consist-of (z36 / and
                                                                           :op1 (z37 / system
                                                                                :mod (z38 / Etiquette))
                                                                           :op2 (z39 / system
                                                                                :mod (z40 / manage-01))
                                                                           :ARG1-of (z41 / complete-02
                                                                                :ARG2-of (z42 / relative-05))))))
                          :mod (z43 / international)
                          :mod (z44 / main)
                          :time (z45 / nowadays))
               :snt4 (z46 / have-concession-91
                          :ARG1 (z47 / have-03
                                     :ARG0 z28
                                     :ARG1 (z48 / and
                                                :op1 (z49 / ware
                                                          :consist-of (z50 / bronze))
                                                :op2 (z51 / character
                                                          :ARG1-of (z52 / mature-02
                                                                        :ARG2-of (z53 / relative-05)))
                                                :op3 (z54 / element
                                                          :quant (z55 / many)
                                                          :mod (z56 / civilization
                                                                    :mod (z57 / world-region
                                                                              :wiki "Oriental_world"
                                                                              :name (z58 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Oriental"))))))
                          :ARG2 (z59 / have-03
                                     :polarity -
                                     :ARG0 (z60 / culture
                                                :wiki "Liangzhu"
                                                :name (z61 / name
                                                           :op1 "Liangzhu"
                                                           :op2 "Culture"))
                                     :ARG1 (z62 / and
                                                :op1 (z63 / ware
                                                          :consist-of (z64 / bronze))
                                                :op2 (z65 / character
                                                          :ARG1-of (z66 / mature-02
                                                                        :ARG2-of (z67 / relative-05))))
                                     :concession (z68 / have-03
                                                      :ARG0 z60
                                                      :ARG1 (z69 / and
                                                                 :op1 (z70 / form
                                                                           :mod (z71 / state)
                                                                           :mod (z72 / early))
                                                                 :op2 (z73 / form
                                                                           :mod (z74 / social))))))
               :snt5 (z75 / believe-01
                          :ARG0 (z76 / person
                                     :ARG0-of (z77 / research-01
                                                   :ARG1 (z78 / culture
                                                              :wiki "Liangzhu"
                                                              :name (z79 / name
                                                                         :op1 "Liangzhu"
                                                                         :op2 "Culture")))
                                     :mod (z80 / some))
                          :ARG1 (z81 / civilization
                                     :mod (z82 / comprehensive)
                                     :time (z83 / early
                                                :op1 (z84 / world-region
                                                          :wiki "Eastern_world"
                                                          :name (z85 / name
                                                                     :op1 "East"))))
                          :mod (z86 / even))
               :snt6 (z87 / have-concession-91
                          :ARG1 (z88 / have-03
                                     :polarity -
                                     :ARG0 (z89 / culture
                                                :wiki "Liangzhu"
                                                :name (z90 / name
                                                           :op1 "Liangzhu"
                                                           :op2 "Culture"))
                                     :ARG1 (z91 / and
                                                :op1 (z92 / ware
                                                          :consist-of (z93 / bronze))
                                                :op2 (z94 / character
                                                          :ARG1-of (z95 / mature-02
                                                                        :ARG2-of (z96 / relative-05)))))
                          :ARG2 (z97 / have-03
                                     :polarity -)))
    :snt7 (z98 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z99 / have-03
                          :ARG1 (z100 / and
                                      :op1 (z1000 / ware
                                                  :consist-of (z1001 / bronze))
                                      :op2 (z1002 / character
                                                  :ARG1-of (z1003 / mature
                                                                  :ARG2-of (z1004 / relative-05)))))
               :ARG2 (z101 / have-03))
    :snt8 (z1005 / have-03)
    :snt9 (z1006 / have-03
                 :prep-with (z1007 / and
                                   :op1 (z1008 / ware
                                               :consist-of (z1009 / bronze))
                                   :op2 (z1010 / ware
                                               :consist-of (z1011 / bronze)))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ standard-02(z1) ∧ :quant(z1, 3) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z2) ∧ civilization(z2) ∧ :ARG2(z1, z3) ∧ and(z3) ∧ :op1(z3, z4) ∧ write-01(z4) ∧ :op2(z3, z5) ∧ bronze(z5) ∧ :op3(z3, z6) ∧ city(z6) ∧ :mod(z1, z7) ∧ tradition(z7) ∧ :snt2(z0, z8) ∧ contrast-01(z8) ∧ :ARG2(z8, z9) ∧ discover-01(z9) ∧ :ARG0(z9, z10) ∧ archaeologist(z10) ∧ :quant(z10, z11) ∧ many(z11) ∧ :ARG1(z9, z12) ∧ and(z12) ∧ ¬(:op1(z12, z13) ∧ work-09(z13) ∧ :ARG1(z13, z14) ∧ criterion(z14) ∧ :mod(z14, z15) ∧ this(z15) ∧ :ARG1(z16, z13) ∧ cause-01(z16) ∧ :ARG0(z16, z17) ∧ differ-02(z17) ∧ :ARG1(z17, z18) ∧ civilization(z18) ∧ :location(z18, z19) ∧ region(z19) ∧ :ARG1(z20, z19) ∧ differ-02(z20)) ∧ :op2(z12, z21) ∧ hinder-01(z21) ∧ :ARG0(z21, z14) ∧ :ARG1(z21, z22) ∧ work-01(z22) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z23) ∧ archaeology(z23) ∧ :mod(z21, z24) ∧ also(z24) ∧ :time(z9, z25) ∧ after(z25) ∧ :snt3(z0, z26) ∧ standard-02(z26) ∧ :ARG1(z26, z27) ∧ judge-01(z27) ∧ :ARG1(z27, z28) ∧ civilization(z28) ∧ :ARG2(z27, z29) ∧ and(z29) ∧ :op1(z29, z30) ∧ enter-01(z30) ∧ :ARG0(z30, z28) ∧ :ARG1(z30, z31) ∧ and(z31) ∧ :op1(z31, z32) ∧ state(z32) ∧ :op2(z31, z33) ∧ social(z33) ∧ :op2(z29, z34) ∧ have-03(z34) ∧ :ARG0(z34, z28) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z35) ∧ set(z35) ∧ :consist(z36, z35) ∧ and(z36) ∧ :op1(z36, z37) ∧ system(z37) ∧ :mod(z37, z38) ∧ Etiquette(z38) ∧ :op2(z36, z39) ∧ system(z39) ∧ :mod(z39, z40) ∧ manage-01(z40) ∧ :ARG1(z41, z36) ∧ complete-02(z41) ∧ :ARG2(z42, z41) ∧ relative-05(z42) ∧ :mod(z27, z43) ∧ international(z43) ∧ :mod(z27, z44) ∧ main(z44) ∧ :time(z27, z45) ∧ nowadays(z45) ∧ :snt4(z26, z46) ∧ have-concession-91(z46) ∧ :ARG1(z46, z47) ∧ have-03(z47) ∧ :ARG0(z47, z28) ∧ :ARG1(z47, z48) ∧ and(z48) ∧ :op1(z48, z49) ∧ ware(z49) ∧ :consist(z50, z49) ∧ bronze(z50) ∧ :op2(z48, z51) ∧ character(z51) ∧ :ARG1(z52, z51) ∧ mature-02(z52) ∧ :ARG2(z53, z52) ∧ relative-05(z53) ∧ :op3(z48, z54) ∧ element(z54) ∧ :quant(z54, z55) ∧ many(z55) ∧ :mod(z54, z56) ∧ civilization(z56) ∧ :mod(z56, z57) ∧ world-region(z57) ∧ :wiki(z57, "Oriental_world") ∧ :name(z57, z58) ∧ name(z58) ∧ :op1(z58, "Oriental") ∧ ¬(:ARG2(z46, z59) ∧ have-03(z59) ∧ :ARG0(z59, z60) ∧ culture(z60) ∧ :wiki(z60, "Liangzhu") ∧ :name(z60, z61) ∧ name(z61) ∧ :op1(z61, "Liangzhu") ∧ :op2(z61, "Culture") ∧ :ARG1(z59, z62) ∧ and(z62) ∧ :op1(z62, z63) ∧ ware(z63) ∧ :consist(z64, z63) ∧ bronze(z64) ∧ :op2(z62, z65) ∧ character(z65) ∧ :ARG1(z66, z65) ∧ mature-02(z66) ∧ :ARG2(z67, z66) ∧ relative-05(z67) ∧ :concession(z59, z68) ∧ have-03(z68) ∧ :ARG0(z68, z60) ∧ :ARG1(z68, z69) ∧ and(z69) ∧ :op1(z69, z70) ∧ form(z70) ∧ :mod(z70, z71) ∧ state(z71) ∧ :mod(z70, z72) ∧ early(z72) ∧ :op2(z69, z73) ∧ form(z73) ∧ :mod(z73, z74) ∧ social(z74)) ∧ :snt5(z26, z75) ∧ believe-01(z75) ∧ :ARG0(z75, z76) ∧ person(z76) ∧ :ARG0(z77, z76) ∧ research-01(z77) ∧ :ARG1(z77, z78) ∧ culture(z78) ∧ :wiki(z78, "Liangzhu") ∧ :name(z78, z79) ∧ name(z79) ∧ :op1(z79, "Liangzhu") ∧ :op2(z79, "Culture") ∧ :mod(z76, z80) ∧ some(z80) ∧ :ARG1(z75, z81) ∧ civilization(z81) ∧ :mod(z81, z82) ∧ comprehensive(z82) ∧ :time(z81, z83) ∧ early(z83) ∧ :op1(z83, z84) ∧ world-region(z84) ∧ :wiki(z84, "Eastern_world") ∧ :name(z84, z85) ∧ name(z85) ∧ :op1(z85, "East") ∧ :mod(z75, z86) ∧ even(z86) ∧ :snt6(z26, z87) ∧ have-concession-91(z87) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z87, z88) ∧ have-03(z88) ∧ :ARG0(z88, z89) ∧ culture(z89) ∧ :wiki(z89, "Liangzhu") ∧ :name(z89, z90) ∧ name(z90) ∧ :op1(z90, "Liangzhu") ∧ :op2(z90, "Culture") ∧ :ARG1(z88, z91) ∧ and(z91) ∧ :op1(z91, z92) ∧ ware(z92) ∧ :consist(z93, z92) ∧ bronze(z93) ∧ :op2(z91, z94) ∧ character(z94) ∧ :ARG1(z95, z94) ∧ mature-02(z95) ∧ :ARG2(z96, z95) ∧ relative-05(z96)) ∧ ¬(:ARG2(z87, z97) ∧ have-03(z97)) ∧ :snt7(z0, z98) ∧ have-concession-91(z98) ∧ :ARG1(z98, z99) ∧ have-03(z99) ∧ :ARG1(z99, z100) ∧ and(z100) ∧ :op1(z100, z1000) ∧ ware(z1000) ∧ :consist(z1001, z1000) ∧ bronze(z1001) ∧ :op2(z100, z1002) ∧ character(z1002) ∧ :ARG1(z1003, z1002) ∧ mature(z1003) ∧ :ARG2(z1004, z1003) ∧ relative-05(z1004) ∧ :ARG2(z98, z101) ∧ have-03(z101) ∧ :snt8(z0, z1005) ∧ have-03(z1005) ∧ :snt9(z0, z1006) ∧ have-03(z1006) ∧ :prep-with(z1006, z1007) ∧ and(z1007) ∧ :op1(z1007, z1008) ∧ ware(z1008) ∧ :consist(z1009, z1008) ∧ bronze(z1009) ∧ :op2(z1007, z1010) ∧ ware(z1010) ∧ :consist(z1011, z1010) ∧ bronze(z1011)


For several centuries there have been hairless dogs in western Mexico and in coastal Peru. It is very unlikely that a trait as rare as hairlessness emerged on two separate occasions. Since the dogs have never existed in the wild, and the vast mountainous jungle separating these two regions would have made overland travel between them extremely difficult centuries ago, the dogs must have been transported from one of these regions to the other by boat, probably during trading expeditions.

Question: Which one of the following is an assumption that the argument requires?

Choices:
- Hairless dogs have never been found anywhere except in the regions of western Mexico and coastal Peru.
- Centuries ago, it was easier to travel by boat between western Mexico and coastal Peru than to travel by an overland route.
- If hairless dogs were at one time transported between western Mexico and coastal Peru by boat, they were traded in exchange for other goods.
- Most of the trade goods that came into western Mexico centuries ago were transported by boat.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / be-located-at-91
              :ARG1 (z2 / dog
                        :ARG0-of (z3 / have-03
                                     :polarity -
                                     :ARG1 (z4 / hair)))
              :ARG2 (z5 / and
                        :op1 (z6 / west
                                 :part-of (z7 / country
                                              :wiki "Mexico"
                                              :name (z8 / name
                                                        :op1 "Mexico")))
                        :op2 (z9 / coast
                                 :part-of (z10 / country
                                               :wiki "Peru"
                                               :name (z11 / name
                                                          :op1 "Peru"))))
              :duration (z12 / several
                             :op1 (z13 / temporal-quantity
                                       :quant 1
                                       :unit (z14 / century))))
    :snt2 (z15 / likely-01
               :polarity -
               :ARG1 (z16 / emerge-02
                          :ARG0 (z17 / trait
                                     :ARG1-of (z18 / have-degree-91
                                                   :ARG2 (z19 / rare-02
                                                              :ARG1 z17)
                                                   :ARG3 (z20 / equal)
                                                   :ARG4 (z21 / hair
                                                              :polarity -)))
                          :time (z22 / occasion-02
                                     :quant 2
                                     :ARG1-of (z23 / separate-02)))
               :degree (z24 / very))
    :snt3 (z25 / infer-01
               :ARG1 (z26 / transport-01
                          :ARG1 (z27 / dog)
                          :ARG3 (z28 / one
                                     :ARG1-of (z29 / include-91
                                                   :ARG2 (z30 / region
                                                              :mod (z31 / this))))
                          :ARG4 (z32 / other
                                     :ARG1-of z29)
                          :instrument (z33 / boat)
                          :time (z34 / expedition
                                     :purpose (z35 / trade-01)
                                     :mod (z36 / probable)))
               :ARG1-of (z37 / cause-01
                             :ARG0 (z38 / and
                                        :op1 (z39 / exist-01
                                                  :polarity -
                                                  :ARG1 z27
                                                  :location (z40 / wild)
                                                  :time (z41 / ever))
                                        :op2 (z42 / make-02
                                                  :ARG0 (z43 / jungle
                                                             :mod (z44 / vast)
                                                             :mod (z45 / mountain)
                                                             :ARG0-of (z46 / separate-01
                                                                           :ARG1 z30))
                                                  :ARG1 (z47 / difficult
                                                             :domain (z48 / travel-01
                                                                          :ARG1 (z49 / between
                                                                                :op1 z30
                                                                                :op2 z32)
                                                                          :path (z50 / overland))
                                                             :degree (z51 / extreme)
                                                             :time (z52 / before
                                                                        :op1 (z53 / now)
                                                                        :quant (z54 / multiple
                                                                                :op1 (z55 / temporal-quantity
                                                                                :quant 1
                                                                                :unit (z56 / century)))))))))
    :snt2 (z57 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z58 / obligate-01
                          :ARG2 (z59 / transport-01
                                     :ARG1 (z60 / dog)
                                     :ARG3 (z61 / one
                                                :ARG1-of (z62 / include-91
                                                              :ARG2 z30))
                                     :ARG4 (z63 / other
                                                :ARG1-of (z64 / include-91
                                                              :ARG2 z30))
                                     :manner (z65 / boat)
                                     :time (z66 / pass-03
                                                :ARG1 (z67 / before
                                                           :op1 (z68 / now)
                                                           :quant (z69 / multiple
                                                                       :op1 (z70 / temporal-quantity
                                                                                :quant 1
                                                                                :unit (z71 / century))))))))
    :snt3 (z72 / likely-01
               :ARG1 (z73 / emerge-02
                          :ARG0 (z74 / trait
                                     :ARG1-of (z75 / rare-02
                                                   :ARG2-of (z76 / have-degree-91
                                                                 :ARG1 z74
                                                                 :ARG3 (z77 / equal)
                                                                 :ARG4 (z78 / hair
                                                                            :polarity -))))
                          :time (z79 / occasion-02
                                     :quant 2
                                     :ARG1-of (z80 / separate-02))))
    :op1 (z82 / west
              :part-of (z83 / country
                            :wiki "Mexico"
                            :name (z84 / name
                                       :op1 "Mexico")))
    :op2 (z85 / coast
              :part-of z10))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ be-located-at-91(z1) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z2) ∧ dog(z2) ∧ ¬(:ARG0(z3, z2) ∧ have-03(z3) ∧ :ARG1(z3, z4) ∧ hair(z4)) ∧ :ARG2(z1, z5) ∧ and(z5) ∧ :op1(z5, z6) ∧ west(z6) ∧ :part(z7, z6) ∧ country(z7) ∧ :wiki(z7, "Mexico") ∧ :name(z7, z8) ∧ name(z8) ∧ :op1(z8, "Mexico") ∧ :op2(z5, z9) ∧ coast(z9) ∧ :part(z10, z9) ∧ country(z10) ∧ :wiki(z10, "Peru") ∧ :name(z10, z11) ∧ name(z11) ∧ :op1(z11, "Peru") ∧ :duration(z1, z12) ∧ several(z12) ∧ :op1(z12, z13) ∧ temporal-quantity(z13) ∧ :quant(z13, 1) ∧ :unit(z13, z14) ∧ century(z14) ∧ ¬(:snt2(z0, z15) ∧ likely-01(z15) ∧ :ARG1(z15, z16) ∧ emerge-02(z16) ∧ :ARG0(z16, z17) ∧ trait(z17) ∧ :ARG1(z18, z17) ∧ have-degree-91(z18) ∧ :ARG2(z18, z19) ∧ rare-02(z19) ∧ :ARG1(z19, z17) ∧ :ARG3(z18, z20) ∧ equal(z20) ∧ ¬(:ARG4(z18, z21) ∧ hair(z21)) ∧ :time(z16, z22) ∧ occasion-02(z22) ∧ :quant(z22, 2) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z22) ∧ separate-02(z23) ∧ :degree(z15, z24) ∧ very(z24)) ∧ :snt3(z0, z25) ∧ infer-01(z25) ∧ :ARG1(z25, z26) ∧ transport-01(z26) ∧ :ARG1(z26, z27) ∧ dog(z27) ∧ :ARG3(z26, z28) ∧ one(z28) ∧ :ARG1(z29, z28) ∧ include-91(z29) ∧ :ARG2(z29, z30) ∧ region(z30) ∧ :mod(z30, z31) ∧ this(z31) ∧ :ARG4(z26, z32) ∧ other(z32) ∧ :ARG1(z29, z32) ∧ :instrument(z26, z33) ∧ boat(z33) ∧ :time(z26, z34) ∧ expedition(z34) ∧ :purpose(z34, z35) ∧ trade-01(z35) ∧ :mod(z34, z36) ∧ probable(z36) ∧ :ARG1(z37, z25) ∧ cause-01(z37) ∧ :ARG0(z37, z38) ∧ and(z38) ∧ ¬(:op1(z38, z39) ∧ exist-01(z39) ∧ :ARG1(z39, z27) ∧ :location(z39, z40) ∧ wild(z40) ∧ :time(z39, z41) ∧ ever(z41)) ∧ :op2(z38, z42) ∧ make-02(z42) ∧ :ARG0(z42, z43) ∧ jungle(z43) ∧ :mod(z43, z44) ∧ vast(z44) ∧ :mod(z43, z45) ∧ mountain(z45) ∧ :ARG0(z46, z43) ∧ separate-01(z46) ∧ :ARG1(z46, z30) ∧ :ARG1(z42, z47) ∧ difficult(z47) ∧ :domain(z47, z48) ∧ travel-01(z48) ∧ :ARG1(z48, z49) ∧ between(z49) ∧ :op1(z49, z30) ∧ :op2(z49, z32) ∧ :path(z48, z50) ∧ overland(z50) ∧ :degree(z47, z51) ∧ extreme(z51) ∧ :time(z47, z52) ∧ before(z52) ∧ :op1(z52, z53) ∧ now(z53) ∧ :quant(z52, z54) ∧ multiple(z54) ∧ :op1(z54, z55) ∧ temporal-quantity(z55) ∧ :quant(z55, 1) ∧ :unit(z55, z56) ∧ century(z56) ∧ :snt2(z0, z57) ∧ have-concession-91(z57) ∧ :ARG1(z57, z58) ∧ obligate-01(z58) ∧ :ARG2(z58, z59) ∧ transport-01(z59) ∧ :ARG1(z59, z60) ∧ dog(z60) ∧ :ARG3(z59, z61) ∧ one(z61) ∧ :ARG1(z62, z61) ∧ include-91(z62) ∧ :ARG2(z62, z30) ∧ :ARG4(z59, z63) ∧ other(z63) ∧ :ARG1(z64, z63) ∧ include-91(z64) ∧ :ARG2(z64, z30) ∧ :manner(z59, z65) ∧ boat(z65) ∧ :time(z59, z66) ∧ pass-03(z66) ∧ :ARG1(z66, z67) ∧ before(z67) ∧ :op1(z67, z68) ∧ now(z68) ∧ :quant(z67, z69) ∧ multiple(z69) ∧ :op1(z69, z70) ∧ temporal-quantity(z70) ∧ :quant(z70, 1) ∧ :unit(z70, z71) ∧ century(z71) ∧ :snt3(z0, z72) ∧ likely-01(z72) ∧ :ARG1(z72, z73) ∧ emerge-02(z73) ∧ :ARG0(z73, z74) ∧ trait(z74) ∧ :ARG1(z75, z74) ∧ rare-02(z75) ∧ :ARG2(z76, z75) ∧ have-degree-91(z76) ∧ :ARG1(z76, z74) ∧ :ARG3(z76, z77) ∧ equal(z77) ∧ ¬(:ARG4(z76, z78) ∧ hair(z78)) ∧ :time(z73, z79) ∧ occasion-02(z79) ∧ :quant(z79, 2) ∧ :ARG1(z80, z79) ∧ separate-02(z80) ∧ :op1(z0, z82) ∧ west(z82) ∧ :part(z83, z82) ∧ country(z83) ∧ :wiki(z83, "Mexico") ∧ :name(z83, z84) ∧ name(z84) ∧ :op1(z84, "Mexico") ∧ :op2(z0, z85) ∧ coast(z85) ∧ :part(z10, z85)


Credit quality blacklist refers to the disclosure of certain individuals or units' breach of contract and law violations in economic activities within a certain range through a certain information system, thereby recording taints, criticism and supervision, and punishment and inhibition of such behaviors. Management methods.

Question: Which of the following options does not meet the above definition?

Choices:
- The China Banking Regulatory Commission recently issued a notification list to various financial institutions, calling for a high degree of vigilance against loans from companies on the list
- A magazine disclosed that when a passenger asked for an invoice from the dining car, he actually got a receipt with the words meal expenses written on it
- The People's Bank of China has added credit delinquents to its personal credit information database since October 1
- The cultural administrative department of a province recently decided to establish credit files for various cultural business units, and those with poor credit will be punished

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / refer-01
              :ARG1 (z2 / blacklist-01
                        :ARG1 (z3 / quality
                                  :mod (z4 / credit)))
              :ARG2 (z5 / disclose-01
                        :ARG1 (z6 / and
                                  :op1 (z7 / breach-01
                                           :ARG0 (z8 / or
                                                     :op1 (z9 / individual)
                                                     :op2 (z10 / unit)
                                                     :mod (z11 / certain))
                                           :ARG1 (z12 / contract))
                                  :op2 (z13 / violate-01
                                            :ARG0 z8
                                            :ARG1 (z14 / law))
                                  :subevent-of (z15 / activity-06
                                                    :ARG1 (z16 / economy)
                                                    :ARG1-of (z17 / range-01
                                                                  :ARG2 (z18 / certain))))
                        :medium (z19 / system
                                     :mod (z20 / information)
                                     :mod (z21 / certain))
                        :ARG0-of (z22 / cause-01
                                      :ARG1 (z23 / record-01
                                                 :ARG1 (z24 / and
                                                            :op1 (z25 / taint-01)
                                                            :op2 (z26 / and
                                                                      :op1 (z27 / criticize-01)
                                                                      :op2 (z28 / supervise-01))
                                                            :op3 (z29 / and
                                                                      :op1 (z30 / punish-01
                                                                                :ARG2 (z31 / behave-01
                                                                                :mod (z32 / such)))
                                                                      :op2 (z33 / inhibit-01
                                                                                :ARG1 z31)))
                                                 :ARG0-of (z34 / cause-01
                                                               :ARG1 (z35 / blacklist-01)))))
              :snt2 (z36 / method
                         :mod (z37 / manage-01))
              :snt3 (z38 / go-01
                         :ARG1 (z39 / manage-01)
                         :direction (z40 / out))
              :snt4 (z41 / cause-01
                         :ARG1 (z42 / log-03
                                    :ARG1 (z43 / and
                                               :op1 (z44 / breach-01
                                                         :ARG0 (z45 / or
                                                                    :op1 (z46 / individual)
                                                                    :op2 (z47 / unit)
                                                                    :mod (z48 / certain))
                                                         :ARG1 (z49 / contract))
                                               :op2 (z50 / violate-01
                                                         :ARG0 z45
                                                         :ARG1 (z51 / law))
                                               :subevent-of (z52 / activity-06
                                                                 :ARG1 (z53 / economy)
                                                                 :ARG1-of (z54 / range-01
                                                                               :ARG2 (z55 / certain))))
                                    :instrument (z56 / system
                                                     :mod (z57 / information)
                                                     :mod (z58 / certain))))
              :snt5 (z59 / method
                         :mod (z60 / manage-01)))
    :ARG1 (z62 / and
               :op1 (z63 / taint-01)
               :op2 (z64 / and
                         :op1 (z65 / criticize-01)
                         :op2 (z66 / supervise-01))
               :op3 (z67 / and
                         :op1 (z68 / punish-01)
                         :op2 (z69 / inhibit-01
                                   :ARG1 (z70 / behave-01
                                              :mod (z71 / such))))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ refer-01(z1) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z2) ∧ blacklist-01(z2) ∧ :ARG1(z2, z3) ∧ quality(z3) ∧ :mod(z3, z4) ∧ credit(z4) ∧ :ARG2(z1, z5) ∧ disclose-01(z5) ∧ :ARG1(z5, z6) ∧ and(z6) ∧ :op1(z6, z7) ∧ breach-01(z7) ∧ :ARG0(z7, z8) ∧ or(z8) ∧ :op1(z8, z9) ∧ individual(z9) ∧ :op2(z8, z10) ∧ unit(z10) ∧ :mod(z8, z11) ∧ certain(z11) ∧ :ARG1(z7, z12) ∧ contract(z12) ∧ :op2(z6, z13) ∧ violate-01(z13) ∧ :ARG0(z13, z8) ∧ :ARG1(z13, z14) ∧ law(z14) ∧ :subevent(z15, z6) ∧ activity-06(z15) ∧ :ARG1(z15, z16) ∧ economy(z16) ∧ :ARG1(z17, z15) ∧ range-01(z17) ∧ :ARG2(z17, z18) ∧ certain(z18) ∧ :medium(z5, z19) ∧ system(z19) ∧ :mod(z19, z20) ∧ information(z20) ∧ :mod(z19, z21) ∧ certain(z21) ∧ :ARG0(z22, z5) ∧ cause-01(z22) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z23) ∧ record-01(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z24) ∧ and(z24) ∧ :op1(z24, z25) ∧ taint-01(z25) ∧ :op2(z24, z26) ∧ and(z26) ∧ :op1(z26, z27) ∧ criticize-01(z27) ∧ :op2(z26, z28) ∧ supervise-01(z28) ∧ :op3(z24, z29) ∧ and(z29) ∧ :op1(z29, z30) ∧ punish-01(z30) ∧ :ARG2(z30, z31) ∧ behave-01(z31) ∧ :mod(z31, z32) ∧ such(z32) ∧ :op2(z29, z33) ∧ inhibit-01(z33) ∧ :ARG1(z33, z31) ∧ :ARG0(z34, z23) ∧ cause-01(z34) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z35) ∧ blacklist-01(z35) ∧ :snt2(z1, z36) ∧ method(z36) ∧ :mod(z36, z37) ∧ manage-01(z37) ∧ :snt3(z1, z38) ∧ go-01(z38) ∧ :ARG1(z38, z39) ∧ manage-01(z39) ∧ :direction(z38, z40) ∧ out(z40) ∧ :snt4(z1, z41) ∧ cause-01(z41) ∧ :ARG1(z41, z42) ∧ log-03(z42) ∧ :ARG1(z42, z43) ∧ and(z43) ∧ :op1(z43, z44) ∧ breach-01(z44) ∧ :ARG0(z44, z45) ∧ or(z45) ∧ :op1(z45, z46) ∧ individual(z46) ∧ :op2(z45, z47) ∧ unit(z47) ∧ :mod(z45, z48) ∧ certain(z48) ∧ :ARG1(z44, z49) ∧ contract(z49) ∧ :op2(z43, z50) ∧ violate-01(z50) ∧ :ARG0(z50, z45) ∧ :ARG1(z50, z51) ∧ law(z51) ∧ :subevent(z52, z43) ∧ activity-06(z52) ∧ :ARG1(z52, z53) ∧ economy(z53) ∧ :ARG1(z54, z52) ∧ range-01(z54) ∧ :ARG2(z54, z55) ∧ certain(z55) ∧ :instrument(z42, z56) ∧ system(z56) ∧ :mod(z56, z57) ∧ information(z57) ∧ :mod(z56, z58) ∧ certain(z58) ∧ :snt5(z1, z59) ∧ method(z59) ∧ :mod(z59, z60) ∧ manage-01(z60) ∧ :ARG1(z0, z62) ∧ and(z62) ∧ :op1(z62, z63) ∧ taint-01(z63) ∧ :op2(z62, z64) ∧ and(z64) ∧ :op1(z64, z65) ∧ criticize-01(z65) ∧ :op2(z64, z66) ∧ supervise-01(z66) ∧ :op3(z62, z67) ∧ and(z67) ∧ :op1(z67, z68) ∧ punish-01(z68) ∧ :op2(z67, z69) ∧ inhibit-01(z69) ∧ :ARG1(z69, z70) ∧ behave-01(z70) ∧ :mod(z70, z71) ∧ such(z71)


Defensive listening refers to the self-protective response, such as denial, defense, attack, etc., when the recipient of the message is aware of the accusation in the other party's discourse in the process of communication.

Question: According to the above definition, which of the following options does not belong to defensive listening when A is accused by B of not taking things seriously?

Choices:
- You don't work harder than I do.
- You know I always take things seriously.
- I haven't been in good health recently, so I can't go all out.
- I'm sorry to have caused you trouble because I wasn't serious.

(z0 / refer-01
    :ARG1 (z1 / listen-01
              :mod (z2 / defend-01))
    :ARG2 (z3 / respond-01
              :ARG2 (z4 / protect-01
                        :ARG0 (z5 / self
                                  :ARG1-of z4))
              :example (z6 / and
                           :op1 (z7 / deny-01)
                           :op2 (z8 / defend-01)
                           :op3 (z9 / attack-01)
                           :op4 (z10 / et-cetera))
              :time (z11 / realize-01
                         :ARG0 (z12 / person
                                    :ARG0-of (z13 / receive-01
                                                  :ARG1 (z14 / message)))
                         :ARG1 (z15 / accuse-01
                                    :location (z16 / discourse-01
                                                   :ARG0 (z17 / party
                                                              :mod (z18 / other))
                                                   :time (z19 / process-02
                                                              :ARG1 (z20 / communicate-01))))))
    :ARG1-of (z21 / cause-01
                  :ARG0 (z22 / realize-01
                             :ARG0 (z23 / person
                                        :ARG0-of (z24 / receive-01
                                                      :ARG1 (z25 / message-01)))
                             :ARG1 z15
                             :location z16)))

refer-01(z0) ∧ :ARG1(z0, z1) ∧ listen-01(z1) ∧ :mod(z1, z2) ∧ defend-01(z2) ∧ :ARG2(z0, z3) ∧ respond-01(z3) ∧ :ARG2(z3, z4) ∧ protect-01(z4) ∧ :ARG0(z4, z5) ∧ self(z5) ∧ :ARG1(z4, z5) ∧ :example(z3, z6) ∧ and(z6) ∧ :op1(z6, z7) ∧ deny-01(z7) ∧ :op2(z6, z8) ∧ defend-01(z8) ∧ :op3(z6, z9) ∧ attack-01(z9) ∧ :op4(z6, z10) ∧ et-cetera(z10) ∧ :time(z3, z11) ∧ realize-01(z11) ∧ :ARG0(z11, z12) ∧ person(z12) ∧ :ARG0(z13, z12) ∧ receive-01(z13) ∧ :ARG1(z13, z14) ∧ message(z14) ∧ :ARG1(z11, z15) ∧ accuse-01(z15) ∧ :location(z15, z16) ∧ discourse-01(z16) ∧ :ARG0(z16, z17) ∧ party(z17) ∧ :mod(z17, z18) ∧ other(z18) ∧ :time(z16, z19) ∧ process-02(z19) ∧ :ARG1(z19, z20) ∧ communicate-01(z20) ∧ :ARG1(z21, z0) ∧ cause-01(z21) ∧ :ARG0(z21, z22) ∧ realize-01(z22) ∧ :ARG0(z22, z23) ∧ person(z23) ∧ :ARG0(z24, z23) ∧ receive-01(z24) ∧ :ARG1(z24, z25) ∧ message-01(z25) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z15) ∧ :location(z22, z16)


Publishers, like all private businesses, have always been concerned about profitability. But, while it used to be at least possible to get a book published that was unlikely to be popular, and hence unlikely to be a moneymaker, profitability is now the sole criterion. Thus, no matter how much literary merit a book possesses, it will not be published in today' s market if it looks like it will not be popular.

Question: Which one of the following sentences most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the argument?

Choices:
- Good books are published now only if they are also likely to be popular.
- Unpopular books are not likely to make money for the publisher.
- Books of literary merit cannot be published in today's market.
- It is harder to get a book published today than it once was.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / concern-01
              :ARG0 (z2 / profit-01
                        :ARG0 (z3 / company
                                  :ARG0-of (z4 / publish-01)
                                  :ARG1-of (z5 / resemble-01
                                               :ARG2 (z6 / business
                                                         :ARG1-of (z7 / private-03)
                                                         :mod (z8 / all)))))
              :ARG1 (z9 / person
                        :ARG0-of (z10 / publish-01))
              :time (z11 / always))
    :snt2 (z12 / contrast-01
               :ARG1 (z13 / possible-01
                          :ARG1 (z14 / get-04
                                     :ARG1 (z15 / publish-01
                                                :ARG1 (z16 / book
                                                           :ARG1-of (z17 / popular-02
                                                                         :ARG1-of (z18 / likely-01
                                                                                :polarity -)
                                                                         :ARG0-of (z19 / cause-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z20 / likely-01
                                                                                :polarity -
                                                                                :ARG1 (z21 / make-05
                                                                                :ARG0 z16
                                                                                :ARG1 (z22 / money))))))))
                          :time (z23 / use-03)
                          :mod (z24 / at-least))
               :ARG2 (z25 / criterion
                          :mod (z26 / sole)
                          :time (z27 / now)
                          :domain (z28 / profit-01)))
    :snt3 (z29 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z30 / publish-01
                          :polarity -
                          :ARG1 (z31 / book
                                     :ARG1-of (z32 / possess-01
                                                   :ARG0 z31
                                                   :ARG1 (z33 / merit-01
                                                              :ARG0 z31
                                                              :mod (z34 / literary))))
                          :location (z35 / market
                                         :time (z36 / today))
                          :condition (z37 / look-02
                                          :ARG0 z31
                                          :ARG1 (z38 / popular-02
                                                     :polarity -
                                                     :ARG1 z31)))
               :ARG2 (z39 / have-concession-91
                          :ARG1 (z40 / publish-01
                                     :polarity -
                                     :ARG1 z31
                                     :location z35
                                     :condition (z41 / look-02
                                                     :ARG0 z31
                                                     :ARG1 z38))
                          :ARG2 (z42 / matter-01
                                     :polarity -
                                     :ARG1 (z43 / merit-01
                                                :ARG0 (z44 / book)
                                                :mod (z45 / literary)))))
    :snt4 (z46 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z47 / criterion
                          :domain (z48 / profit-01)
                          :mod (z49 / sole)
                          :time (z50 / now))
               :ARG2 (z51 / possible-01
                          :ARG1 (z52 / get-04
                                     :ARG1 (z53 / publish-01
                                                :ARG1 (z54 / book
                                                           :ARG1-of (z55 / popular-02
                                                                         :polarity -
                                                                         :ARG1-of (z56 / likely-01
                                                                                :polarity -))
                                                           :ARG0-of (z57 / cause-01
                                                                         :ARG1 (z58 / make-01
                                                                                :polarity -
                                                                                :ARG0 z54
                                                                                :ARG1 (z59 / money)
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z60 / likely-01)))))
                                     :time (z61 / use-03))))
    :snt5 (z62 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z63 / publish-01
                          :time (z64 / always)
                          :time (z65 / after
                                     :op1 (z66 / come-to-mind-09
                                               :ARG1 (z67 / person
                                                          :ARG0-of (z68 / publish-01)))))
               :ARG2 (z69 / publish-01
                          :time (z70 / date-entity
                                     :dayperiod (z71 / day)
                                     :mod (z72 / today)))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ concern-01(z1) ∧ :ARG0(z1, z2) ∧ profit-01(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z2, z3) ∧ company(z3) ∧ :ARG0(z4, z3) ∧ publish-01(z4) ∧ :ARG1(z5, z3) ∧ resemble-01(z5) ∧ :ARG2(z5, z6) ∧ business(z6) ∧ :ARG1(z7, z6) ∧ private-03(z7) ∧ :mod(z6, z8) ∧ all(z8) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z9) ∧ person(z9) ∧ :ARG0(z10, z9) ∧ publish-01(z10) ∧ :time(z1, z11) ∧ always(z11) ∧ :snt2(z0, z12) ∧ contrast-01(z12) ∧ :ARG1(z12, z13) ∧ possible-01(z13) ∧ :ARG1(z13, z14) ∧ get-04(z14) ∧ :ARG1(z14, z15) ∧ publish-01(z15) ∧ :ARG1(z15, z16) ∧ book(z16) ∧ :ARG1(z17, z16) ∧ popular-02(z17) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z18, z17) ∧ likely-01(z18)) ∧ :ARG0(z19, z17) ∧ cause-01(z19) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z19, z20) ∧ likely-01(z20) ∧ :ARG1(z20, z21) ∧ make-05(z21) ∧ :ARG0(z21, z16) ∧ :ARG1(z21, z22) ∧ money(z22)) ∧ :time(z13, z23) ∧ use-03(z23) ∧ :mod(z13, z24) ∧ at-least(z24) ∧ :ARG2(z12, z25) ∧ criterion(z25) ∧ :mod(z25, z26) ∧ sole(z26) ∧ :time(z25, z27) ∧ now(z27) ∧ :domain(z25, z28) ∧ profit-01(z28) ∧ ¬(:snt3(z0, z29) ∧ have-concession-91(z29) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z29, z30) ∧ :condition(z30, z37) ∧ look-02(z37) ∧ :ARG0(z37, z31) ∧ :ARG1(z37, z38) ∧ popular-02(z38) ∧ :ARG1(z38, z31) ∧ publish-01(z30) ∧ :ARG1(z30, z31) ∧ book(z31) ∧ :ARG1(z32, z31) ∧ possess-01(z32) ∧ :ARG0(z32, z31) ∧ :ARG1(z32, z33) ∧ merit-01(z33) ∧ :ARG0(z33, z31) ∧ :mod(z33, z34) ∧ literary(z34) ∧ :location(z30, z35) ∧ market(z35) ∧ :time(z35, z36) ∧ today(z36)) ∧ :ARG2(z29, z39) ∧ have-concession-91(z39) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z39, z40) ∧ :condition(z40, z41) ∧ look-02(z41) ∧ :ARG0(z41, z31) ∧ :ARG1(z41, z38) ∧ publish-01(z40) ∧ :ARG1(z40, z31) ∧ :location(z40, z35)) ∧ ¬(:ARG2(z39, z42) ∧ matter-01(z42) ∧ :ARG1(z42, z43) ∧ merit-01(z43) ∧ :ARG0(z43, z44) ∧ book(z44) ∧ :mod(z43, z45) ∧ literary(z45))) ∧ :snt4(z0, z46) ∧ have-concession-91(z46) ∧ :ARG1(z46, z47) ∧ criterion(z47) ∧ :domain(z47, z48) ∧ profit-01(z48) ∧ :mod(z47, z49) ∧ sole(z49) ∧ :time(z47, z50) ∧ now(z50) ∧ :ARG2(z46, z51) ∧ possible-01(z51) ∧ :ARG1(z51, z52) ∧ get-04(z52) ∧ :ARG1(z52, z53) ∧ publish-01(z53) ∧ :ARG1(z53, z54) ∧ book(z54) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z55, z54) ∧ popular-02(z55) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z56, z55) ∧ likely-01(z56))) ∧ :ARG0(z57, z54) ∧ cause-01(z57) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z57, z58) ∧ make-01(z58) ∧ :ARG0(z58, z54) ∧ :ARG1(z58, z59) ∧ money(z59) ∧ :ARG1(z60, z58) ∧ likely-01(z60)) ∧ :time(z52, z61) ∧ use-03(z61) ∧ :snt5(z0, z62) ∧ have-concession-91(z62) ∧ :ARG1(z62, z63) ∧ publish-01(z63) ∧ :time(z63, z64) ∧ always(z64) ∧ :time(z63, z65) ∧ after(z65) ∧ :op1(z65, z66) ∧ come-to-mind-09(z66) ∧ :ARG1(z66, z67) ∧ person(z67) ∧ :ARG0(z68, z67) ∧ publish-01(z68) ∧ :ARG2(z62, z69) ∧ publish-01(z69) ∧ :time(z69, z70) ∧ date-entity(z70) ∧ :dayperiod(z70, z71) ∧ day(z71) ∧ :mod(z70, z72) ∧ today(z72)