Seventeen copper coins have been unearthed in Xiji County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, north of China's Silk Road. They have been identified as Kushan Dynasty coins left over from the ancient Silk Road. With central Asia into the han Chinese contemporary your frost dynasty, is a rise in Asia of slavery in the country, the development from 105 to 250 to its peak, is considered to be at that time, Europe and Asia, one of the four great powers, and the han dynasty, Rome, rest in peace. your frost coin is the ancient silk road has important historical value of a coin, Greece on method is used to manufacture, the quality of a material with gold, silver and copper Such as material. On the front side of the coin, characters and patterns are often designed with equal emphasis, and the shape is almost round or oval. Previously in loulan site and Hetian area have unearthed dozens of expensive frost coins.

Question: Which of the following is consistent with the text?

Choices:
- The first discovery of your frost coins in China
- The Kushan dynasty arose around the first century AD
- Kushan dynasty once participated in the ancient Silk Road trade
- The precious frost coin adopted the most popular coinage technology at that time

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / unearth-01
              :ARG1 (z2 / coin
                        :quant 17
                        :consist-of (z3 / copper))
              :location (z4 / county
                            :wiki "Xiji_County"
                            :name (z5 / name
                                      :op1 "Xiji")
                            :part-of (z6 / local-region
                                         :wiki "Ningxia_Hui_Autonomous_Region"
                                         :name (z7 / name
                                                   :op1 "Ningxia"
                                                   :op2 "Hui"
                                                   :op3 "Autonomous"
                                                   :op4 "Region"))
                            :location (z8 / relative-position
                                          :op1 (z9 / road
                                                   :wiki "Sichuan_Strait"
                                                   :name (z10 / name
                                                              :op1 "Silk"
                                                              :op2 "Road")
                                                   :poss (z11 / country
                                                              :wiki "China"
                                                              :name (z12 / name
                                                                         :op1 "China")))
                                          :direction (z13 / north))))
    :snt2 (z14 / identify-01
               :ARG1 (z15 / they)
               :ARG2 (z16 / coin
                          :mod (z17 / dynasty
                                    :wiki "Kushan_dynasty"
                                    :name (z18 / name
                                               :op1 "Kushan"
                                               :op2 "Dynasty"))
                          :ARG1-of (z19 / leave-over-08
                                        :ARG2 (z20 / road
                                                   :wiki "Silk_Road"
                                                   :name (z21 / name
                                                              :op1 "ancient"
                                                              :op2 "Silk"
                                                              :op3 "Road")))))
    :snt3 (z22 / rise-01
               :ARG1 (z23 / slavery
                          :location (z24 / country
                                         :wiki "China"
                                         :name (z25 / name
                                                    :op1 "China")))
               :location (z26 / continent
                              :wiki "Asia"
                              :name (z27 / name
                                         :op1 "Asia")))
    :snt4 (z28 / consider-01
               :ARG1 (z29 / and
                          :op1 (z30 / power
                                    :quant 1
                                    :domain (z31 / and
                                                 :op1 (z32 / continent
                                                           :wiki "Europe"
                                                           :name (z33 / name
                                                                      :op1 "Europe"))
                                                 :op2 (z34 / continent
                                                           :wiki "Asia"
                                                           :name (z35 / name
                                                                      :op1 "Asia")))
                                    :ARG1-of (z36 / include-91
                                                  :ARG2 (z37 / power
                                                             :quant 4
                                                             :mod (z38 / great))))
                          :op2 (z39 / rest-01
                                    :ARG1 (z40 / country
                                               :wiki "Rome"
                                               :name (z41 / name
                                                          :op1 "Rome")
                                               :ARG1-of (z42 / mean-01
                                                             :ARG2 (z43 / dynasty
                                                                        :wiki "Hanoi"
                                                                        :name (z44 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Han"
                                                                                :op2 "dynasty")
                                                                        :mod (z45 / country
                                                                                :wiki "China"
                                                                                :name (z46 / name
                                                                                :op1 "China"))))
                                               :manner (z47 / peace))))
               :time (z48 / that))
    :snt5 (z49 / have-03
               :ARG0 (z50 / road
                          :wiki "Silk_Road"
                          :name (z51 / name
                                     :op1 "Silk"
                                     :op2 "Road")
                          :mod (z52 / ancient))
               :ARG1 (z53 / value-01
                          :ARG1 z50
                          :ARG1-of (z54 / important-01)
                          :mod (z55 / history)))
    :snt6 (z56 / use-01
               :ARG0 (z57 / country
                          :wiki "Greece"
                          :name (z58 / name
                                     :op1 "Greece"))
               :ARG1 (z59 / method)
               :ARG2 (z60 / manufacture-01
                          :ARG0 z57))
    :snt7 (z61 / quality
               :poss (z62 / material
                          :example (z63 / and
                                        :op1 (z64 / gold)
                                        :op2 (z65 / silver)
                                        :op3 (z66 / copper))))
    :snt8 (z67 / and
               :op1 (z68 / rise-01
                         :ARG1 (z69 / world-region
                                    :wiki "Central_Asia"
                                    :name (z70 / name
                                               :op1 "Central"
                                               :op2 "Asia"))
                         :prep-into (z71 / dynasty
                                         :wiki "Hanoi"
                                         :name (z72 / name
                                                    :op1 "HAN"
                                                    :op2 "Chinese"
                                                    :op3 "Century"
                                                    :op4 "."
                                                    :op5 "."
                                                    :op6 "."
                                                    :op7 "."
                                                    :op8 "."
                                                    :op9 "."
                                                    :op10 "."
                                                    :op11 "."
                                                    :op12 "."
                                                    :op13 "."
                                                    :op14 "."
                                                    :op15 "."
                                                    :op16 "."
                                                    :op17 "."
                                                    :op18 "."
                                                    :op19 "."
                                                    :op20 "."
                                                    :op21 "."
                                                    :op22 "."
                                                    :op23 "."
                                                    :op24 "."
                                                    :op25 "."
                                                    :op26 "."
                                                    :op27 "."
                                                    :op28 "."
                                                    :op30 "."
                                                    :op31 "."
                                                    :op32 "."
                                                    :op33 "."
                                                    :op34 "."
                                                    :op35 "."
                                                    :op36 "."
                                                    :op37 "."
                                                    :op38 "."
                                                    :op39 "."
                                                    :op40 "."
                                                    :op41 "."
                                                    :op46 "."
                                                    :op47 "."
                                                    :op48 "."
                                                    :op55 "."
                                                    :op56 "."
                                                    :op57 "."
                                                    :op58 "."
                                                    :op61 "."
                                                    :op62 "."
                                                    :op63 "."
                                                    :op63 "."
                                                    :op64 "."
                                                    :op65 "."
                                                    :op62 "."
                                                    :op67 "."
                                                    :op62 "."
                                                    :op63 "."
                                                    :op63 "."
                                                    :op64 "."
                                                    :op63 "."
                                                    :op63 "."
                                                    :op64 "."
                                                    :op65 "."
                                                    :op66 "."
                                                    :op67 "."
                                                    :op68 "."
                                                    :op67 "."
                                                    :op68 "."
                                                    :op70 "."
                                                    :op62 "."
                                                    :op63 "."
                                                    :op67 ".")))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ unearth-01(z1) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z2) ∧ coin(z2) ∧ :quant(z2, 17) ∧ :consist(z3, z2) ∧ copper(z3) ∧ :location(z1, z4) ∧ county(z4) ∧ :wiki(z4, "Xiji_County") ∧ :name(z4, z5) ∧ name(z5) ∧ :op1(z5, "Xiji") ∧ :part(z6, z4) ∧ local-region(z6) ∧ :wiki(z6, "Ningxia_Hui_Autonomous_Region") ∧ :name(z6, z7) ∧ name(z7) ∧ :op1(z7, "Ningxia") ∧ :op2(z7, "Hui") ∧ :op3(z7, "Autonomous") ∧ :op4(z7, "Region") ∧ :location(z4, z8) ∧ relative-position(z8) ∧ :op1(z8, z9) ∧ road(z9) ∧ :wiki(z9, "Sichuan_Strait") ∧ :name(z9, z10) ∧ name(z10) ∧ :op1(z10, "Silk") ∧ :op2(z10, "Road") ∧ :poss(z9, z11) ∧ country(z11) ∧ :wiki(z11, "China") ∧ :name(z11, z12) ∧ name(z12) ∧ :op1(z12, "China") ∧ :direction(z8, z13) ∧ north(z13) ∧ :snt2(z0, z14) ∧ identify-01(z14) ∧ :ARG1(z14, z15) ∧ they(z15) ∧ :ARG2(z14, z16) ∧ coin(z16) ∧ :mod(z16, z17) ∧ dynasty(z17) ∧ :wiki(z17, "Kushan_dynasty") ∧ :name(z17, z18) ∧ name(z18) ∧ :op1(z18, "Kushan") ∧ :op2(z18, "Dynasty") ∧ :ARG1(z19, z16) ∧ leave-over-08(z19) ∧ :ARG2(z19, z20) ∧ road(z20) ∧ :wiki(z20, "Silk_Road") ∧ :name(z20, z21) ∧ name(z21) ∧ :op1(z21, "ancient") ∧ :op2(z21, "Silk") ∧ :op3(z21, "Road") ∧ :snt3(z0, z22) ∧ rise-01(z22) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z23) ∧ slavery(z23) ∧ :location(z23, z24) ∧ country(z24) ∧ :wiki(z24, "China") ∧ :name(z24, z25) ∧ name(z25) ∧ :op1(z25, "China") ∧ :location(z22, z26) ∧ continent(z26) ∧ :wiki(z26, "Asia") ∧ :name(z26, z27) ∧ name(z27) ∧ :op1(z27, "Asia") ∧ :snt4(z0, z28) ∧ consider-01(z28) ∧ :ARG1(z28, z29) ∧ and(z29) ∧ :op1(z29, z30) ∧ power(z30) ∧ :quant(z30, 1) ∧ :domain(z30, z31) ∧ and(z31) ∧ :op1(z31, z32) ∧ continent(z32) ∧ :wiki(z32, "Europe") ∧ :name(z32, z33) ∧ name(z33) ∧ :op1(z33, "Europe") ∧ :op2(z31, z34) ∧ continent(z34) ∧ :wiki(z34, "Asia") ∧ :name(z34, z35) ∧ name(z35) ∧ :op1(z35, "Asia") ∧ :ARG1(z36, z30) ∧ include-91(z36) ∧ :ARG2(z36, z37) ∧ power(z37) ∧ :quant(z37, 4) ∧ :mod(z37, z38) ∧ great(z38) ∧ :op2(z29, z39) ∧ rest-01(z39) ∧ :ARG1(z39, z40) ∧ country(z40) ∧ :wiki(z40, "Rome") ∧ :name(z40, z41) ∧ name(z41) ∧ :op1(z41, "Rome") ∧ :ARG1(z42, z40) ∧ mean-01(z42) ∧ :ARG2(z42, z43) ∧ dynasty(z43) ∧ :wiki(z43, "Hanoi") ∧ :name(z43, z44) ∧ name(z44) ∧ :op1(z44, "Han") ∧ :op2(z44, "dynasty") ∧ :mod(z43, z45) ∧ country(z45) ∧ :wiki(z45, "China") ∧ :name(z45, z46) ∧ name(z46) ∧ :op1(z46, "China") ∧ :manner(z40, z47) ∧ peace(z47) ∧ :time(z28, z48) ∧ that(z48) ∧ :snt5(z0, z49) ∧ have-03(z49) ∧ :ARG0(z49, z50) ∧ road(z50) ∧ :wiki(z50, "Silk_Road") ∧ :name(z50, z51) ∧ name(z51) ∧ :op1(z51, "Silk") ∧ :op2(z51, "Road") ∧ :mod(z50, z52) ∧ ancient(z52) ∧ :ARG1(z49, z53) ∧ value-01(z53) ∧ :ARG1(z53, z50) ∧ :ARG1(z54, z53) ∧ important-01(z54) ∧ :mod(z53, z55) ∧ history(z55) ∧ :snt6(z0, z56) ∧ use-01(z56) ∧ :ARG0(z56, z57) ∧ country(z57) ∧ :wiki(z57, "Greece") ∧ :name(z57, z58) ∧ name(z58) ∧ :op1(z58, "Greece") ∧ :ARG1(z56, z59) ∧ method(z59) ∧ :ARG2(z56, z60) ∧ manufacture-01(z60) ∧ :ARG0(z60, z57) ∧ :snt7(z0, z61) ∧ quality(z61) ∧ :poss(z61, z62) ∧ material(z62) ∧ :example(z62, z63) ∧ and(z63) ∧ :op1(z63, z64) ∧ gold(z64) ∧ :op2(z63, z65) ∧ silver(z65) ∧ :op3(z63, z66) ∧ copper(z66) ∧ :snt8(z0, z67) ∧ and(z67) ∧ :op1(z67, z68) ∧ rise-01(z68) ∧ :ARG1(z68, z69) ∧ world-region(z69) ∧ :wiki(z69, "Central_Asia") ∧ :name(z69, z70) ∧ name(z70) ∧ :op1(z70, "Central") ∧ :op2(z70, "Asia") ∧ :prep-into(z68, z71) ∧ dynasty(z71) ∧ :wiki(z71, "Hanoi") ∧ :name(z71, z72) ∧ name(z72) ∧ :op1(z72, "HAN") ∧ :op2(z72, "Chinese") ∧ :op3(z72, "Century") ∧ :op4(z72, ".") ∧ :op5(z72, ".") ∧ :op6(z72, ".") ∧ :op7(z72, ".") ∧ :op8(z72, ".") ∧ :op9(z72, ".") ∧ :op10(z72, ".") ∧ :op11(z72, ".") ∧ :op12(z72, ".") ∧ :op13(z72, ".") ∧ :op14(z72, ".") ∧ :op15(z72, ".") ∧ :op16(z72, ".") ∧ :op17(z72, ".") ∧ :op18(z72, ".") ∧ :op19(z72, ".") ∧ :op20(z72, ".") ∧ :op21(z72, ".") ∧ :op22(z72, ".") ∧ :op23(z72, ".") ∧ :op24(z72, ".") ∧ :op25(z72, ".") ∧ :op26(z72, ".") ∧ :op27(z72, ".") ∧ :op28(z72, ".") ∧ :op30(z72, ".") ∧ :op31(z72, ".") ∧ :op32(z72, ".") ∧ :op33(z72, ".") ∧ :op34(z72, ".") ∧ :op35(z72, ".") ∧ :op36(z72, ".") ∧ :op37(z72, ".") ∧ :op38(z72, ".") ∧ :op39(z72, ".") ∧ :op40(z72, ".") ∧ :op41(z72, ".") ∧ :op46(z72, ".") ∧ :op47(z72, ".") ∧ :op48(z72, ".") ∧ :op55(z72, ".") ∧ :op56(z72, ".") ∧ :op57(z72, ".") ∧ :op58(z72, ".") ∧ :op61(z72, ".") ∧ :op62(z72, ".") ∧ :op63(z72, ".") ∧ :op63(z72, ".") ∧ :op64(z72, ".") ∧ :op65(z72, ".") ∧ :op62(z72, ".") ∧ :op67(z72, ".") ∧ :op62(z72, ".") ∧ :op63(z72, ".") ∧ :op63(z72, ".") ∧ :op64(z72, ".") ∧ :op63(z72, ".") ∧ :op63(z72, ".") ∧ :op64(z72, ".") ∧ :op65(z72, ".") ∧ :op66(z72, ".") ∧ :op67(z72, ".") ∧ :op68(z72, ".") ∧ :op67(z72, ".") ∧ :op68(z72, ".") ∧ :op70(z72, ".") ∧ :op62(z72, ".") ∧ :op63(z72, ".") ∧ :op67(z72, ".")


Population density is the number of people living per unit area of land. It is an indicator of the density of people around the world. However, population density only reflects the general quantitative relationship between population and land area, but it can not reflect the relationship between population composition and population per unit area of land and the land area that actually supports it. In order to make up for these defects, some new complementary density indexes have appeared, such as physiological density, agricultural density and so on. The population density calculated by area is called the mathematical density of population.

Question: Which of the following options is what this paragraph is intended to illustrate?

Choices:
- The reasons for the evolution of the meaning of population density.
- The production process of complementary density index.
- The concrete manifestation of population density.
- The relationship between land area and population composition.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / mean-01
              :ARG1 (z2 / density
                        :mod (z3 / population))
              :ARG2 (z4 / rate-entity-91
                        :ARG1 (z5 / person
                                  :ARG0-of (z6 / live-01))
                        :ARG2 (z7 / area
                                  :mod (z8 / land))))
    :snt2 (z9 / indicate-01
              :ARG0 (z10 / it)
              :ARG1 (z11 / density
                         :poss (z12 / person
                                    :location (z13 / around
                                                   :op1 (z14 / world)))))
    :snt3 (z15 / contrast-01
               :ARG1 (z16 / reflect-01
                          :ARG1 z10
                          :ARG2 (z17 / relation-03
                                     :ARG0 (z18 / population)
                                     :ARG2 (z19 / area
                                                :mod (z20 / land))
                                     :mod (z21 / quantitative)
                                     :ARG1-of (z22 / general-02))
                          :mod (z23 / only))
               :ARG2 (z24 / contrast-01
                          :ARG1 (z25 / possible-01
                                     :polarity -
                                     :ARG1 (z26 / reflect-01
                                                :ARG1 z10
                                                :ARG2 (z27 / relation-03
                                                           :ARG0 (z28 / compose-01
                                                                      :ARG1 (z29 / population))
                                                           :ARG2 (z30 / rate-entity-91
                                                                      :ARG1 z29
                                                                      :ARG2 (z31 / area
                                                                                :mod (z32 / land)
                                                                                :ARG0-of (z33 / support-01
                                                                                :ARG1 z30
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z34 / actual-02))))
                                                           :mod (z35 / quantitative))))))
    :snt4 (z36 / appear-01
               :ARG1 (z37 / index
                          :mod (z38 / density)
                          :ARG1-of (z39 / new-01)
                          :ARG0-of (z40 / complement-01)
                          :mod (z41 / some)
                          :example (z42 / and
                                        :op1 (z43 / density
                                                  :mod (z44 / physiology))
                                        :op2 (z45 / density
                                                  :mod (z46 / agriculture))
                                        :op3 (z47 / et-cetera)))
               :purpose (z48 / make-up-16
                             :ARG0 z37
                             :ARG1 (z49 / defect
                                        :mod (z50 / this))))
    :snt5 (z51 / call-01
               :ARG1 (z52 / density
                          :mod (z53 / population)
                          :ARG1-of (z54 / calculate-01
                                        :ARG0 (z55 / area)))
               :ARG2 (z56 / density
                          :mod (z57 / mathematics)
                          :mod (z58 / population)))
    :snt6 (z59 / contrast-01
               :ARG2 (z60 / contrast-01
                          :ARG1 (z61 / reflect-01
                                     :ARG1 z52
                                     :ARG2 (z62 / relation-03
                                                :ARG0 (z63 / rate-entity-91
                                                           :ARG1 (z64 / population)
                                                           :ARG2 (z65 / area
                                                                      :mod (z66 / land)))))
                          :ARG2 (z67 / possible-01
                                     :polarity -
                                     :ARG1 (z68 / reflect-01
                                                :ARG1 z52
                                                :ARG2 (z69 / relation-03
                                                           :ARG0 (z70 / and
                                                                      :op1 (z71 / compose-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z72 / population))
                                                                      :op2 (z73 / area
                                                                                :mod (z74 / land)
                                                                                :ARG0-of (z75 / support-01
                                                                                :ARG1 z39
                                                                                :ARG1-of (z76 / actual-02)))))))))
    :snt7 (z77 / indicate-01
               :ARG0 (z78 / it)
               :ARG1 (z79 / density
                          :poss (z80 / person
                                     :location (z81 / around
                                                    :op1 (z82 / world))))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ mean-01(z1) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z2) ∧ density(z2) ∧ :mod(z2, z3) ∧ population(z3) ∧ :ARG2(z1, z4) ∧ rate-entity-91(z4) ∧ :ARG1(z4, z5) ∧ person(z5) ∧ :ARG0(z6, z5) ∧ live-01(z6) ∧ :ARG2(z4, z7) ∧ area(z7) ∧ :mod(z7, z8) ∧ land(z8) ∧ :snt2(z0, z9) ∧ indicate-01(z9) ∧ :ARG0(z9, z10) ∧ it(z10) ∧ :ARG1(z9, z11) ∧ density(z11) ∧ :poss(z11, z12) ∧ person(z12) ∧ :location(z12, z13) ∧ around(z13) ∧ :op1(z13, z14) ∧ world(z14) ∧ :snt3(z0, z15) ∧ contrast-01(z15) ∧ :ARG1(z15, z16) ∧ reflect-01(z16) ∧ :ARG1(z16, z10) ∧ :ARG2(z16, z17) ∧ relation-03(z17) ∧ :ARG0(z17, z18) ∧ population(z18) ∧ :ARG2(z17, z19) ∧ area(z19) ∧ :mod(z19, z20) ∧ land(z20) ∧ :mod(z17, z21) ∧ quantitative(z21) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z17) ∧ general-02(z22) ∧ :mod(z16, z23) ∧ only(z23) ∧ :ARG2(z15, z24) ∧ contrast-01(z24) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z24, z25) ∧ possible-01(z25) ∧ :ARG1(z25, z26) ∧ reflect-01(z26) ∧ :ARG1(z26, z10) ∧ :ARG2(z26, z27) ∧ relation-03(z27) ∧ :ARG0(z27, z28) ∧ compose-01(z28) ∧ :ARG1(z28, z29) ∧ population(z29) ∧ :ARG2(z27, z30) ∧ rate-entity-91(z30) ∧ :ARG1(z30, z29) ∧ :ARG2(z30, z31) ∧ area(z31) ∧ :mod(z31, z32) ∧ land(z32) ∧ :ARG0(z33, z31) ∧ support-01(z33) ∧ :ARG1(z33, z30) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z33) ∧ actual-02(z34) ∧ :mod(z27, z35) ∧ quantitative(z35)) ∧ :snt4(z0, z36) ∧ appear-01(z36) ∧ :ARG1(z36, z37) ∧ index(z37) ∧ :mod(z37, z38) ∧ density(z38) ∧ :ARG1(z39, z37) ∧ new-01(z39) ∧ :ARG0(z40, z37) ∧ complement-01(z40) ∧ :mod(z37, z41) ∧ some(z41) ∧ :example(z37, z42) ∧ and(z42) ∧ :op1(z42, z43) ∧ density(z43) ∧ :mod(z43, z44) ∧ physiology(z44) ∧ :op2(z42, z45) ∧ density(z45) ∧ :mod(z45, z46) ∧ agriculture(z46) ∧ :op3(z42, z47) ∧ et-cetera(z47) ∧ :purpose(z36, z48) ∧ make-up-16(z48) ∧ :ARG0(z48, z37) ∧ :ARG1(z48, z49) ∧ defect(z49) ∧ :mod(z49, z50) ∧ this(z50) ∧ :snt5(z0, z51) ∧ call-01(z51) ∧ :ARG1(z51, z52) ∧ density(z52) ∧ :mod(z52, z53) ∧ population(z53) ∧ :ARG1(z54, z52) ∧ calculate-01(z54) ∧ :ARG0(z54, z55) ∧ area(z55) ∧ :ARG2(z51, z56) ∧ density(z56) ∧ :mod(z56, z57) ∧ mathematics(z57) ∧ :mod(z56, z58) ∧ population(z58) ∧ :snt6(z0, z59) ∧ contrast-01(z59) ∧ :ARG2(z59, z60) ∧ contrast-01(z60) ∧ :ARG1(z60, z61) ∧ reflect-01(z61) ∧ :ARG1(z61, z52) ∧ :ARG2(z61, z62) ∧ relation-03(z62) ∧ :ARG0(z62, z63) ∧ rate-entity-91(z63) ∧ :ARG1(z63, z64) ∧ population(z64) ∧ :ARG2(z63, z65) ∧ area(z65) ∧ :mod(z65, z66) ∧ land(z66) ∧ ¬(:ARG2(z60, z67) ∧ possible-01(z67) ∧ :ARG1(z67, z68) ∧ reflect-01(z68) ∧ :ARG1(z68, z52) ∧ :ARG2(z68, z69) ∧ relation-03(z69) ∧ :ARG0(z69, z70) ∧ and(z70) ∧ :op1(z70, z71) ∧ compose-01(z71) ∧ :ARG1(z71, z72) ∧ population(z72) ∧ :op2(z70, z73) ∧ area(z73) ∧ :mod(z73, z74) ∧ land(z74) ∧ :ARG0(z75, z73) ∧ support-01(z75) ∧ :ARG1(z75, z39) ∧ :ARG1(z76, z75) ∧ actual-02(z76)) ∧ :snt7(z0, z77) ∧ indicate-01(z77) ∧ :ARG0(z77, z78) ∧ it(z78) ∧ :ARG1(z77, z79) ∧ density(z79) ∧ :poss(z79, z80) ∧ person(z80) ∧ :location(z80, z81) ∧ around(z81) ∧ :op1(z81, z82) ∧ world(z82)


In recent years, the state has made efforts to reduce drug prices from the production, circulation and sales of drugs. However, many patients feel puzzled that, on the one hand, the national policy to reduce drug prices is constantly introduced, on the other hand, the prices of many common drugs are rising.

Question: Which of the followings, if true, best explains this phenomenon?

Choices:
- Most of the drugs have fallen in price, and a few have risen in price, so overall, the price of drugs is still falling
- There is an increase in demand for commonly used imported drugs, and relevant policies are unable to control price increases for such drugs
- Although the government has introduced a policy to reduce drug prices, its impact will take some time to show
- The policy of reducing drug price can effectively control the drug price increase caused by the price increase of pharmaceutical raw materials in the drug market

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / try-01
              :ARG0 (z2 / state)
              :ARG1 (z3 / reduce-01
                        :ARG0 z2
                        :ARG1 (z4 / monetary-quantity
                                  :ARG2-of (z5 / price-01
                                               :ARG1 (z6 / drug)))
                        :source (z7 / and
                                    :op1 (z8 / produce-01
                                             :ARG1 z6)
                                    :op2 (z9 / circulate-01
                                             :ARG1 z6)
                                    :op3 (z10 / sell-01
                                              :ARG1 z6)))
              :time (z11 / year
                         :mod (z12 / recent)))
    :snt2 (z13 / contrast-01
               :ARG2 (z14 / feel-01
                          :ARG0 (z15 / patient
                                     :quant (z16 / many))
                          :ARG1 (z17 / puzzle-01
                                     :ARG0 (z18 / contrast-01
                                                :ARG1 (z19 / introduce-02
                                                           :ARG1 (z20 / policy-01
                                                                      :ARG1 (z21 / reduce-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z22 / monetary-quantity
                                                                                :ARG2-of (z23 / price-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z24 / drug))))
                                                                      :mod (z25 / nation))
                                                           :frequency (z26 / constant))
                                                :ARG2 (z27 / rise-01
                                                           :ARG1 (z28 / monetary-quantity
                                                                      :ARG2-of (z29 / price-01
                                                                                :ARG1 (z30 / drug
                                                                                :quant (z31 / many)
                                                                                :mod (z32 / common))))))
                                     :ARG1 z15)))
    :snt3 (z33 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z34 / rise-01
                          :ARG1 (z35 / monetary-quantity
                                     :ARG2-of (z36 / price-01
                                                   :ARG1 (z37 / drug
                                                              :quant (z38 / many)
                                                              :mod z32))))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ try-01(z1) ∧ :ARG0(z1, z2) ∧ state(z2) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z3) ∧ reduce-01(z3) ∧ :ARG0(z3, z2) ∧ :ARG1(z3, z4) ∧ monetary-quantity(z4) ∧ :ARG2(z5, z4) ∧ price-01(z5) ∧ :ARG1(z5, z6) ∧ drug(z6) ∧ :source(z3, z7) ∧ and(z7) ∧ :op1(z7, z8) ∧ produce-01(z8) ∧ :ARG1(z8, z6) ∧ :op2(z7, z9) ∧ circulate-01(z9) ∧ :ARG1(z9, z6) ∧ :op3(z7, z10) ∧ sell-01(z10) ∧ :ARG1(z10, z6) ∧ :time(z1, z11) ∧ year(z11) ∧ :mod(z11, z12) ∧ recent(z12) ∧ :snt2(z0, z13) ∧ contrast-01(z13) ∧ :ARG2(z13, z14) ∧ feel-01(z14) ∧ :ARG0(z14, z15) ∧ patient(z15) ∧ :quant(z15, z16) ∧ many(z16) ∧ :ARG1(z14, z17) ∧ puzzle-01(z17) ∧ :ARG0(z17, z18) ∧ contrast-01(z18) ∧ :ARG1(z18, z19) ∧ introduce-02(z19) ∧ :ARG1(z19, z20) ∧ policy-01(z20) ∧ :ARG1(z20, z21) ∧ reduce-01(z21) ∧ :ARG1(z21, z22) ∧ monetary-quantity(z22) ∧ :ARG2(z23, z22) ∧ price-01(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z24) ∧ drug(z24) ∧ :mod(z20, z25) ∧ nation(z25) ∧ :frequency(z19, z26) ∧ constant(z26) ∧ :ARG2(z18, z27) ∧ rise-01(z27) ∧ :ARG1(z27, z28) ∧ monetary-quantity(z28) ∧ :ARG2(z29, z28) ∧ price-01(z29) ∧ :ARG1(z29, z30) ∧ drug(z30) ∧ :quant(z30, z31) ∧ many(z31) ∧ :mod(z30, z32) ∧ common(z32) ∧ :ARG1(z17, z15) ∧ :snt3(z0, z33) ∧ have-concession-91(z33) ∧ :ARG1(z33, z34) ∧ rise-01(z34) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z35) ∧ monetary-quantity(z35) ∧ :ARG2(z36, z35) ∧ price-01(z36) ∧ :ARG1(z36, z37) ∧ drug(z37) ∧ :quant(z37, z38) ∧ many(z38) ∧ :mod(z37, z32)


Before the final of the men's team division of the World Table Tennis Championships, the coach of country S was lining up. If the No. 4 player is in good competitive condition and the injury has healed, then let the No. 4 player play; only when the No. 4 player cannot play, will the No. 6 player play.

Question: Which of the followings must be true if player No. 6 is present in the final?

Choices:
- The No. 4 player was seriously injured.
- The No. 4 player's competitive state is not good.
- The No. 6 player was not injured.
- If the No. 4 player has recovered from his injury, then his competitive form is not good.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / line-up-02
              :ARG1 (z2 / person
                        :ARG0-of (z3 / coach-01
                                     :ARG1 (z4 / country
                                               :wiki "South_Korea"
                                               :name (z5 / name
                                                         :op1 "S"))))
              :time (z6 / before
                        :op1 (z7 / final
                                 :subevent-of (z8 / division
                                                  :mod (z9 / team)
                                                  :mod (z10 / men)
                                                  :part-of (z11 / game
                                                                :wiki "FINA_World_table_tennis_Championships"
                                                                :name (z12 / name
                                                                           :op1 "World"
                                                                           :op2 "Table"
                                                                           :op3 "Tennis"
                                                                           :op4 "Championships"))))))
    :snt2 (z13 / let-01
               :ARG1 (z14 / play-01
                          :ARG0 (z15 / person
                                     :ARG0-of (z16 / play-01)
                                     :ord (z17 / ordinal-entity
                                               :value 4)))
               :condition (z18 / and
                               :op1 (z19 / condition
                                         :ARG1-of (z20 / good-02)
                                         :mod (z21 / compete-01)
                                         :domain z15)
                               :op2 (z22 / heal-01
                                         :ARG1 (z23 / injure-01
                                                    :ARG1 z15))))
    :snt3 (z24 / play-01
               :ARG0 (z25 / person
                          :ARG0-of (z26 / play-01)
                          :ord (z27 / ordinal-entity
                                    :value 6))
               :time (z28 / possible-01
                          :polarity -
                          :ARG1 (z29 / play-01
                                     :ARG0 z25)
                          :mod (z30 / only))
               :condition (z31 / and
                               :op1 (z32 / condition
                                         :ARG1-of (z33 / good-02)
                                         :mod (z34 / compete-01)
                                         :domain (z35 / person
                                                      :ARG0-of (z36 / play-01)
                                                      :ord (z37 / ordinal-entity
                                                                :value 4)))
                               :op2 (z38 / heal-01
                                         :ARG1 (z39 / injure-01
                                                    :ARG1 z35))))
    :snt4 (z40 / go-01
               :ARG1 (z41 / person
                          :ARG0-of (z42 / play-01)
                          :ord (z43 / ordinal-entity
                                    :value 6))
               :direction (z44 / out))
    :snt5 (z45 / go-01
               :ARG1 (z46 / person
                          :ARG0-of (z47 / play-01)
                          :ord (z48 / ordinal-entity
                                    :value 4))
               :direction (z49 / back))
    :snt6 (z50 / line-up-02
               :ARG1 (z51 / person
                          :ARG0-of (z52 / coach-01
                                        :ARG1 (z53 / country
                                                   :wiki "South_Korea"
                                                   :name (z54 / name
                                                              :op1 "South"
                                                              :op2 "Korea")))))
    :snt7 (z55 / final
               :subevent-of (z56 / division
                                 :mod (z57 / team)
                                 :mod (z58 / man)
                                 :part-of (z59 / game
                                               :wiki "FINA_World_Table_Tennis_Championships"
                                               :name (z60 / name
                                                          :op1 "World"
                                                          :op2 "Table"
                                                          :op3 "Tennis"
                                                          :op4 "Championships")))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ line-up-02(z1) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z2) ∧ person(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z3, z2) ∧ coach-01(z3) ∧ :ARG1(z3, z4) ∧ country(z4) ∧ :wiki(z4, "South_Korea") ∧ :name(z4, z5) ∧ name(z5) ∧ :op1(z5, "S") ∧ :time(z1, z6) ∧ before(z6) ∧ :op1(z6, z7) ∧ final(z7) ∧ :subevent(z8, z7) ∧ division(z8) ∧ :mod(z8, z9) ∧ team(z9) ∧ :mod(z8, z10) ∧ men(z10) ∧ :part(z11, z8) ∧ game(z11) ∧ :wiki(z11, "FINA_World_table_tennis_Championships") ∧ :name(z11, z12) ∧ name(z12) ∧ :op1(z12, "World") ∧ :op2(z12, "Table") ∧ :op3(z12, "Tennis") ∧ :op4(z12, "Championships") ∧ :snt2(z0, z13) ∧ :condition(z13, z18) ∧ and(z18) ∧ :op1(z18, z19) ∧ condition(z19) ∧ :ARG1(z20, z19) ∧ good-02(z20) ∧ :mod(z19, z21) ∧ compete-01(z21) ∧ :domain(z19, z15) ∧ :op2(z18, z22) ∧ heal-01(z22) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z23) ∧ injure-01(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z15) ∧ let-01(z13) ∧ :ARG1(z13, z14) ∧ play-01(z14) ∧ :ARG0(z14, z15) ∧ person(z15) ∧ :ARG0(z16, z15) ∧ play-01(z16) ∧ :ord(z15, z17) ∧ ordinal-entity(z17) ∧ :value(z17, 4) ∧ :snt3(z0, z24) ∧ :condition(z24, z31) ∧ and(z31) ∧ :op1(z31, z32) ∧ condition(z32) ∧ :ARG1(z33, z32) ∧ good-02(z33) ∧ :mod(z32, z34) ∧ compete-01(z34) ∧ :domain(z32, z35) ∧ person(z35) ∧ :ARG0(z36, z35) ∧ play-01(z36) ∧ :ord(z35, z37) ∧ ordinal-entity(z37) ∧ :value(z37, 4) ∧ :op2(z31, z38) ∧ heal-01(z38) ∧ :ARG1(z38, z39) ∧ injure-01(z39) ∧ :ARG1(z39, z35) ∧ play-01(z24) ∧ :ARG0(z24, z25) ∧ person(z25) ∧ :ARG0(z26, z25) ∧ play-01(z26) ∧ :ord(z25, z27) ∧ ordinal-entity(z27) ∧ :value(z27, 6) ∧ ¬(:time(z24, z28) ∧ possible-01(z28) ∧ :ARG1(z28, z29) ∧ play-01(z29) ∧ :ARG0(z29, z25) ∧ :mod(z28, z30) ∧ only(z30)) ∧ :snt4(z0, z40) ∧ go-01(z40) ∧ :ARG1(z40, z41) ∧ person(z41) ∧ :ARG0(z42, z41) ∧ play-01(z42) ∧ :ord(z41, z43) ∧ ordinal-entity(z43) ∧ :value(z43, 6) ∧ :direction(z40, z44) ∧ out(z44) ∧ :snt5(z0, z45) ∧ go-01(z45) ∧ :ARG1(z45, z46) ∧ person(z46) ∧ :ARG0(z47, z46) ∧ play-01(z47) ∧ :ord(z46, z48) ∧ ordinal-entity(z48) ∧ :value(z48, 4) ∧ :direction(z45, z49) ∧ back(z49) ∧ :snt6(z0, z50) ∧ line-up-02(z50) ∧ :ARG1(z50, z51) ∧ person(z51) ∧ :ARG0(z52, z51) ∧ coach-01(z52) ∧ :ARG1(z52, z53) ∧ country(z53) ∧ :wiki(z53, "South_Korea") ∧ :name(z53, z54) ∧ name(z54) ∧ :op1(z54, "South") ∧ :op2(z54, "Korea") ∧ :snt7(z0, z55) ∧ final(z55) ∧ :subevent(z56, z55) ∧ division(z56) ∧ :mod(z56, z57) ∧ team(z57) ∧ :mod(z56, z58) ∧ man(z58) ∧ :part(z59, z56) ∧ game(z59) ∧ :wiki(z59, "FINA_World_Table_Tennis_Championships") ∧ :name(z59, z60) ∧ name(z60) ∧ :op1(z60, "World") ∧ :op2(z60, "Table") ∧ :op3(z60, "Tennis") ∧ :op4(z60, "Championships")


After the warming of the climate, the grain production in the middle and high latitudes increased, but only in the tropics and sub-tropics,and the grain production declined, especially in Africa and Latin America. Hunger and malnutrition will increase in the world's poorest regions and cause a decline in immunity, increasing people's susceptibility to disease.

Question: Which of the following can be inferred?

Choices:
- The middle and high latitudes are not the poorest parts of the world.
- Africa and Latin America have some of the world's poorest regions.
- The impact of global warming on the climate of the middle and high latitudes is less than that of the tropics and subtropics.
- The impact of global warming on food production in Africa and Latin America is higher than the world average.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / contrast-01
              :ARG1 (z2 / increase-01
                        :ARG1 (z3 / produce-01
                                  :ARG1 (z4 / grain)
                                  :location (z5 / and
                                                :op1 (z6 / latitude
                                                         :mod (z7 / middle))
                                                :op2 (z8 / latitude
                                                         :ARG1-of (z9 / high-02)))))
              :ARG2 (z10 / decline-01
                         :ARG1 z3
                         :location (z11 / and
                                        :op1 (z12 / world-region
                                                  :wiki "Tropics"
                                                  :name (z13 / name
                                                             :op1 "Tropics"))
                                        :op2 (z14 / sub-)
                                        :mod (z15 / only)))
              :time (z16 / after
                         :op1 (z17 / warm-01
                                   :ARG1 (z18 / climate))))
    :snt2 (z19 / and
               :op1 (z20 / increase-01
                         :ARG1 (z21 / produce-01
                                    :ARG1 (z22 / grain)
                                    :location (z23 / and
                                                   :op1 (z24 / world-region
                                                             :wiki "Middle_East"
                                                             :name (z25 / name
                                                                        :op1 "Middle"
                                                                        :op2 "East"))
                                                   :op2 (z26 / world-region
                                                             :wiki "Sub-Saharan_Africa"
                                                             :name (z27 / name
                                                                        :op1 "Sub-Saharan"
                                                                        :op2 "Africa")))))
               :op2 (z28 / decline-01
                         :ARG1 z21
                         :location (z29 / and
                                        :op1 (z30 / continent
                                                  :wiki "Africa"
                                                  :name (z31 / name
                                                             :op1 "Africa"))
                                        :op2 (z32 / world-region
                                                  :wiki "Latin_America"
                                                  :name (z33 / name
                                                             :op1 "Latin"
                                                             :op2 "America"))
                                        :mod (z34 / especially))))
    :snt3 (z35 / and
               :op1 (z36 / increase-01
                         :ARG1 (z37 / and
                                    :op1 (z38 / hunger-01
                                              :ARG0 (z39 / region
                                                         :ARG1-of (z40 / have-degree-91
                                                                       :ARG2 (z41 / poor)
                                                                       :ARG3 (z42 / most)
                                                                       :ARG5 (z43 / region
                                                                                :part-of (z44 / world)))))
                                    :op2 (z45 / malnourished-01
                                              :ARG1 z39)))
               :op2 (z46 / cause-01
                         :ARG0 z37
                         :ARG1 (z47 / decline-01
                                    :ARG1 (z48 / immune-02
                                               :ARG1 z39)))
               :ARG0-of (z49 / increase-01
                             :ARG1 (z50 / susceptibility
                                        :poss (z51 / person)
                                        :prep-to (z52 / disease))))
    :time (z53 / after
               :op1 (z54 / warm-01
                         :ARG1 (z55 / climate))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ contrast-01(z1) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z2) ∧ increase-01(z2) ∧ :ARG1(z2, z3) ∧ produce-01(z3) ∧ :ARG1(z3, z4) ∧ grain(z4) ∧ :location(z3, z5) ∧ and(z5) ∧ :op1(z5, z6) ∧ latitude(z6) ∧ :mod(z6, z7) ∧ middle(z7) ∧ :op2(z5, z8) ∧ latitude(z8) ∧ :ARG1(z9, z8) ∧ high-02(z9) ∧ :ARG2(z1, z10) ∧ decline-01(z10) ∧ :ARG1(z10, z3) ∧ :location(z10, z11) ∧ and(z11) ∧ :op1(z11, z12) ∧ world-region(z12) ∧ :wiki(z12, "Tropics") ∧ :name(z12, z13) ∧ name(z13) ∧ :op1(z13, "Tropics") ∧ :op2(z11, z14) ∧ sub-(z14) ∧ :mod(z11, z15) ∧ only(z15) ∧ :time(z1, z16) ∧ after(z16) ∧ :op1(z16, z17) ∧ warm-01(z17) ∧ :ARG1(z17, z18) ∧ climate(z18) ∧ :snt2(z0, z19) ∧ and(z19) ∧ :op1(z19, z20) ∧ increase-01(z20) ∧ :ARG1(z20, z21) ∧ produce-01(z21) ∧ :ARG1(z21, z22) ∧ grain(z22) ∧ :location(z21, z23) ∧ and(z23) ∧ :op1(z23, z24) ∧ world-region(z24) ∧ :wiki(z24, "Middle_East") ∧ :name(z24, z25) ∧ name(z25) ∧ :op1(z25, "Middle") ∧ :op2(z25, "East") ∧ :op2(z23, z26) ∧ world-region(z26) ∧ :wiki(z26, "Sub-Saharan_Africa") ∧ :name(z26, z27) ∧ name(z27) ∧ :op1(z27, "Sub-Saharan") ∧ :op2(z27, "Africa") ∧ :op2(z19, z28) ∧ decline-01(z28) ∧ :ARG1(z28, z21) ∧ :location(z28, z29) ∧ and(z29) ∧ :op1(z29, z30) ∧ continent(z30) ∧ :wiki(z30, "Africa") ∧ :name(z30, z31) ∧ name(z31) ∧ :op1(z31, "Africa") ∧ :op2(z29, z32) ∧ world-region(z32) ∧ :wiki(z32, "Latin_America") ∧ :name(z32, z33) ∧ name(z33) ∧ :op1(z33, "Latin") ∧ :op2(z33, "America") ∧ :mod(z29, z34) ∧ especially(z34) ∧ :snt3(z0, z35) ∧ and(z35) ∧ :op1(z35, z36) ∧ increase-01(z36) ∧ :ARG1(z36, z37) ∧ and(z37) ∧ :op1(z37, z38) ∧ hunger-01(z38) ∧ :ARG0(z38, z39) ∧ region(z39) ∧ :ARG1(z40, z39) ∧ have-degree-91(z40) ∧ :ARG2(z40, z41) ∧ poor(z41) ∧ :ARG3(z40, z42) ∧ most(z42) ∧ :ARG5(z40, z43) ∧ region(z43) ∧ :part(z44, z43) ∧ world(z44) ∧ :op2(z37, z45) ∧ malnourished-01(z45) ∧ :ARG1(z45, z39) ∧ :op2(z35, z46) ∧ cause-01(z46) ∧ :ARG0(z46, z37) ∧ :ARG1(z46, z47) ∧ decline-01(z47) ∧ :ARG1(z47, z48) ∧ immune-02(z48) ∧ :ARG1(z48, z39) ∧ :ARG0(z49, z35) ∧ increase-01(z49) ∧ :ARG1(z49, z50) ∧ susceptibility(z50) ∧ :poss(z50, z51) ∧ person(z51) ∧ :prep-to(z50, z52) ∧ disease(z52) ∧ :time(z0, z53) ∧ after(z53) ∧ :op1(z53, z54) ∧ warm-01(z54) ∧ :ARG1(z54, z55) ∧ climate(z55)


The ancient Romans understood the principles of water power very well, and in some outlying parts of their empire they made extensive and excellent use of water as an energy source. This makes it all the more striking that the Romans made do without water power in regions dominated by large cities.

Question: Which one of the following, if true, contributes most to an explanation of the difference described above in the Romans' use of water power?

Choices:
- In heavily populated areas the introduction of water power would have been certain to cause social unrest by depriving large numbers of people of their livelihood.
- In the areas in which water power was not used, water flow in rivers and streams was substantial throughout the year but nevertheless exhibited some seasonal variation.
- In most areas to which the use of water power was not extended, other, more traditional sources of energy continued to be used.
- The ancient Romans were adept at constructing and maintaining aqueducts that could carry quantities of water sufficient to supply large cities over considerable distances.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / and
              :op1 (z2 / understand-01
                       :ARG0 (z3 / person
                                 :mod (z4 / country
                                          :wiki "Ancient_Rome"
                                          :name (z5 / name
                                                    :op1 "Rome"))
                                 :mod (z6 / ancient))
                       :ARG1 (z7 / principle
                                 :topic (z8 / power
                                            :mod (z9 / water)))
                       :ARG1-of (z10 / well-09
                                     :degree (z11 / very)))
              :op2 (z12 / use-01
                        :ARG0 z3
                        :ARG1 z9
                        :ARG2 (z13 / source-02
                                   :ARG0 z3
                                   :ARG1 (z14 / energy))
                        :ARG1-of (z15 / extensive-03)
                        :ARG1-of (z16 / excellent-02)
                        :location (z17 / part
                                       :ARG1-of (z18 / lie-07
                                                     :ARG2 (z19 / out))
                                       :part-of (z20 / empire
                                                     :poss z3)
                                       :quant (z21 / some))))
    :snt2 (z22 / make-02
               :ARG0 (z23 / this)
               :ARG1 (z24 / have-degree-91
                          :ARG1 z23
                          :ARG2 (z25 / strike-04
                                     :ARG1 (z26 / make-02
                                                :ARG0 (z27 / person
                                                           :mod (z28 / country
                                                                     :wiki "Ancient_Rome"
                                                                     :name (z29 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Rome")))
                                                :ARG1 (z30 / do-02
                                                           :polarity -
                                                           :ARG0 z27
                                                           :ARG1 (z31 / power
                                                                      :mod (z32 / water))
                                                           :location (z33 / region
                                                                          :ARG1-of (z34 / dominate-01
                                                                                :ARG0 (z35 / city
                                                                                :mod (z36 / large)))))))
                          :ARG3 (z37 / more
                                     :mod (z38 / all))))
    :snt3 (z39 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z40 / use-01
                          :ARG0 (z41 / person
                                     :mod (z42 / country
                                               :wiki "Ancient_Rome"
                                               :name (z43 / name
                                                          :op1 "Rome"))
                                     :mod (z44 / ancient))
                          :ARG1 (z45 / water
                                     :ARG2-of (z46 / source-02
                                                   :ARG1 (z47 / energy)))
                          :ARG1-of (z48 / extensive-03)
                          :ARG1-of (z49 / excellent-02)
                          :location (z50 / part
                                         :part-of (z51 / empire
                                                       :poss z41)
                                         :quant (z52 / some)
                                         :ARG1-of (z53 / lie-07
                                                       :ARG2 (z54 / out)))))
    :snt2 (z55 / make-02
               :ARG0 (z56 / this)
               :ARG1 (z57 / have-degree-91
                          :ARG1 z56
                          :ARG2 (z58 / strike-01
                                     :ARG0 z56)
                          :ARG3 (z59 / more
                                     :mod (z60 / all)))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ and(z1) ∧ :op1(z1, z2) ∧ understand-01(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z2, z3) ∧ person(z3) ∧ :mod(z3, z4) ∧ country(z4) ∧ :wiki(z4, "Ancient_Rome") ∧ :name(z4, z5) ∧ name(z5) ∧ :op1(z5, "Rome") ∧ :mod(z3, z6) ∧ ancient(z6) ∧ :ARG1(z2, z7) ∧ principle(z7) ∧ :topic(z7, z8) ∧ power(z8) ∧ :mod(z8, z9) ∧ water(z9) ∧ :ARG1(z10, z2) ∧ well-09(z10) ∧ :degree(z10, z11) ∧ very(z11) ∧ :op2(z1, z12) ∧ use-01(z12) ∧ :ARG0(z12, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z12, z9) ∧ :ARG2(z12, z13) ∧ source-02(z13) ∧ :ARG0(z13, z3) ∧ :ARG1(z13, z14) ∧ energy(z14) ∧ :ARG1(z15, z12) ∧ extensive-03(z15) ∧ :ARG1(z16, z12) ∧ excellent-02(z16) ∧ :location(z12, z17) ∧ part(z17) ∧ :ARG1(z18, z17) ∧ lie-07(z18) ∧ :ARG2(z18, z19) ∧ out(z19) ∧ :part(z20, z17) ∧ empire(z20) ∧ :poss(z20, z3) ∧ :quant(z17, z21) ∧ some(z21) ∧ :snt2(z0, z22) ∧ make-02(z22) ∧ :ARG0(z22, z23) ∧ this(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z24) ∧ have-degree-91(z24) ∧ :ARG1(z24, z23) ∧ :ARG2(z24, z25) ∧ strike-04(z25) ∧ :ARG1(z25, z26) ∧ make-02(z26) ∧ :ARG0(z26, z27) ∧ person(z27) ∧ :mod(z27, z28) ∧ country(z28) ∧ :wiki(z28, "Ancient_Rome") ∧ :name(z28, z29) ∧ name(z29) ∧ :op1(z29, "Rome") ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z26, z30) ∧ do-02(z30) ∧ :ARG0(z30, z27) ∧ :ARG1(z30, z31) ∧ power(z31) ∧ :mod(z31, z32) ∧ water(z32) ∧ :location(z30, z33) ∧ region(z33) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z33) ∧ dominate-01(z34) ∧ :ARG0(z34, z35) ∧ city(z35) ∧ :mod(z35, z36) ∧ large(z36)) ∧ :ARG3(z24, z37) ∧ more(z37) ∧ :mod(z37, z38) ∧ all(z38) ∧ :snt3(z0, z39) ∧ have-concession-91(z39) ∧ :ARG1(z39, z40) ∧ use-01(z40) ∧ :ARG0(z40, z41) ∧ person(z41) ∧ :mod(z41, z42) ∧ country(z42) ∧ :wiki(z42, "Ancient_Rome") ∧ :name(z42, z43) ∧ name(z43) ∧ :op1(z43, "Rome") ∧ :mod(z41, z44) ∧ ancient(z44) ∧ :ARG1(z40, z45) ∧ water(z45) ∧ :ARG2(z46, z45) ∧ source-02(z46) ∧ :ARG1(z46, z47) ∧ energy(z47) ∧ :ARG1(z48, z40) ∧ extensive-03(z48) ∧ :ARG1(z49, z40) ∧ excellent-02(z49) ∧ :location(z40, z50) ∧ part(z50) ∧ :part(z51, z50) ∧ empire(z51) ∧ :poss(z51, z41) ∧ :quant(z50, z52) ∧ some(z52) ∧ :ARG1(z53, z50) ∧ lie-07(z53) ∧ :ARG2(z53, z54) ∧ out(z54) ∧ :snt2(z0, z55) ∧ make-02(z55) ∧ :ARG0(z55, z56) ∧ this(z56) ∧ :ARG1(z55, z57) ∧ have-degree-91(z57) ∧ :ARG1(z57, z56) ∧ :ARG2(z57, z58) ∧ strike-01(z58) ∧ :ARG0(z58, z56) ∧ :ARG3(z57, z59) ∧ more(z59) ∧ :mod(z59, z60) ∧ all(z60)


Parents who consistently laud their children for every attempt to accomplish something, whether successful or not, actually erode the youngsters' sense of self-esteem. Children require commendation for their achievements, but if uniformly praised for both what they have accomplished and what they have merely attempted, they will eventually discount all words of commendation. In effect, such children never hear any praise at all.

Question: Which one of the following most accurately expresses the overall conclusion of the argument?

Choices:
- Children will develop low self-esteem if their parents do not praise them when they succeed.
- Children's self-esteem will suffer if their parents uniformly praise their attempts to accomplish things regardless of their success or failure.
- Parents should praise their children for their achievements.
- Children whose actions are praised undeservedly eventually learn to discount all words of praise.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / erode-01
              :ARG0 (z2 / person
                        :ARG0-of (z3 / laud-01
                                     :ARG1 (z4 / person
                                               :ARG0-of (z5 / have-rel-role-91
                                                            :ARG1 z2
                                                            :ARG2 (z6 / child)))
                                     :ARG2 (z7 / attempt-01
                                               :ARG0 z4
                                               :ARG1 (z8 / accomplish-01
                                                         :ARG0 z4
                                                         :ARG1 (z9 / something))
                                               :mod (z10 / every)
                                               :ARG1-of (z11 / regardless-91
                                                             :ARG2 (z12 / succeed-01
                                                                        :ARG0 z4)))
                                     :manner (z13 / consistent-02))
                        :ARG0-of (z14 / have-rel-role-91
                                      :ARG2 (z15 / parent)
                                      :ARG3 z6))
              :ARG1 (z16 / sense-01
                         :ARG0 (z17 / youngster)
                         :ARG1 (z18 / esteem-01
                                    :ARG0 z17
                                    :ARG1 z17))
              :ARG1-of (z19 / actual-02))
    :snt2 (z20 / contrast-01
               :ARG1 (z21 / require-01
                          :ARG0 (z22 / child)
                          :ARG1 (z23 / commendation
                                     :ARG1-of (z24 / cause-01
                                                   :ARG0 (z25 / achieve-01
                                                              :ARG0 z22))))
               :ARG2 (z26 / discount-02
                          :ARG0 z22
                          :ARG1 (z27 / word
                                     :ARG1-of (z28 / commendate-01)
                                     :mod (z29 / all))
                          :condition (z30 / praise-01
                                          :ARG1 z22
                                          :ARG2 (z31 / and
                                                     :op1 (z32 / thing
                                                               :ARG1-of (z33 / accomplish-01
                                                                             :ARG0 z22))
                                                     :op2 (z34 / thing
                                                               :ARG1-of (z35 / attempt-01
                                                                             :ARG0 z22
                                                                             :mod (z36 / mere))))
                                          :manner (z37 / uniform))
                          :time (z38 / eventual)))
    :snt3 (z39 / hear-01
               :polarity -
               :ARG0 (z40 / child
                          :mod (z41 / such))
               :ARG1 (z42 / praise-01
                          :mod (z43 / any)
                          :mod (z44 / at-all))
               :time (z45 / ever)
               :ARG1-of (z46 / effect-03)
               :mod (z47 / at-all))
    :snt4 (z48 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z49 / require-01
                          :ARG0 (z50 / child)
                          :ARG1 (z51 / commendation
                                     :ARG1-of (z52 / cause-01
                                                   :ARG0 (z53 / achieve-01
                                                              :ARG0 z50))))
               :ARG2 (z54 / have-condition-91
                          :ARG1 (z55 / discount-02
                                     :ARG0 z50
                                     :ARG1 (z56 / word
                                                :ARG1-of (z57 / commendate-01)
                                                :mod (z58 / all))
                                     :time (z59 / eventual))
                          :ARG2 (z60 / praise-01
                                     :ARG1 z50
                                     :ARG2 (z61 / and
                                                :op1 (z62 / thing
                                                          :ARG1-of (z63 / accomplish-01
                                                                        :ARG0 z50))
                                                :op2 (z64 / thing
                                                          :ARG1-of (z65 / attempt-01
                                                                        :ARG0 z50)))
                                     :manner (z66 / uniform))))
    :snt5 (z67 / erode-01
               :ARG0 (z68 / person
                          :ARG0-of (z69 / have-rel-role-91
                                        :ARG2 (z70 / parent)
                                        :ARG3 (z71 / child)))
               :ARG1 (z72 / sense-01
                          :ARG0 z50
                          :ARG1 (z73 / esteem-01
                                     :ARG0 z50
                                     :ARG1 z50))
               :ARG1-of (z74 / actual-02))
    :snt6 (z75 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z76 / hear-01
                          :polarity -
                          :ARG0 (z77 / child
                                     :mod (z78 / such))
                          :ARG1 (z79 / praise-01
                                     :mod (z80 / any)
                                     :mod (z81 / at-all))
                          :time (z82 / ever)
                          :ARG1-of (z83 / effect-03))
               :ARG2 (z84 / go-01
                          :ARG1 (z85 / and
                                     :op1 (z86 / age-01
                                               :ARG1 z77
                                               :ARG2 (z87 / temporal-quantity
                                                          :quant 1
                                                          :unit (z88 / year)))
                                     :op2 (z89 / age-01
                                               :ARG1 z77
                                               :ARG2 (z90 / temporal-quantity
                                                          :quant 1
                                                          :unit (z91 / year))))
                          :ARG1-of (z92 / succeed-01
                                        :polarity -))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ erode-01(z1) ∧ :ARG0(z1, z2) ∧ person(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z3, z2) ∧ laud-01(z3) ∧ :ARG1(z3, z4) ∧ person(z4) ∧ :ARG0(z5, z4) ∧ have-rel-role-91(z5) ∧ :ARG1(z5, z2) ∧ child(z6) ∧ :ARG2(z5, z6) ∧ :ARG2(z3, z7) ∧ attempt-01(z7) ∧ :ARG0(z7, z4) ∧ :ARG1(z7, z8) ∧ accomplish-01(z8) ∧ :ARG0(z8, z4) ∧ :ARG1(z8, z9) ∧ something(z9) ∧ :mod(z7, z10) ∧ every(z10) ∧ :ARG1(z11, z7) ∧ regardless-91(z11) ∧ :ARG2(z11, z12) ∧ succeed-01(z12) ∧ :ARG0(z12, z4) ∧ :manner(z3, z13) ∧ consistent-02(z13) ∧ :ARG0(z14, z2) ∧ have-rel-role-91(z14) ∧ :ARG2(z14, z15) ∧ parent(z15) ∧ :ARG3(z14, z6) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z16) ∧ sense-01(z16) ∧ :ARG0(z16, z17) ∧ youngster(z17) ∧ :ARG1(z16, z18) ∧ esteem-01(z18) ∧ :ARG0(z18, z17) ∧ :ARG1(z18, z17) ∧ :ARG1(z19, z1) ∧ actual-02(z19) ∧ :snt2(z0, z20) ∧ contrast-01(z20) ∧ :ARG1(z20, z21) ∧ require-01(z21) ∧ :ARG0(z21, z22) ∧ child(z22) ∧ :ARG1(z21, z23) ∧ commendation(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z24, z23) ∧ cause-01(z24) ∧ :ARG0(z24, z25) ∧ achieve-01(z25) ∧ :ARG0(z25, z22) ∧ :ARG2(z20, z26) ∧ :condition(z26, z30) ∧ praise-01(z30) ∧ :ARG1(z30, z22) ∧ :ARG2(z30, z31) ∧ and(z31) ∧ :op1(z31, z32) ∧ thing(z32) ∧ :ARG1(z33, z32) ∧ accomplish-01(z33) ∧ :ARG0(z33, z22) ∧ :op2(z31, z34) ∧ thing(z34) ∧ :ARG1(z35, z34) ∧ attempt-01(z35) ∧ :ARG0(z35, z22) ∧ :mod(z35, z36) ∧ mere(z36) ∧ :manner(z30, z37) ∧ uniform(z37) ∧ discount-02(z26) ∧ :ARG0(z26, z22) ∧ :ARG1(z26, z27) ∧ word(z27) ∧ :ARG1(z28, z27) ∧ commendate-01(z28) ∧ :mod(z27, z29) ∧ all(z29) ∧ :time(z26, z38) ∧ eventual(z38) ∧ ¬(:snt3(z0, z39) ∧ hear-01(z39) ∧ :ARG0(z39, z40) ∧ child(z40) ∧ :mod(z40, z41) ∧ such(z41) ∧ :ARG1(z39, z42) ∧ praise-01(z42) ∧ :mod(z42, z43) ∧ any(z43) ∧ :mod(z42, z44) ∧ at-all(z44) ∧ :time(z39, z45) ∧ ever(z45) ∧ :ARG1(z46, z39) ∧ effect-03(z46) ∧ :mod(z39, z47) ∧ at-all(z47)) ∧ :snt4(z0, z48) ∧ have-concession-91(z48) ∧ :ARG1(z48, z49) ∧ require-01(z49) ∧ :ARG0(z49, z50) ∧ child(z50) ∧ :ARG1(z49, z51) ∧ commendation(z51) ∧ :ARG1(z52, z51) ∧ cause-01(z52) ∧ :ARG0(z52, z53) ∧ achieve-01(z53) ∧ :ARG0(z53, z50) ∧ :ARG2(z48, z54) ∧ have-condition-91(z54) ∧ :ARG1(z54, z55) ∧ discount-02(z55) ∧ :ARG0(z55, z50) ∧ :ARG1(z55, z56) ∧ word(z56) ∧ :ARG1(z57, z56) ∧ commendate-01(z57) ∧ :mod(z56, z58) ∧ all(z58) ∧ :time(z55, z59) ∧ eventual(z59) ∧ :ARG2(z54, z60) ∧ praise-01(z60) ∧ :ARG1(z60, z50) ∧ :ARG2(z60, z61) ∧ and(z61) ∧ :op1(z61, z62) ∧ thing(z62) ∧ :ARG1(z63, z62) ∧ accomplish-01(z63) ∧ :ARG0(z63, z50) ∧ :op2(z61, z64) ∧ thing(z64) ∧ :ARG1(z65, z64) ∧ attempt-01(z65) ∧ :ARG0(z65, z50) ∧ :manner(z60, z66) ∧ uniform(z66) ∧ :snt5(z0, z67) ∧ erode-01(z67) ∧ :ARG0(z67, z68) ∧ person(z68) ∧ :ARG0(z69, z68) ∧ have-rel-role-91(z69) ∧ :ARG2(z69, z70) ∧ parent(z70) ∧ :ARG3(z69, z71) ∧ child(z71) ∧ :ARG1(z67, z72) ∧ sense-01(z72) ∧ :ARG0(z72, z50) ∧ :ARG1(z72, z73) ∧ esteem-01(z73) ∧ :ARG0(z73, z50) ∧ :ARG1(z73, z50) ∧ :ARG1(z74, z67) ∧ actual-02(z74) ∧ :snt6(z0, z75) ∧ have-concession-91(z75) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z75, z76) ∧ hear-01(z76) ∧ :ARG0(z76, z77) ∧ child(z77) ∧ :mod(z77, z78) ∧ such(z78) ∧ :ARG1(z76, z79) ∧ praise-01(z79) ∧ :mod(z79, z80) ∧ any(z80) ∧ :mod(z79, z81) ∧ at-all(z81) ∧ :time(z76, z82) ∧ ever(z82) ∧ :ARG1(z83, z76) ∧ effect-03(z83)) ∧ :ARG2(z75, z84) ∧ go-01(z84) ∧ :ARG1(z84, z85) ∧ and(z85) ∧ :op1(z85, z86) ∧ age-01(z86) ∧ :ARG1(z86, z77) ∧ :ARG2(z86, z87) ∧ temporal-quantity(z87) ∧ :quant(z87, 1) ∧ :unit(z87, z88) ∧ year(z88) ∧ :op2(z85, z89) ∧ age-01(z89) ∧ :ARG1(z89, z77) ∧ :ARG2(z89, z90) ∧ temporal-quantity(z90) ∧ :quant(z90, 1) ∧ :unit(z90, z91) ∧ year(z91) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z92, z84) ∧ succeed-01(z92))


Dobson: Some historians claim that the people who built a ring of stones thousands of years ago in Britain were knowledgeable about celestial events. The ground for this claim is that two of the stones determine a line pointing directly to the position of the sun at sunrise at the spring equinox. There are many stones in the ring, however, so the chance that one pair will point in a celestially significant direction is large. Ttherefore, the people who built the ring were not knowledgeable about celestial events .

Question: Which one of the following is an error of reasoning in Dobson's argument?

Choices:
- Statements that absolutely establish Dobson's conclusion are treated as if they merely give some support to that conclusion.
- The failure of cited evidence to establish a statement is taken as evidence that statement is false.
- Something that is merely a matter of opinion is treated as if it were subject to verification as a matter of fact.
- Dobson's conclusion logically contradicts some of the evidence presented in support of it.

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / say-01
              :ARG0 (z2 / person
                        :wiki -
                        :name (z3 / name
                                  :op1 "Dobson"))
              :ARG1 (z4 / claim-01
                        :ARG0 (z5 / person
                                  :mod (z6 / some)
                                  :ARG0-of (z7 / have-org-role-91
                                               :ARG2 (z8 / historian)))
                        :ARG1 (z9 / know-01
                                  :ARG0 (z10 / person
                                             :ARG0-of (z11 / build-01
                                                           :ARG1 (z12 / ring
                                                                      :consist-of (z13 / stone))
                                                           :time (z14 / before
                                                                      :op1 (z15 / now)
                                                                      :quant (z16 / multiple
                                                                                :op1 (z17 / temporal-quantity
                                                                                :quant 1000
                                                                                :unit (z18 / year))))
                                                           :location (z19 / country
                                                                          :wiki "United_Kingdom"
                                                                          :name (z20 / name
                                                                                :op1 "Britain"))))
                                  :ARG1 (z21 / event
                                             :mod (z22 / celestial))))
              :snt2 (z23 / cause-01
                         :ARG1 (z24 / know-01
                                    :polarity -
                                    :ARG0 (z25 / person
                                               :ARG0-of (z26 / build-01
                                                             :ARG1 (z27 / ring)))
                                    :ARG1 z21))
              :snt3 (z28 / ground
                         :purpose (z29 / claim-01
                                       :ARG1 (z30 / this))
                         :domain (z31 / determine-01
                                      :ARG0 (z32 / stone
                                                 :quant 2
                                                 :ARG1-of (z33 / include-91
                                                               :ARG2 (z34 / stone)))
                                      :ARG1 (z35 / line
                                                 :ARG0-of (z36 / point-01
                                                               :ARG2 (z37 / position-01
                                                                          :ARG1 (z38 / sun)
                                                                          :time (z39 / date-entity
                                                                                :dayperiod (z40 / dawn
                                                                                :time-of (z41 / equinox
                                                                                :mod (z42 / spring)))))
                                                               :ARG1-of (z43 / direct-02)))))
              :snt4 (z44 / contrast-01
                         :ARG2 (z45 / have-concession-91
                                    :ARG1 (z46 / include-91
                                               :ARG1 (z47 / stone
                                                          :quant (z48 / many))
                                               :ARG2 (z49 / ring))
                                    :ARG2 (z50 / chance-02
                                               :ARG1 (z51 / point-01
                                                          :ARG0 (z52 / pair
                                                                     :quant 1)
                                                          :ARG2 (z53 / direction
                                                                     :ARG1-of (z54 / significant-02
                                                                                :mod (z55 / celestially))))
                                               :ARG2 (z56 / large))))
              :snt5 (z57 / cause-01
                         :ARG1 (z58 / know-01
                                    :polarity -
                                    :ARG0 (z59 / person
                                               :ARG0-of (z60 / build-01
                                                             :ARG1 (z61 / ring)))
                                    :ARG1 (z62 / event
                                               :mod (z63 / celestial))))
              :snt6 (z64 / age-01
                         :ARG1 (z65 / person
                                    :wiki "Garth_Brooks"
                                    :name (z66 / name
                                               :op1 "Garth"
                                               :op2 "Brooks"))
                         :ARG2 (z67 / temporal-quantity
                                    :quant 1
                                    :unit (z68 / year))
                         :time (z69 / before
                                    :op1 (z70 / now))
                         :location (z71 / country
                                        :wiki "United_Kingdom"
                                        :name (z72 / name
                                                   :op1 "Britain")))
              :snt7 (z73 / say-01
                         :ARG0 (z74 / i)
                         :ARG1 (z75 / cause-01
                                    :ARG1 (z76 / know-01
                                               :polarity -
                                               :ARG0 (z77 / person
                                                          :ARG0-of (z78 / build-01
                                                                        :ARG1 (z79 / ring)))
                                               :ARG1 (z80 / event
                                                          :mod (z81 / celestial)))))
              :snt8 (z82 / say-01
                         :ARG0 (z83 / person
                                    :wiki "Garth_Brooks"
                                    :name (z84 / name
                                               :op1 "Garth"
                                               :op2 "Brooks"))
                         :ARG1 (z85 / have-concession-91
                                    :ARG1 (z86 / be-located-at-91
                                               :ARG1 (z87 / stone
                                                          :quant (z88 / many))
                                               :ARG2 (z89 / ring)))))
    :domain (z91 / chance-02
                 :ARG1 (z92 / point-01
                            :ARG0 (z93 / pair
                                       :quant 1
                                       :ARG1-of (z94 / include-91
                                                     :ARG2 (z95 / pair)))
                            :ARG2 (z96 / direction
                                       :ARG1-of (z97 / significant-02
                                                     :mod (z98 / celestially))))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ say-01(z1) ∧ :ARG0(z1, z2) ∧ person(z2) ∧ :wiki(z2, -) ∧ :name(z2, z3) ∧ name(z3) ∧ :op1(z3, "Dobson") ∧ :ARG1(z1, z4) ∧ claim-01(z4) ∧ :ARG0(z4, z5) ∧ person(z5) ∧ :mod(z5, z6) ∧ some(z6) ∧ :ARG0(z7, z5) ∧ have-org-role-91(z7) ∧ :ARG2(z7, z8) ∧ historian(z8) ∧ :ARG1(z4, z9) ∧ know-01(z9) ∧ :ARG0(z9, z10) ∧ person(z10) ∧ :ARG0(z11, z10) ∧ build-01(z11) ∧ :ARG1(z11, z12) ∧ ring(z12) ∧ :consist(z13, z12) ∧ stone(z13) ∧ :time(z11, z14) ∧ before(z14) ∧ :op1(z14, z15) ∧ now(z15) ∧ :quant(z14, z16) ∧ multiple(z16) ∧ :op1(z16, z17) ∧ temporal-quantity(z17) ∧ :quant(z17, 1000) ∧ :unit(z17, z18) ∧ year(z18) ∧ :location(z11, z19) ∧ country(z19) ∧ :wiki(z19, "United_Kingdom") ∧ :name(z19, z20) ∧ name(z20) ∧ :op1(z20, "Britain") ∧ :ARG1(z9, z21) ∧ event(z21) ∧ :mod(z21, z22) ∧ celestial(z22) ∧ :snt2(z1, z23) ∧ cause-01(z23) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z23, z24) ∧ know-01(z24) ∧ :ARG0(z24, z25) ∧ person(z25) ∧ :ARG0(z26, z25) ∧ build-01(z26) ∧ :ARG1(z26, z27) ∧ ring(z27) ∧ :ARG1(z24, z21)) ∧ :snt3(z1, z28) ∧ ground(z28) ∧ :purpose(z28, z29) ∧ claim-01(z29) ∧ :ARG1(z29, z30) ∧ this(z30) ∧ :domain(z28, z31) ∧ determine-01(z31) ∧ :ARG0(z31, z32) ∧ stone(z32) ∧ :quant(z32, 2) ∧ :ARG1(z33, z32) ∧ include-91(z33) ∧ :ARG2(z33, z34) ∧ stone(z34) ∧ :ARG1(z31, z35) ∧ line(z35) ∧ :ARG0(z36, z35) ∧ point-01(z36) ∧ :ARG2(z36, z37) ∧ position-01(z37) ∧ :ARG1(z37, z38) ∧ sun(z38) ∧ :time(z37, z39) ∧ date-entity(z39) ∧ :dayperiod(z39, z40) ∧ dawn(z40) ∧ :time(z41, z40) ∧ equinox(z41) ∧ :mod(z41, z42) ∧ spring(z42) ∧ :ARG1(z43, z36) ∧ direct-02(z43) ∧ :snt4(z1, z44) ∧ contrast-01(z44) ∧ :ARG2(z44, z45) ∧ have-concession-91(z45) ∧ :ARG1(z45, z46) ∧ include-91(z46) ∧ :ARG1(z46, z47) ∧ stone(z47) ∧ :quant(z47, z48) ∧ many(z48) ∧ :ARG2(z46, z49) ∧ ring(z49) ∧ :ARG2(z45, z50) ∧ chance-02(z50) ∧ :ARG1(z50, z51) ∧ point-01(z51) ∧ :ARG0(z51, z52) ∧ pair(z52) ∧ :quant(z52, 1) ∧ :ARG2(z51, z53) ∧ direction(z53) ∧ :ARG1(z54, z53) ∧ significant-02(z54) ∧ :mod(z54, z55) ∧ celestially(z55) ∧ :ARG2(z50, z56) ∧ large(z56) ∧ :snt5(z1, z57) ∧ cause-01(z57) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z57, z58) ∧ know-01(z58) ∧ :ARG0(z58, z59) ∧ person(z59) ∧ :ARG0(z60, z59) ∧ build-01(z60) ∧ :ARG1(z60, z61) ∧ ring(z61) ∧ :ARG1(z58, z62) ∧ event(z62) ∧ :mod(z62, z63) ∧ celestial(z63)) ∧ :snt6(z1, z64) ∧ age-01(z64) ∧ :ARG1(z64, z65) ∧ person(z65) ∧ :wiki(z65, "Garth_Brooks") ∧ :name(z65, z66) ∧ name(z66) ∧ :op1(z66, "Garth") ∧ :op2(z66, "Brooks") ∧ :ARG2(z64, z67) ∧ temporal-quantity(z67) ∧ :quant(z67, 1) ∧ :unit(z67, z68) ∧ year(z68) ∧ :time(z64, z69) ∧ before(z69) ∧ :op1(z69, z70) ∧ now(z70) ∧ :location(z64, z71) ∧ country(z71) ∧ :wiki(z71, "United_Kingdom") ∧ :name(z71, z72) ∧ name(z72) ∧ :op1(z72, "Britain") ∧ :snt7(z1, z73) ∧ say-01(z73) ∧ :ARG0(z73, z74) ∧ i(z74) ∧ :ARG1(z73, z75) ∧ cause-01(z75) ∧ ¬(:ARG1(z75, z76) ∧ know-01(z76) ∧ :ARG0(z76, z77) ∧ person(z77) ∧ :ARG0(z78, z77) ∧ build-01(z78) ∧ :ARG1(z78, z79) ∧ ring(z79) ∧ :ARG1(z76, z80) ∧ event(z80) ∧ :mod(z80, z81) ∧ celestial(z81)) ∧ :snt8(z1, z82) ∧ say-01(z82) ∧ :ARG0(z82, z83) ∧ person(z83) ∧ :wiki(z83, "Garth_Brooks") ∧ :name(z83, z84) ∧ name(z84) ∧ :op1(z84, "Garth") ∧ :op2(z84, "Brooks") ∧ :ARG1(z82, z85) ∧ have-concession-91(z85) ∧ :ARG1(z85, z86) ∧ be-located-at-91(z86) ∧ :ARG1(z86, z87) ∧ stone(z87) ∧ :quant(z87, z88) ∧ many(z88) ∧ :ARG2(z86, z89) ∧ ring(z89) ∧ :domain(z0, z91) ∧ chance-02(z91) ∧ :ARG1(z91, z92) ∧ point-01(z92) ∧ :ARG0(z92, z93) ∧ pair(z93) ∧ :quant(z93, 1) ∧ :ARG1(z94, z93) ∧ include-91(z94) ∧ :ARG2(z94, z95) ∧ pair(z95) ∧ :ARG2(z92, z96) ∧ direction(z96) ∧ :ARG1(z97, z96) ∧ significant-02(z97) ∧ :mod(z97, z98) ∧ celestially(z98)


Emotional incentive effect is a management incentive method to stimulate the enthusiasm of the managed through good emotional relationship, so as to improve work efficiency.

Question: Which of the following is an emotional incentive effect?

Choices:
- An employee was suspected of collecting customer benefits without permission and was ordered to wait for post for reflection. He was very sad.
- The thought and behavior of the employees were praised by the leaders, resulting in the emotion of continuing to adhere to it.
- An employee felt helpless because he was satirized, attacked and retaliated against the manager at the meeting.
- The manager's office decided not to allow employees to talk about family affairs in the company in the future.

(z0 / method
    :instrument-of (z1 / incentivize-01
                       :ARG0 (z2 / manage-01))
    :purpose (z3 / stimulate-01
                 :ARG0 z2
                 :ARG1 (z4 / enthusiasm
                           :poss (z5 / person
                                     :ARG1-of (z6 / manage-01)))
                 :manner (z7 / relation-03
                             :ARG1 (z8 / emotion)
                             :ARG1-of (z9 / good-02))
                 :purpose (z10 / improve-01
                               :ARG0 z2
                               :ARG1 (z11 / efficient-01
                                          :ARG1 (z12 / work-01))))
    :domain (z13 / effect-03
                 :ARG1 (z14 / incentivize-01
                            :ARG0 (z15 / emotion)))
    :ARG1-of (z16 / mean-01
                  :ARG2 (z17 / method
                             :instrument-of z1
                             :purpose (z18 / stimulate-01
                                           :ARG0 z2
                                           :ARG1 z4
                                           :manner (z19 / relation-03
                                                        :ARG1 (z20 / emotion)
                                                        :ARG1-of (z21 / good-02))
                                           :purpose (z22 / improve-01
                                                         :ARG0 z2
                                                         :ARG1 (z23 / efficient-01
                                                                    :ARG1 z12))))))

method(z0) ∧ :instrument(z1, z0) ∧ incentivize-01(z1) ∧ :ARG0(z1, z2) ∧ manage-01(z2) ∧ :purpose(z0, z3) ∧ stimulate-01(z3) ∧ :ARG0(z3, z2) ∧ :ARG1(z3, z4) ∧ enthusiasm(z4) ∧ :poss(z4, z5) ∧ person(z5) ∧ :ARG1(z6, z5) ∧ manage-01(z6) ∧ :manner(z3, z7) ∧ relation-03(z7) ∧ :ARG1(z7, z8) ∧ emotion(z8) ∧ :ARG1(z9, z7) ∧ good-02(z9) ∧ :purpose(z3, z10) ∧ improve-01(z10) ∧ :ARG0(z10, z2) ∧ :ARG1(z10, z11) ∧ efficient-01(z11) ∧ :ARG1(z11, z12) ∧ work-01(z12) ∧ :domain(z0, z13) ∧ effect-03(z13) ∧ :ARG1(z13, z14) ∧ incentivize-01(z14) ∧ :ARG0(z14, z15) ∧ emotion(z15) ∧ :ARG1(z16, z0) ∧ mean-01(z16) ∧ :ARG2(z16, z17) ∧ method(z17) ∧ :instrument(z1, z17) ∧ :purpose(z17, z18) ∧ stimulate-01(z18) ∧ :ARG0(z18, z2) ∧ :ARG1(z18, z4) ∧ :manner(z18, z19) ∧ relation-03(z19) ∧ :ARG1(z19, z20) ∧ emotion(z20) ∧ :ARG1(z21, z19) ∧ good-02(z21) ∧ :purpose(z18, z22) ∧ improve-01(z22) ∧ :ARG0(z22, z2) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z23) ∧ efficient-01(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z12)


Millions of homes are now using low-energy lighting, but millions more have still to make the switch, a fact that the government and the home lighting industry are eager to change. Although low-wattage bulbs cost more per bulb than normal bulbs, their advantages to the homeowner are enormous, and ttherefore everyone should use low-wattage bulbs.

Question: Information about which one of the following would be LEAST useful in evaluating the argument?

Choices:
- the opinion of current users of low-wattage bulbs as to their effectiveness
- the profits the home lighting industry expects to make from sales of low-wattage bulbs
- the specific cost of a low-wattage bulb compared with that of a normal bulb
- the actual cost of burning low-wattage bulbs compared to that of burning normal bulbs

(z0 / multi-sentence
    :snt1 (z1 / contrast-01
              :ARG1 (z2 / use-01
                        :ARG0 (z3 / home
                                  :quant (z4 / multiple
                                             :op1 1000000))
                        :ARG1 (z5 / lighting
                                  :mod (z6 / energy
                                           :ARG1-of (z7 / low-04)))
                        :time (z8 / now))
              :ARG2 (z9 / obligate-01
                        :ARG1 (z10 / home
                                   :quant (z11 / more
                                               :quant z4))
                        :ARG2 (z12 / switch-01
                                   :ARG0 z10
                                   :mod (z13 / still))
                        :mod (z14 / fact
                                  :ARG1-of (z15 / change-01
                                                :ARG0 (z16 / and
                                                           :op1 (z17 / government-organization
                                                                     :ARG0-of (z18 / govern-01))
                                                           :op2 (z19 / industry
                                                                     :mod (z20 / lighting
                                                                               :mod (z21 / home))))
                                                :ARG1-of (z22 / eager-01
                                                              :ARG0 z16)))))
    :snt2 (z23 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z24 / cost-01
                          :ARG1 (z25 / bulb
                                     :mod (z26 / watt
                                               :ARG1-of (z27 / low-04)))
                          :ARG2 (z28 / rate-entity-91
                                     :ARG1 (z29 / more)
                                     :ARG2 (z30 / bulb))
                          :ARG1-of (z31 / have-quant-91
                                        :ARG3 (z32 / more)
                                        :ARG4 (z33 / bulb
                                                   :ARG1-of (z34 / normal-02))))
               :ARG2 (z35 / cause-01
                          :ARG1 (z36 / recommend-01
                                     :ARG1 (z37 / use-01
                                                :ARG0 (z38 / everyone)
                                                :ARG1 z25))))
    :snt3 (z39 / enormous
               :domain (z40 / advantage-01
                            :ARG1 z25
                            :ARG2 (z41 / person
                                       :ARG0-of (z42 / own-01
                                                     :ARG1 (z43 / home)))))
    :snt4 (z44 / cause-01
               :ARG1 (z45 / recommend-01
                          :ARG1 (z46 / use-01
                                     :ARG0 (z47 / everyone)
                                     :ARG1 (z48 / bulb
                                                :mod (z49 / watt
                                                          :ARG1-of (z50 / low-04))))))
    :snt5 (z51 / have-concession-91
               :ARG1 (z52 / cost-01
                          :ARG1 (z53 / bulb
                                     :mod (z54 / watt
                                               :ARG1-of (z55 / low-04)))
                          :ARG2 (z56 / rate-entity-91
                                     :ARG1 (z57 / more)
                                     :ARG2 (z58 / bulb)))
               :ARG2 (z59 / cost-01
                          :ARG1 z53
                          :ARG2 (z60 / monetary-quantity
                                     :ARG1-of (z61 / have-quant-91
                                                   :ARG3 (z62 / more)
                                                   :ARG4 (z63 / bulb
                                                              :ARG1-of (z64 / normal-02))))))
    :snt6 (z65 / want-01
               :ARG0 (z66 / and
                          :op1 (z67 / government-organization
                                    :ARG0-of (z68 / govern-01))
                          :op2 (z69 / industry
                                    :mod (z70 / lighting
                                              :mod (z71 / home))))
               :ARG1 (z72 / change-01
                          :ARG0 z66
                          :ARG1 z39))
    :snt7 (z73 / contrast-01
               :ARG1 (z74 / use-01
                          :ARG0 (z75 / home
                                     :quant (z76 / multiple
                                                 :op1 1000000))
                          :ARG1 (z77 / lighting
                                     :mod (z78 / energy
                                               :ARG1-of (z79 / low-04)))
                          :time (z80 / now))
               :ARG2 (z81 / obligate-01
                          :ARG1 z75
                          :ARG2 (z82 / switch-01
                                     :ARG0 z75
                                     :ARG1 z75)
                          :mod (z83 / still))))

multi-sentence(z0) ∧ :snt1(z0, z1) ∧ contrast-01(z1) ∧ :ARG1(z1, z2) ∧ use-01(z2) ∧ :ARG0(z2, z3) ∧ home(z3) ∧ :quant(z3, z4) ∧ multiple(z4) ∧ :op1(z4, 1000000) ∧ :ARG1(z2, z5) ∧ lighting(z5) ∧ :mod(z5, z6) ∧ energy(z6) ∧ :ARG1(z7, z6) ∧ low-04(z7) ∧ :time(z2, z8) ∧ now(z8) ∧ :ARG2(z1, z9) ∧ obligate-01(z9) ∧ :ARG1(z9, z10) ∧ home(z10) ∧ :quant(z10, z11) ∧ more(z11) ∧ :quant(z11, z4) ∧ :ARG2(z9, z12) ∧ switch-01(z12) ∧ :ARG0(z12, z10) ∧ :mod(z12, z13) ∧ still(z13) ∧ :mod(z9, z14) ∧ fact(z14) ∧ :ARG1(z15, z14) ∧ change-01(z15) ∧ :ARG0(z15, z16) ∧ and(z16) ∧ :op1(z16, z17) ∧ government-organization(z17) ∧ :ARG0(z18, z17) ∧ govern-01(z18) ∧ :op2(z16, z19) ∧ industry(z19) ∧ :mod(z19, z20) ∧ lighting(z20) ∧ :mod(z20, z21) ∧ home(z21) ∧ :ARG1(z22, z15) ∧ eager-01(z22) ∧ :ARG0(z22, z16) ∧ :snt2(z0, z23) ∧ have-concession-91(z23) ∧ :ARG1(z23, z24) ∧ cost-01(z24) ∧ :ARG1(z24, z25) ∧ bulb(z25) ∧ :mod(z25, z26) ∧ watt(z26) ∧ :ARG1(z27, z26) ∧ low-04(z27) ∧ :ARG2(z24, z28) ∧ rate-entity-91(z28) ∧ :ARG1(z28, z29) ∧ more(z29) ∧ :ARG2(z28, z30) ∧ bulb(z30) ∧ :ARG1(z31, z24) ∧ have-quant-91(z31) ∧ :ARG3(z31, z32) ∧ more(z32) ∧ :ARG4(z31, z33) ∧ bulb(z33) ∧ :ARG1(z34, z33) ∧ normal-02(z34) ∧ :ARG2(z23, z35) ∧ cause-01(z35) ∧ :ARG1(z35, z36) ∧ recommend-01(z36) ∧ :ARG1(z36, z37) ∧ use-01(z37) ∧ :ARG0(z37, z38) ∧ everyone(z38) ∧ :ARG1(z37, z25) ∧ :snt3(z0, z39) ∧ enormous(z39) ∧ :domain(z39, z40) ∧ advantage-01(z40) ∧ :ARG1(z40, z25) ∧ :ARG2(z40, z41) ∧ person(z41) ∧ :ARG0(z42, z41) ∧ own-01(z42) ∧ :ARG1(z42, z43) ∧ home(z43) ∧ :snt4(z0, z44) ∧ cause-01(z44) ∧ :ARG1(z44, z45) ∧ recommend-01(z45) ∧ :ARG1(z45, z46) ∧ use-01(z46) ∧ :ARG0(z46, z47) ∧ everyone(z47) ∧ :ARG1(z46, z48) ∧ bulb(z48) ∧ :mod(z48, z49) ∧ watt(z49) ∧ :ARG1(z50, z49) ∧ low-04(z50) ∧ :snt5(z0, z51) ∧ have-concession-91(z51) ∧ :ARG1(z51, z52) ∧ cost-01(z52) ∧ :ARG1(z52, z53) ∧ bulb(z53) ∧ :mod(z53, z54) ∧ watt(z54) ∧ :ARG1(z55, z54) ∧ low-04(z55) ∧ :ARG2(z52, z56) ∧ rate-entity-91(z56) ∧ :ARG1(z56, z57) ∧ more(z57) ∧ :ARG2(z56, z58) ∧ bulb(z58) ∧ :ARG2(z51, z59) ∧ cost-01(z59) ∧ :ARG1(z59, z53) ∧ :ARG2(z59, z60) ∧ monetary-quantity(z60) ∧ :ARG1(z61, z60) ∧ have-quant-91(z61) ∧ :ARG3(z61, z62) ∧ more(z62) ∧ :ARG4(z61, z63) ∧ bulb(z63) ∧ :ARG1(z64, z63) ∧ normal-02(z64) ∧ :snt6(z0, z65) ∧ want-01(z65) ∧ :ARG0(z65, z66) ∧ and(z66) ∧ :op1(z66, z67) ∧ government-organization(z67) ∧ :ARG0(z68, z67) ∧ govern-01(z68) ∧ :op2(z66, z69) ∧ industry(z69) ∧ :mod(z69, z70) ∧ lighting(z70) ∧ :mod(z70, z71) ∧ home(z71) ∧ :ARG1(z65, z72) ∧ change-01(z72) ∧ :ARG0(z72, z66) ∧ :ARG1(z72, z39) ∧ :snt7(z0, z73) ∧ contrast-01(z73) ∧ :ARG1(z73, z74) ∧ use-01(z74) ∧ :ARG0(z74, z75) ∧ home(z75) ∧ :quant(z75, z76) ∧ multiple(z76) ∧ :op1(z76, 1000000) ∧ :ARG1(z74, z77) ∧ lighting(z77) ∧ :mod(z77, z78) ∧ energy(z78) ∧ :ARG1(z79, z78) ∧ low-04(z79) ∧ :time(z74, z80) ∧ now(z80) ∧ :ARG2(z73, z81) ∧ obligate-01(z81) ∧ :ARG1(z81, z75) ∧ :ARG2(z81, z82) ∧ switch-01(z82) ∧ :ARG0(z82, z75) ∧ :ARG1(z82, z75) ∧ :mod(z81, z83) ∧ still(z83)