1 Introduction
1.1 Requirements and Challenges
1.2 Classification
1.3 Contribution
1.4 Organization

2 Terminology of Computational Linguistics

3 Text-to-Picture

4 Text-to-Scene
4.2 PUT
4.3 WordsEye
4.4 AVDT
4.5 System Developed at Stanford University
4.6 Systems That Learn Visual Clues

5 Text-to-Animation
5.1 SHRLDU
5.2 PAR
5.3 Carsim
5.4 ScriptViz
5.5 CONFUCIS
5.6 Scene Maker
5.7 System Developed at Kyushu Institute of Technology
5.8 IVELL
5.9 Other Systems

6 Discussion

7 Conclusion