1 INTRODUCTION  
2 BACKGROUND  
2.1 Image Segmentation  
2.2 Foundation Model  
3 SEGMENTATION KNOWLEDGE EMERGES FROM FMS  
4 FOUNDATION MODEL BASED GIS  
4.1 Semantic Segmentation  
4.2 Instance Segmentation  
4.3 Panoptic Segmentation  
5 FOUNDATION MODEL BASED PIS  
5.1 Interactive Segmentation  
5.2 Referring Segmentation  
5.3 Few-Shot Segmentation  
6 OPEN ISSUE AND FUTURE DIRECTION  
7 CONCLUSION