1. Introduction  
2. Background  
2.1. Problem Formulation  
2.2. Datasets  
2.3. Evaluation Metrics  
3. Temporal Knowledge Graph Representation Learning Methods  
4. Applications of Temporal Knowledge Graph  
5. Future Directions  
5.1. Scalability  
5.2. Interpretability  
5.3. Information Fusion  
5.4. Incorporating Large Language Models  
6. Conclusion