I. INTRODUCTION

II. HIERARCHICAL ROUTING PROTOCOLS
A. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy)
B. Solar-aware Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (sLEACH)
C. Multi-hop LEACH
D. Mobile-LEACH (M-LEACH)

IV. ANALYTICAL COMPARISON FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS
A. Energy consumption

V. SIMULATION RESULTS AND ANALYSIS