1 Introduction  
2 Large Language Models in Autonomous Driving  
2.1 Overview  
2.2 Applications in Autonomous Driving  
2.3 Methods and Techniques  
2.4 Limitations and Future Directions  
2.5 Summary  
3 Vision Foundation Model  
3.1 Perception  
3.2 Video Generation and World Model  
3.3 Limitations and Future Directions  
4 Multi-modal Foundation Models  
4.1 Visual Understanding and Reasoning  
4.2 Unified Perception and Planning  
4.3 Limitations and Future Directions  
5 Conclusion and Future Directions