1. Introduction
2. Related Concepts
2.1. Definition of Digital Fingerprint
2.2. Hash Functions
3. Text-Based Digital Fingerprints
3.1. Preprocessing
3.2. Text-Based Digital Fingerprint Algorithms
4. Image-Based Digital Fingerprints
4.1. Construction Methods and Classification of Digital Image Fingerprints
5. Video Digital Fingerprint
5.1. Fundamentals of Video Digital Fingerprints
5.2. Construction Methods and Classification of Video Digital Fingerprints
6. Audio Digital Fingerprints
6.1. Concept and Application of Audio Fingerprint Technology
7. Deep Hashing
7.1. Text
7.2. Images
7.3. Videos
7.4. Audio
8. Applications of Digital Fingerprints
8.1. Content Recognition and Retrieval
8.2. Authentication
8.3. Broadcast Monitoring
8.4. Multimedia Data Filtering
8.5. Content-Based Copy Detection
8.6. Data Deduplication
8.7. Client-Side Scanning
8.8. Large Model-Based Application
9. Challenges and Opportunities
9.1. Challenges
9.2. Opportunities
10. Conclusion