KEYWORDS

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Review of Authentication Approaches in Mobile Payment Applications — Challenges and Evolution

2. PROPOSED STRONG AUTHENTICATION APPROACHES FOR WALLET

2.1 Proposed Strong Authentication Approach for Proximity Wallet

2.2 Proposed Strong Authentication Approach for Remote Wallet

2.3 Proposed Approach of Strong Handset User Authentication for Combined Wallet

3. APPLICATION OF THE APPROACHES AND EVOLUTION

4. CONCLUSIONS