I. INTRODUCTION  
A. Development of Video Understanding Methods  
B. Related Surveys  
C. Survey Structure  

II. PRELIMINARIES  
A. Video Understanding Tasks  
B. Taxonomy  
C. Training Strategies for Vid-LLMs  

IV. BENCHMARKS AND EVALUATION  
A. Closed-set Evaluation  
B. Open-set Evaluation  
C. Others  

V. APPLICATIONS  
B. Interactive and User-Centric Technologies  
C. Healthcare and Security Applications  

VI. FUTURE DIRECTIONS AND CONCLUSION  
A. Limitations and Future Work  
B. Conclusion