I. INTRODUCTION  
B. The Crucial Role of Multiple Access  
C. Objectives and Organization  

II. AN OVERVIEW OF MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES  
A. Orthogonal Multiple Access  
B. Physical Layer Multicasting  
C. Space Division Multiple Access  
D. Power-domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access  
F. Code-Domain Multiple Access  
G. Multiple Access in Other Domains  
H. Technology Outlook and Future Works  

III. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR MULTIPLE ACCESS  

IV. MULTIPLE ACCESS FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE  
A. MA for Federated Learning and Edge Intelligence  
B. Over The Air Computation  
C. Technology Outlook and Future Works  

V. MULTIPLE ACCESS FOR INTEGRATED SENSING AND COMMUNICATIONS  

VI. APPLICATIONS  
B. Metaverse  
C. Virtual Reality  
D. Smart Radio and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces  

VII. ROADMAP TO 6G STANDARDIZATION  
A. MA in 3G and 4G  
B. MA in 5G and 6G  
C. AI/ML in 5G and 6G  

VIII. CONCLUSIONS