1 INTRODUCTION

2 PROBLEM FORMULATION AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATIONS
2.1 Problem Formulation
2.2 Event Prediction Evaluation

3 EVENT PREDICTION TECHNIQUES

4 APPLICATIONS OF EVENT PREDICTIONS

5 OPEN CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
5.1 Model Transparency, Interpretability, and Accountability
5.2 Vulnerability to Noise and Adversarial Attacks
5.3 Integration of Mechanistic Knowledge and Data-Driven Models
5.4 Prescriptive and Counterfactual Analysis
5.5 Multi-Objective Training

6 CONCLUSION