1. Introduction  
2. An Overview of the General Framework for DPAs in ITS  
2.1. Preliminary: Basic Components of Attack Models  
2.2. Framework for Studying DPAs in ITS  
3. DPAs against ITS data  
3.1. Data Supporting Individual Users  
3.2. DPA against Vehicular Data  
3.3. Attacks Targeting V2X  
3.4. Attacks Targeting Data Collection and Infrastructure  
4. General Framework  
4.1. Attack Goal  
4.2. Attacker’s Knowledge  
4.3. Attacker’s Capability  
4.4. Attack Strategy  
4.5. Risk Assessment  
5. Discussions of Research Challenges  
5.2. Unrealistic Attack Settings  
5.3. Limited Studies on Risk Assessment  
6. Future Work  
6.3. Supporting Risk Assessment  
6.4. Designing More Diverse and Effective Attack Models  
6.5. Designing Defense Solutions  
7. Conclusion