1 Introduction  
2 Background  
2.1 Domain Adaptation  
2.2 Domain Generalization  
2.3 Domain Adaptation and Domain Generalization Categories  
2.4 Medical Images and Signals Analysis  
3 Domain Adaptation and Generalization for Medical Image Analysis  
3.1 DG and DA Tasks in Medical Image Analysis  
3.2 DG vs. DA in Medical Image Analysis  
4 Architectures  
5 Methods  
5.1 DA Approaches  
5.2 DG Approaches  
6 Datasets  
6.1 Main EEG Datasets  
6.2 Other EEG Datasets  
6.3 Main fMRI Datasets  
6.4 Other fMRI Datasets  
7 Future Directions  
7.1 Interpretation  
7.2 Multi-Source Processing  
7.3 Incremental and Online Learning  
7.4 Privacy Preserving  
7.5 Disentangled Representation Learning  
7.6 Multi-Modal Medical Data Processing  
7.7 Federated Learning of Medical Data  
7.8 Cross-Modality Generalization and Adaptation  
8 Conclusion