1 Introduction

2 Trustworthiness Challenges in RS Lifecycle  
2.1 Challenges in Data Preparation  
2.2 Challenges in Representation Learning  
2.3 Challenges in Recommendation Generation  
2.4 Challenges in Evaluation

3 Causality-oriented TRS Methods  
3.1 Causal Discovery based Methods  
3.2 Causal Effect Inference based Methods  
3.3 Counterfactual Reasoning based Methods

4 Open Problems and Future Directions

5 Conclusions