diff --git a/src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py b/src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py
--- a/src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py
+++ b/src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py
@@ -2524,7 +2524,9 @@ def load_key_and_certificates_from_pkcs12(self, data, password):
         if sk_x509_ptr[0] != self._ffi.NULL:
             sk_x509 = self._ffi.gc(sk_x509_ptr[0], self._lib.sk_X509_free)
             num = self._lib.sk_X509_num(sk_x509_ptr[0])
-            for i in range(num):
+            # In OpenSSL < 3.0.0 PKCS12 parsing reverses the order of the
+            # certificates.
+            for i in reversed(range(num)):
                 x509 = self._lib.sk_X509_value(sk_x509, i)
                 self.openssl_assert(x509 != self._ffi.NULL)
                 x509 = self._ffi.gc(x509, self._lib.X509_free)
@@ -2567,9 +2569,7 @@ def serialize_key_and_certificates_to_pkcs12(
             sk_x509 = self._lib.sk_X509_new_null()
             sk_x509 = self._ffi.gc(sk_x509, self._lib.sk_X509_free)
 
-            # reverse the list when building the stack so that they're encoded
-            # in the order they were originally provided. it is a mystery
-            for ca in reversed(cas):
+            for ca in cas:
                 res = self._lib.sk_X509_push(sk_x509, ca._x509)
                 backend.openssl_assert(res >= 1)
 

diff --git a/tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py b/tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py
--- a/tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py
+++ b/tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py
@@ -4,13 +4,15 @@
 
 
 import os
+from datetime import datetime
 
 import pytest
 
 from cryptography import x509
 from cryptography.hazmat.backends.interfaces import DERSerializationBackend
 from cryptography.hazmat.backends.openssl.backend import _RC2
-from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes, serialization
+from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import ec
 from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.serialization import load_pem_private_key
 from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.serialization.pkcs12 import (
     load_key_and_certificates,
@@ -273,3 +275,57 @@ def test_generate_unsupported_encryption_type(self, backend):
                 DummyKeySerializationEncryption(),
             )
         assert str(exc.value) == "Unsupported key encryption type"
+
+
+def test_pkcs12_ordering():
+    """
+    In OpenSSL < 3.0.0 PKCS12 parsing reverses the order. However, we
+    accidentally thought it was **encoding** that did it, leading to bug
+    https://github.com/pyca/cryptography/issues/5872
+    This test ensures our ordering is correct going forward.
+    """
+
+    def make_cert(name):
+        key = ec.generate_private_key(ec.SECP256R1())
+        subject = x509.Name(
+            [
+                x509.NameAttribute(x509.NameOID.COMMON_NAME, name),
+            ]
+        )
+        now = datetime.utcnow()
+        cert = (
+            x509.CertificateBuilder()
+            .subject_name(subject)
+            .issuer_name(subject)
+            .public_key(key.public_key())
+            .serial_number(x509.random_serial_number())
+            .not_valid_before(now)
+            .not_valid_after(now)
+            .sign(key, hashes.SHA256())
+        )
+        return (key, cert)
+
+    # Make some certificates with distinct names.
+    a_name = "A" * 20
+    b_name = "B" * 20
+    c_name = "C" * 20
+    a_key, a_cert = make_cert(a_name)
+    _, b_cert = make_cert(b_name)
+    _, c_cert = make_cert(c_name)
+
+    # Bundle them in a PKCS#12 file in order A, B, C.
+    p12 = serialize_key_and_certificates(
+        b"p12", a_key, a_cert, [b_cert, c_cert], serialization.NoEncryption()
+    )
+
+    # Parse them out. The API should report them in the same order.
+    (key, cert, certs) = load_key_and_certificates(p12, None)
+    assert cert == a_cert
+    assert certs == [b_cert, c_cert]
+
+    # The ordering in the PKCS#12 file itself should also match.
+    a_idx = p12.index(a_name.encode("utf-8"))
+    b_idx = p12.index(b_name.encode("utf-8"))
+    c_idx = p12.index(c_name.encode("utf-8"))
+
+    assert a_idx < b_idx < c_idx

PKCS#12 ordering is reversed
Although the PKCS#12 APIs in cryptography.io are consistent with each other, they're reversed from what's actually in the file. This logic reverses the order into `PKCS12_create`.
https://github.com/pyca/cryptography/blob/5511445e95a16fa12b464d57ace4bb17855fe844/src/cryptography/hazmat/backends/openssl/backend.py#L2565-L2569

I imagine this was done because you all noticed that `PKCS12_create` and `PKCS12_parse` are reversed from each other. But the bug was actually in `PKCS12_parse`, so the workaround was applied to the wrong one. As a result they're now both reversed in the bindings. See https://github.com/openssl/openssl/issues/6698.

* Versions of Python, ``cryptography``, ``cffi``, ``pip``, and ``setuptools``
  you're using: Python 3.7.3; cryptography 3.4.6; cffi 1.14.5; pip 18.1; setuptools 40.8.0
* How you installed ``cryptography``: `pip install cryptography` in a `python3 -m venv`.
* Clear steps for reproducing your bug: run this script.

```
from cryptography import x509
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes, serialization
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import ec
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.serialization import pkcs12
from cryptography.x509.oid import NameOID
from datetime import datetime

def make_cert(name):
    key = ec.generate_private_key(ec.SECP256R1)
    subject = x509.Name([
        x509.NameAttribute(NameOID.COMMON_NAME, name),
    ])
    now = datetime.utcnow()
    cert = x509.CertificateBuilder().subject_name(
        subject
    ).issuer_name(
        subject
    ).public_key(
        key.public_key()
    ).serial_number(
        x509.random_serial_number()
    ).not_valid_before(
        now
    ).not_valid_after(
        now
    ).sign(key, hashes.SHA256())
    return (key, cert)

# Make some certificates with distinct names.
a_name = "A" * 20
b_name = "B" * 20
c_name = "C" * 20
a_key, a_cert = make_cert(a_name)
_, b_cert = make_cert(b_name)
_, c_cert = make_cert(c_name)

# Bundle them in a PKCS#12 file in order A, B, C.
p12 = pkcs12.serialize_key_and_certificates(
    b"p12", a_key, a_cert, [b_cert, c_cert], 
    serialization.NoEncryption())

# Parse them out. The API should report them in the same order.
(key, cert, certs) = pkcs12.load_key_and_certificates(p12, None)
assert cert == a_cert
assert certs == [b_cert, c_cert]

# The ordering in the PKCS#12 file itself should also match.
a_idx = p12.find(a_name.encode("utf-8"))
b_idx = p12.find(b_name.encode("utf-8"))
c_idx = p12.find(c_name.encode("utf-8"))
assert a_idx >= 0
assert b_idx >= 0
assert c_idx >= 0

print(f"{a_idx} {b_idx} {c_idx}")
assert a_idx < b_idx < c_idx  # This assertion trips.
```

tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Loading::test_non_bytes tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Loading::test_load_pkcs12_cert_only tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Loading::test_not_a_pkcs12 tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Loading::test_load_pkcs12_ec_keys_rc2[cert-rc2-key-3des.p12-cryptography] tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Loading::test_load_pkcs12_ec_keys[cert-key-aes256cbc.p12-cryptography] tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Loading::test_invalid_password tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Loading::test_load_pkcs12_key_only tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Loading::test_load_pkcs12_ec_keys[cert-none-key-none.p12-cryptography] tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Loading::test_load_pkcs12_ec_keys_rc2[no-password.p12-None] tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Creation::test_generate[encryption_algorithm1-None-None] tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Loading::test_buffer_protocol tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Creation::test_generate_wrong_types tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Creation::test_generate_with_cert_key_ca tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Creation::test_must_supply_something tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Creation::test_generate_unsupported_encryption_type tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Creation::test_generate[encryption_algorithm0-password-None] tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Creation::test_generate[encryption_algorithm1-None-name] tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Creation::test_generate[encryption_algorithm0-password-name] tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::TestPKCS12Creation::test_generate_no_cert
tests/hazmat/primitives/test_pkcs12.py::test_pkcs12_ordering